Thursday, March 31, 2011

Identify the sentiment Macbeth expresses at the end of Act Two, scene two in Shakespeare's Macbeth—what does this reveal about Macbeth's...

At the end of Act Two, scene two, of Shakespeare's
Macbeth, Macbeth closes the scene (when he hears a knocking at the
castle gate) by saying:


readability="5">

Wake Duncan with thy knocking! I would thou
couldst! (93)



Very simply,
Macbeth is saying, "Go ahead and wake Duncan with your knocking...I
wish you could." He wishes that Duncan was not dead. I think
Macbeth's first response is remorse. (Remember, this was not only
his King he killed; Duncan was also his friend and his cousin.) Throughout the scene,
once Macbeth returns to his bedroom with blood on his hands and the murder weapons in
his hands, he has exhibited the signs of a man who is unraveling (mentally)—caused by
the terrible crime he has committed. He obsesses at first that when the guards mumble
"Amen" in their sleep, he cannot call down a blessing on himself as
well.


Macbeth also seems to be hearing things—but I think
it's impossible to know for sure whether they are supernatural occurrences or auditory
illusions. He says...


readability="7">

Methought I heard a voice cry “Sleep no
more!


Macbeth doth Murder sleep”...
 (46-47)



Then, when Lady
Macbeth notes that he has brought evidence of their conspiracy and crime back with him,
she orders him to take the daggers back and smear the drugged guards with blood to make
them look guilty. Macbeth refuses, outright:


readability="7">

I'll go no more:


I
am afraid to think what I have done;


Look on't again I dare
not. (64-66)



This all just
emphasizes Macbeth's original uncertainty about killing Duncan in Act One, scene seven.
The last time he and his wife spoke, he had said that he wanted to wait before killing
the King: Macbeth explained the he was still enjoying all the rewards that the King had
showered him with for his part in the recent war. At that point, Lady Macbeth literally
harassed him into agreeing, calling him names and insulting his manhood, his bravery.
She knew exactly what she was doing—and he agreed to go ahead with the
plan.


Macbeth's distress at the end of this scene shows
that while he gave in to his wife's demands, his heart was not in it. I believe that
Shakespeare emphasizes this so that the audience can see just how far Macbeth is willing
to go to become and remain King, all because of his tragic flaw—his vaulting ambition.
We also recognize a certain frailty in face of his wife's displeasure, for at the start
of the play, they are deeply in love. (By the end, he is a tyrant, and she goes insane
reliving their murderous acts.)


By seeing Macbeth this way
in Act Two, scene two, we can gauge the change in the man as he arranges for the murders
of his friend Banquo and the Macduff family, and his willingness to kill Young Siward
(in the young man's first battle) at the end of the play. Macbeth has sold his soul to
the "enemy" (the devil) by killing the King. He believes killing will get easier with
time, and he seems to be correct. We are better able to see his absolute moral
deterioration by the play's end. The only thing left to him is his valor—his bravery. In
face of all else, he will not beg for his life, but dies in battle—the only honor left
to him.

Tuesday, March 29, 2011

Solve the following simultaneous linear equations: (x-2)/5 = (1-y)/4 and 26x+3y+4=0

I agree with justaguide, the answer is x = -1/2 and y =
3


The step for solving the problem in my way
is:


We have two equations:


(1)
1/5(x-2) = 1/4 (1-y)


(2) 26x + 3y + 4 =
0


Step #1: Process the (1)
equation:


1/5 (x-2) = 1/4
(1-y)


=> (x-2)/5 =
(1-y)/4


=> 4(x-2) =
5(1-y)


=> 4x - 8 = 5 -
5y


=> 4x + 5y -8 - 5 =
0


=> 4x + 5y - 13 =
0



Gime Times 3 to (1) => 3 (4x+5y-13)
=0


=> 12x + 15y - 39 = 0
................(1*)


Give Times 5 to (2) => 5 (26x
+3y + 4) = 0


=> 130x + 15y + 20 = 0
 ......(2*)



(1*) and
(2*)


12x + 15y - 39 = 0


130x +
15y + 20 = 0
 -


__________________


-118 x -
59 = 0  => - 118 x = 59


=> x = 59/-118 =
-1/2


Substitude x = -1/2 to either (1) or
(2)


Here I choose to substitute x = -1/2 to
(1)


=> 4x + 5y - 13 =
0


=> 4(-1/2) + 5y - 13 =
0


=> -2 + 5y - 13 =
0


=>  5y - 15 =
0


=>  5y = 15


=>
 y = 15/5 = 3


Thus, the answer is x = -1/2 & y =
3

How did people feel about god and the the king during shakespeare's time? Explain

At the time in which Shakespeare lived and worked,
religion was part of the daily lives of the majority of people in England.  Belief in
God was stronger than it is today and people displayed their devotion through regular
worship.  It was also a time of religious turmoil in England.  The Protestant
Reformation begun by Henry VIII and continued by his daughter, Elizabeth I was still
under way.  When Elizabeth I died and the Scottish King, James I ascended the English
throne, there was initially fear that he would be more tolerant of religion and that
Catholicism would once more come to dominate.


In the late
16th and early 17th centuries, people believed in the divine right of kings.  The
monarch was on the throne by God's grace and therefore, they were viewed as being the
representation of God on earth.  This meant that their rule was absolute and to
challenge the king was to challenge God himself.  Richard III is viewed as a villain
because his right to rule was questionable.  In Macbeth, the murder of Duncan was
especially shocking to Elizabethan audiences because to kill the king was to kill God. 
The actual murder of Duncan does not take place on stage because it was considered too
provocative and Elizabethan audiences required little excuse to
riot.

Monday, March 28, 2011

What page is the word "infrastructure" on in Guns, Germs and Steel?

Is there a reason why you think that this word should show
up in this book?  So far as I know, the word does not appear at any point in
Guns, Germs, and Steel.


I have
searched the book in a variety of ways and have not found any instance of this word in
the book.  I have searched in the Kindle version of the book.  I have also searched the
book using Amazon.com and Google books' search functions.  In all cases, there were no
hits for this word.


The word "infrastructure" refers to the
resources needed for some (usually economic) activity.  For example, we speak of roads,
bridges, and electric lines as infrastructure because they are needed in order for our
economy to function properly.


Infrastructure is not a
concept that is particularly important to Diamond's argument in this book so I have no
reason to believe that it appears in the book.

Sunday, March 27, 2011

What is an important event in the story Freak the Mighty?

Kevin and Max have many adventures during the novel,
Freak the Mighty, but the most serious and dangerous one comes on
Christmas night. After a wonderful holiday, Max suddenly awakes from a pleasant dream to
find his father, "Killer" Kane, hovering over him. Max is kidnapped and taken to the
projects, the New Testaments. His father holds him in a dirty, abandoned apartment,
where "Killer" tells him that he plans to take Max away with him. "Killer" learns that
the police are after him, so he moves Max to another, more delapidated apartment where
he bounds and gags Max in the basement. Max manages to free himself, with the help from
Loretta, but "Killer" intervenes and begins choking the woman. Max attacks his father,
who then begins to choke Max. But, like Lancelot to the rescue, Kevin suddenly appears
and sprays a concoction of spices into the eyes of Max's father, temporarily blinding
him, and the police return "Killer" to custody. As the Fair Gwen carries him away, Kevin
calls out "Freak the Mighty strikes again!"

Saturday, March 26, 2011

What do these names from Animal Farm signify: Snowball, Moses(the crow), Squealer, and Boxer?

These animal names each represent a character or group of
people during the Russian Revolution. Their names have great
siginificance.


Snowball
represents Trotsky who was a great military leader. Well, he had great ideas anyway.
This name probably signifies the fact that the plans he made grew and grew
and grew, but so did his troubles.
Snowball being run off the farm is
comparable to Trotsky's being run out of
Russia.


Moses represented the
Russian Orthodox church, or organized religion. Here is an interesting irony though, in
the bible Moses was not a good speaker, he needed his brother to speak for him. Orwell
could have used that particular biblical name because of the silencing done to the
church.


Squealer,
appropriately named, represented the media. Pravda was the news during the Russian
Revolution that would spin the truth in such a way that the people believed all kinds of
lies. Every squeal, although well taken by the animals, was entirely painful just like
the sound. Lies hurt and Squealer was good at making them appear
true.


Boxer represented the
regular working class people. Many of these people lost their lives because they were
the working class who were literally worked to death. The choice of the word Boxer to
represent the working class is an interesting one because the Boxers went against the
government. This Boxer stayed true to the government to the very end. Perhaps that's
because this Boxer thought he was part of a revolution that did not turn out to be so
revolutionary.

Friday, March 25, 2011

What are the major events that happen in Chapter 4 of The Outsiders?

This chapter mainly concerns Ponyboy and Johnny and what
happens to them one fateful night. As they return home one night, they hear a car horn
coming from the blue Mustang, that had earlier picked up the girls. Five drunken Socs
emerge and approach the Greasers. They grab Ponyboy and dunk him under the fountain
until he thinks he is actually going to drown.


Surprised,
Ponyboy becomes aware a few moments later that he is on the ground, shivering and
spluttering. Johnny is next to him and tells Ponyboy that he killed one of the Socs.
Bob, the former partner of Cherry and the leader of the Socs, is dead on the ground.
Johnny tells Ponyboy that he stabbed Bob in an act of self-defence to save both Ponyboy
and Johnny from being beaten up again. When Bob fell, the other Socs ran away. Ponyboy
panics when he hears this.


They decide to go to Dallas for
help. Dallas listens to their tale and congratulates Johnny for killing a Soc. Dallas
shows his loyalty to his friends by his immediate aid. He gives Ponyboy dry clothes and
finds money and a gun for Johnny. He tells them to take the train into the countryside
and directs them to an abandoned church he knows of.


The
two boys jump a train and Ponyboy tries to pretend that this is some kidn of nightmare.
When they jump off the train, Ponyboy gets directions from a farmer about where the
church is and does his best to disguise his identity, but he knows that this is futile.
They find the church and collapse onto the floor, falling
asleep.

Monday, March 21, 2011

Compare the appearance of the naval officer and Ralph in William Golding's Lord of the Flies.

It is ironic that, in the final chapter of William
Golding's Lord of the Flies, both Ralph and the naval officer are
wearing uniforms. Though they have this one thing in common, these two characters are
nothing alike.


The naval commander arrives, and he is
wearing his dress uniform. Ralph looks up and sees "a white-topped cap, and above the
green shade of the peak was a crown, an anchor, gold foliage. He saw white
drill, epaulettes, a revolver, a row of gilt buttons down the front of a uniform." The
officer stands tall and straight, and he is an impressive sight, even  for someone other
than a group of filthy savages. 


Ralph, on the other hand,
is a mess. His clothes are dirty and crusty from the salt, sand, and sun of the island.
Though he is still wearing a uniform, it is probably not seen as one by the naval
officer. He looks down at Ralph and sees a "little scarecrow in front of him. The kid
needed a bath, a haircut, a nose-wipe and a good deal of ointment." Ralph is a broken
boy about to burst into tears.


When we see the naval
officer through Ralph's eyes, we see a man who is professional and in charge; when we
see Ralph through the naval officer's eyes, we are reminded that Ralph (along with all
the others) is just a boy who tried to be a leader and failed. 

What is the meaning of 'death purple altar' in the poem 'Death the Leveller' by James Shirley?

The poem "Death the Leveller" contains a line at the end
of the poem which states:


readability="5">

Upon Death's purple alter
now.



The reference to the
color purple is very important in this line given the meaning behind the use of the
color. The color purple can represent many different things. First, it is made from
combining the colors red (the warmest color) and blue (the coolest color). This makes
purple a color which holds balance.


The color purple is
also a color typically used in religious ceremonies given its historical use in being
worn by both royalty and is used as the color most representative by the Catholic Church
during Advent. Purple is also the color used in
funerals.


Given that the poem has a religious undertone, as
denoted by the term 'alter', the use of the color purple makes
sense.


As for the meaning of the line "Upon Death's purple
alter now", the line refers to the fact that no one can escape Death. Death, in this
case, is personified. What this means is that death is given a proper name (Death-
denoted by the capitalization) and, therefore, is able to function in the same way that
man can (Death can "lay his icy hand on
kings").


Simplistically, what is being said is that all men
will come to lie on Death's alter- a place where all who die must
come.

Debate the merits of the following statement: "What can only be termed as 'magical thinking' permits Oedipus to connect the murder of Laius, with...

I think that it might be too strong to label the
assembling of information and understanding as "magical thinking."  This idea implies
that there is a level of consciousness that lies outside of the human domain.  I think
that the power of Sophocles' characterization is that Oedipus is all too human. 
Oedipus' plight is not other worldly.  Sadly enough, it is of this world.  This is what
makes Oedipus such a sad and tragic character.


Oedipus does
not have to make too much in way of jumps to assemble everything together about his own
predicament.  The figments and fragments of truth that are given to him from others
helps to allow him to understand what is happening and how he is involved.  The
testimony of other people, the gaps in his own perception of consciousness, as well as
the lingering words of Tiresias helps Oedipus to understand everything and gain more
insight into how his life connects to what has happened and what will happen.  I don't
think that this is magic thinking, as much as a rational being able to utilize their own
understanding and capacity for thought to be able to gain insight and a sense of vision
that transcends the mere physical capacity.

Saturday, March 19, 2011

Why does Sylvia keep $4 of the five-dollar bill given her by Miss Moore in Toni Cade Bambara's "The Lesson?"

In Toni Cade Bambara's short story, "The Lesson," Sylvia
is all about being ahead in "the game." She has no idea that the "game" is about to
change.


Miss Moore gets the kids for a couple of hours with
the intent of teaching them about the world around them: how it controls people of their
race (a "toy" store where none of these children could ever hope to
shop) and education that is not presented for children of color, etc. (We can
infer this last piece because had there been this kind of program
available for the children, Miss Moore would not need to do it on her own time, with her
own money.)


Miss Moore's intent is not to create in the
children a resentful attitude because they cannot have the things they see in this
almost obscene store for "children" (but not these children), but
she wants them to know what the world offers if they work hard. She
wants them to be aware and to care. With these two "weapons," they will be better
prepared to fight to rise above their poverty while opening avenues to them as adults
that have not been open to their parents.


readability="7">

Where we are is who we are, Miss Moore always
pointin out. But it don't necessarily have to be that
way...



Sylvia, on the other
hand, believes she doesn't need to hear anything that Miss Moore has to say. She
ridicules her with her friends, and even her parents. However, Miss Moore is a warrior
in her own right. She surely knows how they feel, but she never takes it personally. She
continues to try. On this day, Miss Moore gave Sylvia five dollars
for the taxi and she only spent one. Miss Moore has to be aware of how much the ride
would cost and could have given Sylvia single dollar bill, but did not. This is not a
spontaneous event: she plans it with specific reasons. Perhaps she wants Sylvia to feel
empowered, a rare emotion for these kids. Sylvia feels the "weight" of that four dollars
in her pocket—it's like payment for the inconvenience of the
day:



...she
sure ain't gettin it Messin up my day with this
shit.



And Sugar stands by
winking and nudging as if they have a secret. By the end of the story, she and Sugar
plan to go get food. They have left Miss Moore behind, but the seed of today's lesson
has already taken root with Sylvia and she is preoccupied. This is a turning point in
her life, even if she doesn't know it: for the knowledge, as with the apple in Eden, has
been revealed to her. Sugar says:


readability="6">

We could go to Hascombs and get half a chocolate
layer and then go to the Sunset and still have plenty money for potato chips and ice
cream sodas.



Sylvia is only
able to distractedly
respond:



Uh
hun.



It is a rite of passage,
perhaps even a "loss of innocence" because for Sylvia, the lure of
temporary satisfaction will
never be
enough.


We recall the moment when it occurred, as the group
was still gathered. Sylvia is thinking and Miss Moore is looking for that title="epiphany"
href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/epiphany">epiphany—asking
for it:



And
somethin weird is goin on, I can feel it in my chest. "Anybody else learn anything
today?" lookin dead at me.



It
is not until the last few lines that we realize that today Miss
Moore has done the very thing Sylvia swore she could not do: she has touched Sylvia's
mind.



[Sugar]
gets ahead which is O.K. by me cause I'm going to the West End and then over to the
Drive to think this day through. She can run if she want to and even run faster. But
ain't nobody gonna beat me at
nuthin.



For Miss Moore, the
four dollars is nothing compared to the reward that Sylvia will reap
someday.

Describe and discuss the possible range of subject matters for poetry and what topics seem most suitable.

Effective poems can be – and have been – written on
practically any topic imaginable, and so in the strict sense there are
no topics that are automatically unsuitable for poetic treatment.  Some
effective poems have even been written on nonsense. Lewis Carroll’s “Jaberowcky” comes
to mind, which begins as follows:


readability="8">

’Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did
gyre and gimble in the wabe:
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the
mome raths outgrabe.



Yet it
seems possible to argue that the poems most likely to live and endure from one
generation to the next are poems dealing with such “archetypal” themes as birth, love,
family, sickness, joy, fear, happiness, nature, and death (to mention just a few). 
These are the kinds of experiences and emotions that people have encountered from time
immemorial. They are experiences and emotions that are practically inevitable by the
very nature of life and by the very nature of human beings. They are likely always to
seem relevant and interesting and meaningful to humans as long as humans
exist.


A famous (or infamous) poem by the American poet
Aram Saroyan reads as
follows:



lighght



That’s
it: “lighght.”  This poem won a $500 prize from the National Endowment for the
Humanities back in the day (1965) when $500 was actually a decent amount of money.  The
award caused considerable controversy at the time, and it is hard to imagine that 500
years from now people will be reading this poem except as a strange curiosity.  The
poetry of Homer, Virgil, Dante, Pertrarch, Shakespeare, and many other “canonical”
poets, however, is likely to endure, partly because that poetry engages with archetypal
human issues and – even more important – is actually skillfully written. (Lots of bad
poems have been written on love, death, etc.)


So, although
it is old-fashioned to say so, the poetry that is most likely to continue living is the
poetry that concerns the common, core issues of human life.

Compare and Contrast the methods used to assess personality

It's funny that this topic came up. Last semester as I was
finishing out the transfer process at my local community college, this topic was our
core study. I don't recall if this is pertained to Myers Briggs or Carls Jung, but
according to my studies, there are four types, and of course the hybrids (combining two
or more) as well. There are the drivers, thinkers, feelers, and the
theorists:


1. Drivers - Those are the initiators, the
do-ers (the Donald Trump). They are relentless and courageous in their pursuits. They
will not take no more an answer and has the stamina to overcome most challenges and
adversaries they come to head with. The downside is that they are egotistical, pushy
(bossy), and can be considered rude by other personality
types.


2. Thinkers - Those are your analysts: the
accountant, the lawyer, the judge, and what have you. These types like to take their
time in evaluating all the pro's and con's, researching until nothing is able to be
found anymore before coming up with a conclusion. They cannot be pushed into making
hasty decisions, this is what also ticks them.


3. Feelers -
Ah, the doctors, nurses, teachers, priests, etc... these are the compassionate bunch of
the personality spectrum. They have a gift of relating to human emotions and live for
helping others. The con's would be that sometimes their sensitivity tends to get in the
way, to the point of blinding them from seeing the logical sides of the
situation.


4. Theorists - The entrepreneurs, the inventors,
the visionaries. They have an idea of what the world (their world) should be like and
live for tomorrow to see the results. The down? Sometimes, they are too high up there in
the clouds that it might take some persuasions for them to come down and see that
reality can be quite as good as well.


The Hybrids are a mix
of the bunch, if you see someone silently researching in the library for a long period
of hour and then all of a sudden gets off in his car at 70 mph to get to somewhere only
god knows, then you probably just met a driver/thinker... you get the point, right?
Well, hope this answers your question.

Friday, March 18, 2011

In the first pages of Fahrenheit 451, does technology improve the quality of life for Montag and his wife, Mildred?

Technology clearly does not improve the quality of life
that the Montags enjoy.  At the beginning of the book, Guy Montag seems to think that it
does, but by the time he gets home and is in his bedroom, we see that it does
not.


At the very start of the book, technology seems
beneficial.  The descriptions of the subway train and the escalator are very appealing. 
They make it seem as if these conveniences have made Montag's life better.  However, the
scene in his bedroom after he has met Clarisse show just how empty technology has
actually made the Montags' lives.


In that scene, we are
shown that technology has essentially made Mildred's life cold and barren.  She is
described as being like a corpse.  We are told that the technology is like an ocean and
that Mildred drowns in it every night.  These are not the sorts of images that would
make us feel that her quality of life has been improved by
technology.


From this, it is clear that technology may have
made life convenient, but it has also robbed it of meaning.  The scene in the bedroom
makes it clear that the Montags' quality of life has been harmed by the
technology.

Monday, March 14, 2011

CHAPTER 9: Describe the terrible event at the end of this chapter in Lord of the Flies. What happened and why is this significant?Thanks!

In Chapter Nine of Lord of the Flies,
Jack finally decides to create his own tribe, promising its members plenty of food,
fun and protection from the beast. Ralph tries to remind the boys that he is still the
duly elected chief, but Jack reminds him that he no longer holds the conch. As a
lightning storm erupts, the boys begin to dance wildly in circles, and when what they
perceive to be the beast comes from the woods, the boys furiously attack it. However, it
is not the beast: It is Simon, who has returned to tell them that the beast is only a
dead airman dangling from a parachute. Simon is brutally murdered, and his body washes
into the sea.


Simon's death is significant primarily
because it marks the end of any civilized behavior on the island. It is also symbolic
because it puts an end to the highly spiritual character whose understanding and
goodness makes him the best of the castaway boys.

Saturday, March 12, 2011

In Chapter Twelve of The Egypt Game, why did the author describe the characters as being filled with helpless fuming anger?

Let us just briefly remind ourselves of what happens at
the beginning of Chapter 12, entitled "Elizabethan Diplomacy." The four friends are in
the yard and are surprised and terrified suddenly by a "shapeless inhuman figure" that
jumps over the fence and leaps into the middle of the yard. It is only when Marshall
notices a second figure climbing over the fence, dressed up in a costume that reveals
the identity of the two mysterious arrivals, that they realise what is happening, and
that they have been tricked by Toby and Ken, who have remained in their costumes to
scare the four friends. This explains the reaction that your question refers
to:



In all
four Egyptians frozen fear boiled at once into a choking mixture of anger and
relief.



They have realised
that they are not being visited by some strange monster or demon, and thus on the one
hand are intensely relieved, yet at the same time are filled with anger at how they have
been tricked and scared by the boys.

Friday, March 11, 2011

What is a famous quote by Voltaire?

Voltaire, whose birth name was Francois-Marie Arouet, is
well-known for his defense of civil liberties and his ideas about human brotherhood. 
The quote that is most often connected to him has to do with this.  That is the quote
that goes



I
disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say
it.



However, it is clear that
Voltaire himself never wrote or said this phrase.  It is actually a statement of his
values, but not one that he himself said.


One famous quote
that is truly from Voltaire is also on the subject of civil liberties, religious
toleration, and the universal brotherhood of human beings.  Voltaire
wrote



I say
that we should regard all men as our brothers. What? The Turk my brother? The Chinaman
my brother? The Jew? The Siam? Yes, without doubt; are we not all children of the same
father and creatures of the same
God?



This quote is not as
well-known as the one that he didn't actually say, but it is a good representation of
the sorts of things that Voltaire believed.

Thursday, March 10, 2011

Where can you find the word "hegemony" in Guns, Germs, and Steel?

I do not believe that the word "hegemony" appears at any
point in this book.  I have searched for the word using the Kindle version of the book
and I have searched using the search utilities in Google Books and at Amazon.com.  In
all cases, no matches were found.


Diamond could well have
used the word if he had been so inclined.  One meaning of "hegemony" is something like
"influence" or "power" that one person or group has over others.  Diamond could have
used the word, for example, in Chapter 16.  He could have said that Chinese governments
gained "hegemony" over the entire region that is now China.  However, it appears that he
did not choose to use this word here or anywhere else in the
book.

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

How to verify or prove this identiy?Here is the identity I need to prove: (sin x + cos x)(tan x + cot x) = sec x + csc x Thanks to any answer!

First you need to remember that tan x is the same as sin
x/cos x,     cot x = cos x/sin x, sec x = 1/cos x, and csc x = 1/sin
x.


Then if you look at the left side of the equation and
multiple out the terms using FOIL, you'll get:


sin^2 x/cos
x + cos x + sin x + cos^2 x/sin x = sec x + csc x


Since you
have fractions on the left side, and you are adding, you need common denominators, so I
changed cos x to cos^2 x/cos x and sin x to sin^2 x/sin x.  Then you can add the two
fractions with cos x in the denominator and the two fractions with the sin x in the
denominator, this gives you:


(sin^2 x +cos^2 x)/cos x +
(sin^2 x + cos^2 x)/sin x = sec x + csc x


The last thing
you need to remember is the identity: sin^2 x + cos^2 x = 1, so you can replace both of
the numerators with one and this gives you:


1/cos x + 1/sin
x = sec x + csc x


Now, by the definitions of secant and
cosecant that I listed at the top, that proves the
identity.


Hopefully that helps.

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

What is the central irony of "The Story of an Hour"?

There is one central irony in Chopin's short story "The
Story of an Hour". The main character, Mrs. Mallard, is a woman who feels the stress of
being a repressed wife. As a woman, the lines of her face show her to be much older than
she really is. The stresses of her life have pre-maturely aged and overwhelmed
her.


Upon learning of the death of her husband, Mrs.
Mallard locks herself in her bedroom to think about the path her life will take. She
looks out the window and notices the renewal that nature brings and begins to embrace
herself as a free woman.


Soon after her epiphany, Mrs.
Mallard emerges from her bedroom "like a goddess of Victory." Unfortunataley, and
ironically, Mrs. Mallard's joy comes to an abrupt end. Mr. Mallard has not died in a
train accident. Instead, he was not even at the site of the accident and is
alive.


Here is where the story hits its ironic twist. After
seeing that her husband is still alive Mrs. Mallard dies- on the spot. The irony of the
story exists given that her husbands "death" allows her to find her freedom. Upon the
realization that her freedom does not really exist, Mrs. Mallard succumbs to the fact
that she is, again, a bound woman. This new epiphany kills her.

I need to write and internal dialogue for Hamlet. My character must fill a gap in the play. What would be a good character to choose from?What...

What an interesting task!  You have lots of options with a
project like this.  I think it probably makes sense to take one of the minor characters
and add a piece to the play that reveals his or her perspective to a greater degree. 
Here are a few suggestions:


1.  What is Ophelia thinking
after Hamlet's strange behavior during the play within a play?  He had told her "get
thee to a nunnery" just a scene before, but his talk was very suggestive in this scene. 
What does she make of this?


2.  How do Rosencrantz and
Guildenstern feel about their doing the king's bidding and betraying their friend
Hamlet?  Do they have any second thoughts?  What are their motivations?  Are they ever
suspicious of the King?


3.  What is the pirates version of
the story?  How did the attack go down?  Why?  Why do they believe Hamlet and do his
bidding in regards to the letters he wants delivered in Act
4?


No matter what you decide to do, it is important that
the scene starts with a connection to the actual events and language of the play.  This
will help create an interesting and logical continuity to the actual
play.

What were the words Satan used to tempt Jesus was in the garden of Gethsemane?

I don't think that there was much written about the devil
tempting Jesus in the garden at Gethsemane.  I think that most of the accounts of this
moment involve Jesus, the apostles, and prophets of old who comes to him in his time of
need.  This "agony in the garden" is when Jesus offers prayers indicating that "the
spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak."  There is no temptation offered here.  Jesus
prays to God that he wishes to have this cup "pass him by."  However, he does state that
if he must drink from "this cup," he will abide and do so.  It is at this moment where
temptation is not seen, where the battle between good and evil is not as evident. 
However, there is a battle between desire and duty.  The poignancy of Jesus praying to
his father to avoid the fate that is in front of him in terms of the cross is brought
forth with ideas from the Gospel of Luke, who says that the prayers that Jesus offered
were so authentic, that "his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down upon
the ground."  There is not much in way of temptation here, but rather the searching for
the summoning of will to do what in one's heart know what needs to be done.  I would
think that if one were searching for temptation, I would focus on the time that Jesus
spends out in the desert in order to test his own faith and devotion to God.  In this,
one sees a great deal of offerings from the devil in order to tempt
Jesus.

Saturday, March 5, 2011

Which lake is bigger, Lake Superior or Hudson Bay?

(I have edited your query, since only one question is
allowed per post.)


There's really no comparison when it
comes to the sizes of Hudson Bay and Lake Superior: The second largest bay in the world,
Hudson Bay is vastly larger. Hudson Bay is more than 850 miles long, compared to Lake
Superior's 350 miles. Hudson Bay comprises 470,000 square miles, while Lake Superior is
less than one-tenth that size (31,820 square miles). One of the largest fresh-water
lakes in the world, Lake Superior is somewhat deeper, however (1332 feet maximum to
Hudson Bay's 330 feet). Hudson Bay drains an area of nearly 1.5 million square miles
compared to Lake Superior's water catchment area of 49,305 square
miles.

How does Lady Macbeth find out about the witches?Does Macbeth tell her?

In Shakespeare's Macbeth, Macbeth
tells his wife about the witches in a letter.  Act 1.5 begins with Lady Macbeth reading
the letter aloud. 


She begins the scene reading the word,
"They," which is a pronoun that the reader understands refers to the witches.  This
means that she begins reading the letter aloud--and the scene opens--after she has
already read some of the letter.  Macbeth, presumably, tells her about the witches in
the unread portion of the letter. 


He also tells her more
about the witches in the letter, which she continues to read aloud.  The witches,
however, are not the main topic of the letter--the predictions they made and the coming
true of one of them are what the letter is really about.  And Lady Macbeth's response to
the letter, once she's finished reading, demonstrates
this:



Glamis
thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be


What thou art
promised.... (Act
1.5.15-16)



She's already
determined that Macbeth shall be king as the witches
predicted. 


In addition to serving the dramatic/pragmatic
purpose of introducing Lady Macbeth and informing her of the predictions, the letter
also reveals more about Macbeth's personality.  Macbeth reveals that he "burned" with
desire to question them further--he is desperately ambitious.  And he has already made
the decision to trust them--something he wasn't at first so sure he should do.  This
will lead to his downfall. 

Friday, March 4, 2011

In Chapter 12, why does Ralph's plan to elude the hunters fail?William Golding's Lord of the Flies

At first, as "a spasm of terror set him shaking," Ralph
cannot grasp "the fatal unreasoning knowlege that comes to him again."  He wants believe
that the hunters have just had an accident in their killing of Simon.  But, he knows now
intuitively as Simon has known that the beast is in them.  Ironically, Ralph finds the
same clearing that Simon has used, and he discovers the pig's head.  The knowledge,
then, comes to him that the boys are truly savages, but they are human. 
He hides in the thicket near Jack's camp after talking with
SamnEric, telling them the hunters will not think to search for him so close to their
camp. However, in the early morning, Ralph awakens to voices and the cries
of SamnEric who are made to reveal Ralph's hiding
spot.


Then, the savages climb to the top of
Castle Rock and heave two huge boulders down from the top.  When one gigantic one comes
with such force that Ralph is thrown into the air momentarily.  After he lands, Ralph
hears whispering, so he thrusts his spear through the growth and wounds someone. Having
done this, he knows he must run as he is being pursued. For, the savages are smoking him
out by setting the entire island on fire.  Ralph runs, "hopeless fear on flying feet,"
until he encounters the British naval officer, who rescues him and the others who appear
on the beach.

How did events in England affect the development of the colonies?

Since most of the colonists came from England and since
England controlled the colonies, events in England affected the colonies'
development.


As an example, let us look at the English
civil wars that involved the Puritans, Parliament, and those who backed royal rule. 
These lasted for about two decades in the mid-1600s.  During the time that the civil
wars were actually going on, there was very little development of colonies.  The English
were too busy with the wars to be able to pay much attention or put many resources
towards colonization.  After the wars ended, however, colonization resumed and the
colony of Carolina, for example, was created.


This is one
of many possible examples of how events in England impacted colonial
development.

Thursday, March 3, 2011

In his poem "Frost at Midnight," describe what Coleridge wants for his son, and whether there is a connection with his own life's past experiences.

In Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem, "Frost at Midnight,"
the author believes that his son will have experiences very much different than his own:
he will hear different stories (lore) and travel to places where the author has not
been.



...it
thrills my heart


With tender gladness, thus to look at
thee,


And think that thou shalt learn far other
lore,


And in far other
scenes!



This father recalls
that the only glimpse of beauty he saw growing up in a town was
what he spied between buildings: sky and stars.


readability="9">

For I was reared


In
the great city, pent 'mid cloisters dim,


And saw nought
lovely but the sky and
stars.



(It is important to
remember that Coleridge was a "first-generation" Romantic poet. Something that the
Romantics wrote of often was their delight with nature: this can be
seen not only in Coleridge's work—in particular (for example) The Rime of the
Ancient Mariner
, but also in Wordsworth's work, and then in the works of the
second-generation Romantic poets: Byron, Shelley and
Keats.)


Coleridge imagines the "glimpses" of nature his son
will have (and we can infer that Coleridge will be at hand to guarantee these these
"interactions" that he did not have as a child). His son will know
the uncontrollable breezes that go where they wish—"By lakes and sandy shores," and
around the crags of mountains, and "beneath the clouds." In essence, Coleridge believes
his child will learn early to speak the...


readability="12">

...eternal language, which thy
God


Utters, who from eternity doth
teach


Himself in all, and all things in
himself.



God will instruct
the boy and help to shape the man he will become. In this experience, the seasons will
be a delight to the boy: the grass, the birds, the snow, and the "sun-thaw" of dawn.
This is what the author dreams for his son.


It is easy to
appreciate Coleridge's concern that his son's experience be different; if you recall, he
notes that he only ever saw what little of nature came to him while
he looked to the sky between tall buildings. His observations of nature came to him much
later, and Coleridge wishes that an appreciation of these things will grow within his
son, as the child himself grows.

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

Why does Boyne end the book The Boy in the Striped Pajamas in the manner he does rather than two paragraphs sooner?

It is important to note that there is a difference in
Bruno's father putting together the pieces of the puzzle and discovering the probable
truth of his son's fate than Bruno's mother and sister, as in the movie.  The father was
the Nazi soldier in charge of the death camp and of putting the Jews to death.  It is a
stark constrast to his son's humanity and his ability to connect with the little Jewish
boy on the other side of the fence...the message here is that under our clothes, we are
all basically the same.


The last paragraphs do two things: 
they distance us from the story a bit with the "it happened a long time ago"
statement...a sort of effort to release tension and the reins of social responsibility
for the reader;  they also make us question the statement "it could never happen
again".  Of course, this sort of thing could happen again if we choose to close our eyes
and ignore the past.  The past can and will come back to haunt those who do not
understand and remember.  In any culture where two groups of people are warring, there
is the risk and threat of genocide.  Take a look around the world today...is it
happening in the Middle East?  In Africa?  Your answer must be "yes."  Boyne is
attemting to use the closing paragraphs as both a lesson and a warning.  We must be
vigilant.  We must not allow our neighbors to be oppressed, lest we also become
oppressed.  We must also guard against becoming oppressors.

What is the meaning of the 4th stanza of Eliot's Preludes, especially the lines "I am moved by fancies...Infinitely suffering thing".

A century old this year, T.S. Eliot's Preludes raises the curtain on his great modernist masterpieces, The Love...