The text you have quoted seems to refer to the growing
            difference and opposition between various groups as America is settled by Europeans
            moving over there for a wide range of motives. Clearly, what is infered in the quote you
            have identified, is that the author does not think very much of the Separatists, whose
            motives seem to be governed more by personal greed, as they try to take land not for
            religious reasons, but because of the way it would help them get ahead in the beaver
            trade. This text therefore demonstrates how religion was used to mask profiteering
            avarice. The text is also very threatening in the way that it threatens arson with
            profound hell-like connotations. Moving to a new colony with the lack of infrastructure
            and systems of law and order clearly had its opportunities but also its tremendous
            dangers.
Monday, October 31, 2011
Can you analyze and comment this little piece of text extracted from “New English Canaan” by Thomas Morton?“The Separatists, envying the...
Which of the following statements regarding Giardia spp. is FALSE?A.Giardia is a single-celled protozoan parasite. B.The infective form of Giardia...
Answer A is true: protozoan parasites are, by nature,
            single-celled.
Answer C is also true: in addition to the
            diarrhea described in the answer, Giardia can cause fever, nausea, swollen abdomen
            & abdominal pain and vomiting in its host animal (including
            humans!)
Answer D is true as well: the infective form of
            Giardia can survive for months in cold water. It is generally 7-14 days from the time
            the host is infected to the time symptoms show up, and then the symptoms can last
            anywhere from 2-4 weeks. Since Giardia is microscopic, it is very difficult to get rid
            of.
That leaves Answer B as the false answer: a sporozite
            is the spore formed after the fertilization of an apicomplexan parasite. The active
            (infective) stage of protozoan parasites is called trophozoite.
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
In Chapter 10 of Lord of the Flies, why does Jack attack Ralph's group?
Beginning in Chapter One, Jack has desired power; his
            pride is clearly hurt when the boys vote for Ralph as chief, and he runs off.  But,
            soon, he finds his niche as the leader of the hunters, for not only does Jack have a
            sense of power in tracking and killing the feral pigs that roam the island, but by being
            the meat provider, he can wield power over the other boys.  In Chapter Three, Jack tries
            to explain his compulsion to track and kill to Ralph, but he cannot find the words.  At
            any rate, the primal urge to hunt and kill exists strongly in Jack, who regresses in his
            behavior to a savage who paints his face.  Golding writes in Chapter Three that Ralph
            and Jack are "two continents of experience and feeling, unable to
            communicate." 
They are "baffled in love and hate."  For,
            Ralph represents the civilized values as he prioritizes building shelters and
            maintaining the rescue fire while Jack encourages the painting of faces, hunting, and
            ritualistic, brutal dancing and beating upon others.  In Chapter Nine, Jack feels his
            superiority as a hunter who brings meat to the others.  He stands over the group that
            cooks the meat, waving his spear and giving orders.  Then, after having witnessed
            Ralph's loss of control over the boys as they all flock to the feast, and having stolen
            the fire, not to mention having caused the death of the prophetic Simon, Jack feels that
            he has more control over the boys than Ralph. Therefore, he and his followers attack
            Ralph, Piggy, Sam and Eric; they beat up the boys, but evidently they have mainly come
            for one thing: Piggy's glasses.
readability="9">
The chief led then, trotting steadily, exulting
            in his achievement.  He was a chief now in truth, and made stabbing motions with his
            spear.  From his left hand dangled Piggy's broken
            glasses.
Jack now holds the
            symbol of reason and the key to igniting a rescue fire:  Piggy's glasses.  By stealing
            these glasses, Jack has stripped Piggy of much of his power.
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Why do the verb tenses change in this excerpt from The Ballad of the Sad Cafe by Carson McCullers?"The whiskey they drink that evening (two bottles...
I checked the original and your quote is not quite
            precise, because it begins with "The whiskey they drank that evening...." However, I do
            not think that is the verb shift you are asking about.
The
            shift from the past tense to the present tense gives this passage an immediacy it would
            not otherwise have.  It puts the reader in the moment, drinking that whiskey and
            understanding its worth. The shift from the present tense to a future tense is a way of
            holding out for the reader the idea of what could happen while he or she is sitting
            there savoring the drink.
This is a beautifully written
            passage, with a wonderful analogy to the magic one experiences the first time one tries
            the lemon juice writing.  All is revealed by Miss Amelia's whiskey.  My favorite line,
            though, is "a sweetness keen as pain."
Monday, October 24, 2011
To what degree may this poem be confessional—explain what is being confessed in Carolyn Kizer's "Night Sounds."
To the best of my ability (and based upon the way this
            poem speaks to me personally), the confessional nature of Carolyn's
            Kizer's poem seems quite strong in "Night Sounds." Often when we hear the word
            "confession," we think of someone referring to something criminal; confessional may make
            some readers think of "confession" in church, still accompanied with the sense that what
            is being spoken of is about is of dire importance. My sense of this poem is
            not that the speaker has done something wrong—unless it be
            perceived that way by her ex-lover. The nature of the speaker's confession is simply
            that she has not been able to move on: she still misses the man who is no longer with
            her: and her loss is not for one night, but permanent when she says, "Living alone
            now..."
We can assume it is a man she writes about—with the
            phrase "heavy, impassive back." We may also assume that the relationship was never good,
            perhaps was really one-sided: the speaker had to "coax" this man to hold her; he was
            never "able to lie quite peacefully at my side..." and "Always withholding something."
            The speaker goes on to describe what it was like as he tried to take his leave of her,
            believing she was asleep:
readability="13">
Awake before morning, restless and
            uneasy,
Trying not to disturb me, you would leave my
            bed
While I lay there rigidly, feigning
            sleep.
Words that allow us to
            find a confession of sadness and loneliness are found in the phases, the images,
            below:
readability="7">
Moonlight keeps me awake...A child weeping at
            nightmares...Everything tinged by terror or nostalgia...impersonal desolation...chills
            the spirit..., and ...feigning
            sleep.
The moonlight that has
            kept her awake, is now more chilling to the speaker than the light of day: perhaps she
            sees in the moonlight as a constant reminder of his departure and her loneliness. The
            reality of daylight is not as "cold / As a full cup of
            moonlight."
Addressing him with "you," the speaker is
            telling this departed lover how she is feeling; if she had to "coax" him to hold her,
            and if he was "[a]lways withholding something," her words will seem a confession of
            sorts in that he never really let her into his heart, and so we can expect that her
            confession would not be a welcome bit of news for the man who has left her, seemingly
            never connected to our speaker in any way other than that of a physical
            nature.
Sunday, October 23, 2011
What is the moral of "The Ambitious Guest" by Hawthorne?
"The Ambitious Guest" was one of four stories Hawthorne
            set in the rugged White Mountains of New Hampshire. The others were "The Great
            Carbuncle," "Sketches from Memory," and "The Great Stone Face." The moral of "The
            Ambitious Guest" is suggested in a comparison between the awesome age, grandeur and
            power of nature versus the relative puniness of man with his brief lifespan and futile
            ambitions. The setting of "The Ambitious Guest," like that of the other three stories
            inspired by the White Mountains, is intended to convey the moral that nature is
            indifferent to human wishes. A similar message is implicit in such literary works as
            John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men, Jack London's "To Build a Fire,"
            and Stephen Crane's "The Open Boat."
Nathaniel Hawthorne
            was the first successful American freelance writer. After graduating from Bowdoin
            College in Maine, he wrote his mother:
readability="10">
"I do not want to be a doctor and live
            by men's diseases, nor a minister to live by their sins, nor a lawyer to live by their
            quarrels. So, I don't see that there is anything left for me but to be an
            author."
To make a
            living as an author in America in Hawthorne's day was nearly an impossibility, because
            the reading public was only interested in the characters and scenes that Europe had to
            offer. As Henry James wrote in a book about Hawthorne, America had nothing to offer a
            writer:
readability="33">
No State, in the European sense of the
            word, and indeed barely a specific national name. No sovereign, no court, no personal
            loyalty, no aristocracy, no church, no clergy, no army, no diplomatic service, no
            country gentlemen, no palaces, no castles, nor manors, nor old country houses, nor
            parsonages, nor thatched cottages nor ivied ruins; no cathedrals, nor abbeys, no little
            Norman churches; no great Universities nor public schools--no Oxford, nor Eton, nor
            Harrow; no literature, no novels, no museums, no pictures, no political society, no
            sporting class--no Epson nor
            Ascot!
Hawthorne was
            challenged to make up stories out of virtually nothing, and it was only due to his
            imagination and craftsmanship that he was able to attract a wide enough audience to earn
            a living. "The Ambitious Guest" is a good example of how Hawthorne took a barren setting
            and peopled it with characters of his own invention. He chose not to give the characters
            names, because he wanted to emphasize their insignificance in comparison to the wild and
            dangerous desolation surrounding them.
Hawthorne does not
            seem to be implying that man should not be ambitious, but only that man is ambitious by
            nature and that his life is necessarily precarious. If he happens to achieve a limited
            success, he is doomed by his mortality to lose everything he builds or acquires.
            Probably the best expression of the moral of “The Ambitious Guest” is to be found in the
            book of Ecclesiastes in the Old Testament, in which the Preacher keeps repeating that
            “All is vanity and vexation of spirit.” Hawthorne’s illustration of man’s impermanence
            in his somber short story suggests the following lines from
            Ecclesiastes:
readability="10">
One generation passeth away, and
            another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for
            ever.
The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth
            down, and hasteth to his place where he
            arose.
George R.
            Stewart used the words "Earth Abides" as the title for his best novel, and Ernest
            Hemingway used the words "The Sun Also Rises" for one of his early
            novels.
What is dy/dx if y=(3x+e^x)(2x^3-lnx)?
We'll differentiate with respect to x and we'll use the
            product rule to differentiate, such as:
(f*g)' = f'*g +
            f*g'
Let f = 3x+e^x => f' = 3 +
            e^x
Let g = 2x^3 - ln x => g' = 6x^2 -
            (1/x)
Now, we'll substitute f,g,f',g' into the formula
            above:
[(3x+e^x)(2x^3 - ln x)]' = (3 + e^x)(2x^3 - ln x) +
            (3x+e^x)[6x^2 - (1/x)]
We'll remove the
            brackets:
[(3x+e^x)(2x^3 - ln x)]' = 6x^3 - 3ln x +
            e^x*2x^3 - e^x*ln x + 18x^3 - 3 + e^x*6x^2 -
            e^x/x
[(3x+e^x)(2x^3 - ln x)]' = 24x^3 - ln x(3 + e^x) +
            e^x(2x^3 + 6x^2 - 1/x) - 3
Therefore, the
            derivative of the function is dy/dx = 24x^3 - ln x(3 + e^x) + e^x(2x^3 + 6x^2 - 1/x) -
            3.
Saturday, October 22, 2011
What is the difference between critical summary and appreciation?
To best answer your question, one must first define the
            terms for which you are asking.
The word "critical",
            according to Dictionary.com, means:
readability="7">
involving skillful judgment as to truth, merit,
            etc.
The word "summary", as
            given by Google, means:
readability="5">
A brief statement or account of the main points
            of something.
Therefore, a
            critical summary finds truth and/or merit as applied to an account of something in
            regards to the main points.
Appreciation is defined
            (according to Google) as:
readability="5">
The recognition and enjoyment of the good
            qualities of someone or
            something.
This being said,
            one can blatantly see the differences between the two. For one to partake in a critical
            summary of a work, they must provide a summary of the text , paying special attention to
            the main points and details, while using "skillful judgement". An appreciation is much
            different. One only needs to like something based simply upon the good qualities they
            find in the text. One does not need to use "skillful judgment" to justify an
            appreciation. Appreciations do not typically need to be
            justified.
Friday, October 21, 2011
What are the main conflicts in Freak the Mighty, and how were they resolved?
The two boys, Kevin and Max, face a number of conflicts
            during their trials and tribulations in Freak the Mighty. Kevin
            faces his extensive physical problems in the most positive way possible, often using his
            good humor and intellectual skills to avoid further predicaments. By teaming with Max,
            the two boys create Freak the Mighty, allowing both boys self-confidence and
            powers--physical and mental--that they would not have been able to experience alone. Max
            seems to have a tougher time dealing with his own problems. A depressed loner, he is
            brought out of his shell by Kevin, and things get better both at home and school. He
            still has problems dealing with the knowledge concerning the death of his mother, and
            Max still has to deal with bullies. More importantly, things really become complicated
            with the arrival of his murderous father: When he is abducted by his dad, it is Kevin
            who comes to his rescue. Max has yet another conflict with which to deal when Kevin
            dies, leaving him friendless once again. Max's grandparents make it clear that quitting
            school is not an option, even though he "hated every minute of it." But, when Max meets
            up with Loretta shortly after Kevin's death, she reminds him that being a "nothing is a
            drag, kid. Think about it." Max takes her words to heart, and taking the empty book from
            the pyramid box, Max begins writing his story--and that of Freak the
            Mighty.
... I'm feeling okay about remembering
things. And now that I've written a book who knows, I might even read a
few.
No big deal.
Wednesday, October 19, 2011
Why was Emile banned?
Rousseau's work sought to upset the proverbial "apple
            cart" of how society was seen and how it should be seen.  Of the many ideas evident in
            Emile, the most dominant is that the existing social order is no
            way to educate a child.  This causes a great deal of consternation when read and and
            received by the French public.  Being the political thinker that he was, Rousseau, not
            surprisingly, blames much of education's failure on the social order the does not
            encourage critical thinking, but rather need to convey conformity to all.  Rousseau's
            idea of "cities destroy men" and his continuing belief seen in his political thinking
            that individuals are "born free, but live in chains," is extrapolated in
            Emile to become associated with the idea that society is wrong and
            the more children get away from it, the better off they will
            be.
The reception to Emile was one
            where individuals saw the work as a critique of society and a condemnation of
            traditional means of education.  They were right.  Rousseau meant for the work to be
            transformative, calling for a complete mental and physical overhaul in how children are
            educated.  In the end, Rousseau's work was one that caused damage and consternation to
            the French notion of social self, one that was pleased with where it was and convinced
            that what it was doing was right.  This is something that Rousseau rebuked and
            definitely rejected through his work, causing such an intense reception to
            it.
In the poem "The Daffodils" how does nature affect the speaker's state of mind?
In William Wordsworth's poem "The Daffodils," the speaker
            reflects upon a time when, during a solitary stroll, the speaker came upon a field of
            daffodils. By looking upon the flowers, the speaker was able to find solace and
            amazement in nature around him:
readability="5">
What wealth the show to me had
            brought:
Later, the speaker
            reflects upon nature as he came upon it in the field. The speaker states that whenever
            he is in a vacant or pensive mood, reflecting upon the scene brings about bliss and
            pleasure. It is at that time, when remembering the image of nature in the field, that
            the speaker's heart can "dance with the
            daffodils."
Therefore, nature affects the speaker in a very
            positive way. Without the ability to remember the field, the speaker would have no way
            to bring about release from the pensive moods that come on.
Monday, October 17, 2011
What kind of person is Ponyboy in The Outsiders?
Ponyboy is an interesting character, as are his brothers,
            because to outsiders, they appear to be nothing more than greasers, but in actuality,
            the boys were living a fairly normal, middle class existence until they lost their
            parents.  Ponyboy's oldest brother, Darry, was a good student and great high school
            football player, but had to abandon his education to take care of his brothers.  Darry
            has projected his hopes for a better life onto Ponyboy, who is a good student; they
            primary conflict between those two relates to Darry's pressuring Ponyboy to make curfew
            and get his homework done well.  Ponyboy has a real interest in and affinity for
            literature, both reading and writing it, and other things of the spirit; he is
            observant, and wonders sometimes about the sunset on his side of town looking the same
            as the sunset on the affluent side of town.  Johnny has kind of an artistic side to him
            as well, and the boys entertain themselves reading "Gone With the Wind" when they are
            hiding in the church after Bob's murder. 
What three people turned in an alarm against Montag in Fahrenheit 451?
Montag and Faber had hatched a primitive plan to subtly
            start a revolution in the minds of society by encouraging them to think for themselves
            again, to question what was happening around them.  That plan was to start with Faber
            coaching Montag at his own home, with his wife and her two friends, by nudging them in
            the right direction.
But Montag moves too quickly, does too
            much too fast and reads them a poem while they are in the TV room, a poem so beautiful
            it makes one of the women cry.  Both of his wife Millie's friends turn Montag in to
            Captain Beatty, but in the end, because she knows he has secretly hidden books and
            because of her own fear, Millie reports him as well.  Montag has to lose everything in
            order to be free.
Saturday, October 15, 2011
What was the Propaganda Movement in Philippine History?
The Propaganda Movement in Philippine history was a
            movement, begun in the 1870s, that was aimed at the Spanish who were then the rulers of
            the Philippines.  It was meant to encourage the Spanish to be more aware of the problems
            and needs of the Philippines and to propagate (which is where the name comes from) a
            better relationship between the colony and the "mother
            country."
The Propaganda Movement can be seen as a
            forerunner to Filipino demands for independence from Spain.  One of its major leaders
            was Jose Rizal who, of course, became the Filipino most closely connected with the goal
            of Filipino equality and independence.
What are some instances in Confessions where the narrator embodies the romantic persona?
The concept of the Romantic artist is evident in the very
            nature of the work.  The idea of a "Confessions" based work is highly Romantic in its
            nature.  On one level, it is personal.  This makes it significantly Romantic because it
            does not escape the notion of self.  In fact, it praises it, raises it to the level of
            deification.  At the same time, it is emotional because of its self- reflective nature,
            and this lauding of emotions is another representation of the Romantic persona, seeking
            to integrate emotions into consciousness and not divorce it from them.  Finally, the
            idea of The Confessions of J.-J. Rousseau helps to bring the notion
            of subjectivity as of central importance.  This is another aspect of the Romantic
            experience, as it lauds the self as the most important element in conveying the
            universal.  For the Romantic, understanding of the universal is not gained through
            science, but rather through emotional self- reflection, something in which Rousseau
            actively engages.
The Romantic persona of the tormented
            individual is something that Rousseau embellishes and almost raises to an unquestioned
            level.  The divulging of his "discipline" from his tutor, and the complexity within such
            an element is something that represents the Romantic persona as being "fundamentally
            different" from everyone else.  Rousseau is almost taking an enjoyment in being seen as
            "different" and having others "shocked" at what he divulges.  This is consistent with
            the Romantic persona because it helps to enhance the idea that the Romantic thinker is
            different than everyone else.  In his depiction of the rather warped relationship
            Rousseau has with women, the same end of shock and distance is achieved.  Rousseau is
            able to fulfill the Romantic notion of the artist or protagonist as being misunderstood
            by society, incapable of being fully grasped.  The Romantic thinker loved this position,
            for it allowed them the best opportunity to critique and yet be a part of the social
            order without succumbing to its perceived mind- numbing
            conformity.
Friday, October 14, 2011
What is the rising action in the short story, "A&P"?
The rising action of John Updike's short story,
            "A&P," begins almost immediately after Sammy notices the three girls dressed in
            bathing suits enter the supermarket. Apparently, this A&P rarely has customers
            like the three girls: "Queenie," the chunky one, and the tall one. They are
            underdressed, either going to or having just come from the beach, which is at least five
            miles away. Sammy lustfully eyes the girls as they saunter down the aisles for a snack.
            He and his buddy, Stokesie, trade remarks about the teenage girls, before they finally
            head to the checkout counter, where Sammy is ready and waiting. When Queenie pulls a
            dollar bill from her bikini top, Sammy is in heaven.
Thursday, October 13, 2011
What does the term "nigger" refer to in To Kill a Mockingbird? Is is race or class and how do you know?
The term "nigger", as used in To Kill a
            Mockingbird, represents the stereotypical thought of the people of the South
            during this time period.
While this term today represents a
            derogatory name, it did not originate in this fashion. The term originated as a
            description of skin color for slaves brought over to America. The term Negro comes from
            the Spanish word 'negro'-which means black.  Like many words over time, the word (and
            the meaning of the word) has changed.
Today, the term
            (depending on whom you are talking to) represents many different things-from terms of
            endearment (black to black) to a hated and controversial insult (white to
            black).
As for the historical relevance in the novel,
            To Kill a Mockingbird was written in 1960. Set in Alabama, the
            novel took place in an area of the country where segregation was still prominent, so it
            was used as a racial term. Blacks were just beginning to search out for their own
            personal rights (Civil Rights Movement; 1954 Brown vs Board of
            Education; and 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott through the acceptance of the 14th
            Amendment in 1964). This being said, the novel was placed in a point in American society
            where blacks were still looked at as secondary citizens not having the rights as
            whites.
Therefore, the word "nigger" was simply Harper
            Lee's adherence to the standards seen by the setting of the novel. By including this
            word in the text, Lee is able to show a historically valid use of the word. She is also
            able to show the change in mentality, by whites, through the use of Atticus' character
            and what he teaches Scout and Jem about acceptance and rights.
How do the people in Maycomb view Atticus in To Kill a Mockingbird?I have to write an essay discussing the quote, "Atticus is an example of...
Although many people in Maycomb do not approve of Atticus'
            decision to represent Tom Robinson, Atticus nevertheless commands the respect of most of
            Maycomb's citizens. The fact that Atticus serves as Maycomb's representative to the
            Alabama state legislature and runs unopposed each term is testament to his stature in
            the town. The townspeople know that Atticus is an honest and humble man who will assist
            his neighbors--either legally or personally--in any way he can. Atticus often accepts
            trade goods as payment for legal services, and he often waits until his client is able
            to repay him. Many townspeople disapprove of Atticus' defending Robinson, but they know
            he will represent him to the best of his ability. As one Maycomb man
            commented,
readability="6">
"Yeah, but Atticus aims to defend him. That's
            what I don't like about
            it."
Atticus' respect among
            Maycomb's Negro population is obvious when they stand in unison to honor him as he
            leaves the courtroom. His close friends recognize that he is the heart and soul of the
            town. Miss Maudie tells Jem and Scout,
readability="9">
"... there are some men in this world who were
            born to do our unpleasant jobs for us. Your father's one of them...
    
            "We're so rarely called on to be Christians, but when we are, we've got men like Atticus
            to go for us."
Wednesday, October 12, 2011
what is the important points of business communication?
Communication is the process of conveying the information
            and meaning. We spend 75 percent of our time communicating to people. It is of integral
            importance in business. It can be of two types: Oral communication and Written
            communication. The former includes face to face, meeting, presentation and telephone
            whereas the latter includes memo, letter, report, bulletin board, poster and
            newsletter.
Before begining any business communication,
            plan your message. Decide each of the following point so that the final message that is
            transmitted is cohorent.
* What is the goal of the
            message?
*Who should recieve the
            message?
*How will you send the
            message?
*When and where will the message be
            transmitted?
In the oral communication there is a sender, a
            reciever and generally feedback about the message transmitted. Follow the following
            points:
*Develop
            rapport.
*State your communication
            objective
*Transmit your
            message
*Check the recievers
            understanding
*Get a commitment an
            followup
In written communication, be organized, set
            objectives, do not write to impress, edit and rewrite where
            necessary.
As a reciever of the message during business
            communication, it is important to listen, analyze and check the
            understanding.
The key to business success is clear and
            open communication of expectations.
What makes the Greek myths in the Lightning Thief appeal to modern-day kids?
Are you kidding?  What modern-day kid isn't enthralled
            with magic, magical creatures, flying without planes, abnormal strength, and other
            equally cool stuff?!
Percy is just like most kids in my
            class.  He is restless, diagnosed with ADD, and his mind wanders profusely.  He isn't
            interested in school, doesn't like reading, but is intrigued by the stories of the Greek
            gods.  When his teacher turns into some magical bird with huge wings and tries to attack
            him, he is really focused.
He is intrigued by the stories
            of gods having children with mortal women, and well he should be since he is actually
            the son of Poseidon.  Of course, he's never met his real father, but he does have many
            of his attributes, including, but not limited to, his love of
            water.
There is also the story of the Sirens and their
            ability to lure people in and trap them for years at a time with their lotus potions. 
            Percy and his friends visit this place and are trapped for a short while during their
            search for Zeus' lost lightning bolt.  However, once they realize they should stop
            eating the lotus that flows freely at this outrageous party, they are once again
            clear-headed and able to focus on the task at hand.
Percy
            is also intrigued by the other children of gods and goddesses that he meets and trains
            with at the camp.  There, he discovers that he does indeed have hidden powers and that
            he is much stronger than he ever imagined.  The coolest thing he can do is heal himself
            and others using water...a clear clue as to his parentage.  What modern boy wouldn't
            want to be able to do that?
These stories are timeless and
            universal.  It's obvious from all the TV shows about heros and people with special
            powers that this sort of thing continues to amaze and captivate people of all
            ages.
Tuesday, October 11, 2011
How would an aesthetic criticism or reading of a work of literature look or sound like?I'm beginning a personal study of aesthetics, specifically...
To first begin to answer this question, one must be sure
            to have a firm understanding of the terms
            regarded.
Aesthetic can be defined in each of the following
            ways: first, the appreciation of beauty; second, the principles guiding the work of an
            artist.
In regards to an aesthetic reading, an aesthetic
            reading is when a reader contemplates and appraises the techniques used by the author,
            as well as the presentation of action.
The mode of reading
            which offers a polar opposite of aesthetic reading is the efferent mode. When reading in
            an efferent mode, the reader attempts to identify the facts of the text so as to put the
            text into an informational structure. 
The difference
            between the two modes is that one (efferent) looks at the facts and the other
            (aesthetic) looks at the tone and emotive
            qualities.
Therefore, if one were to present an efferent
            reading on Frankenstein, the reader would present the facts from the text and be
            concerned with those issues only.
Where as an aesthetic
            reading to the same novel would be based upon the figurative language used inn the text
            along with the emotive qualities presented by Victor, the Monster, and the
            reader.
Monday, October 10, 2011
I need to solve the following two problems. I am not sure how to solve them and I'm not sure if the process is different for the first one and the...
The number of permutations of the letters of the word
            HEART can be found in the following way. You can place any of the 5 letters in the first
            place of the word. For the second place we have the remaining 4 letters, this goes on
            till there is only 1 letter for the 5th place.
The number
            of permutations is the product of 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 or 5*4*3*2*1 =
            120
For the word AMAZING, A is repeated twice. The number
            of permutations here can be found as above except here take care of the letter that is
            repeating by dividing the factorial of the total number of letters by the factorial of
            the number of times the letter A repeats. This gives the result as 7!/2! =
            2520
The number of permutations of the
            letters of the word HEART is 120 and that of the letters of the word AMAZING is
            2520
Friday, October 7, 2011
how does a study of dentition help the anthropologist in identifying a body?
Dentition is generally accepted as the single best
            indicator of age from birth to about age 25, and is also used in conjunction with other
            physical attributes to determine age in bodies older than 25. Obviously being able to
            determine the deceased's age would go a long way toward determining his or her
            identity.
Differing dental patterns in various ethnic
            groups have been widely studied; examining dentition could allow a forensic
            anthropologist to make some solid conclusions as to the race or ethnicity of the body,
            which could be helpful in identification.
Because bone,
            unlike other bodily tissues, is not subject to continual reformation, an analysis of the
            oxygen-18 isotope in the tooth enamel will match that of the area in the world where the
            person was born. Archaeologists use this technique to study patterns of human and animal
            migration, and forensic scientists use it to determine if a person was native to the
            area where the body was found.
To what extent is the contet of social division shown in "The Doll's House" by Katherine Mansfield?How does the context (setting/environment) of...
Katherine Mansfield's story "The Doll's House" depicts
            life in two separate and distant social classes: The very wealthy rich and the very
            unfortunate poor coexisting as children in a school.
The
            characters of Isabel, Kezia and Lottie Burnell are three privileged little girls who
            receive the gift of a gorgeous dollhouse from a house-guest, upon the latter's
            departure. This house is a perfect scale model of a mansion, complete with its
            wallpaper, furniture, and especially a miniature oil lamp who looks so real that it
            becomes the favorite feature of Kezia.
The girls live
            comfortably within their social circle, but Mansfield quickly changes the setting in
            order to show us how the girls live their everyday lives in contact with children of
            every walk of life in their school setting. It is in this setting where the real social
            division occurs, as the children of the privileged are aware of the huge differences
            between themselves and the others.
readability="12">
...the school the Burnell children went to was
            not at all the kind of place their parents would have chosen if there had been any
            choice. But there was none. It was the only school for miles. ..[...] the judge's little
            girls, the doctor's daughters, the store-keeper's children, the milkman's, were forced
            to mix together. [...] But the line had to be drawn somewhere. It was drawn at the
            Kelveys. 
The Kelveys are a
            pair of very poor girls who receive the consistent humilliation of being called out for
            looking as poor as they are. They are the daughters of a washerwoman and a man who is
            thought to be in jail. They are considered the worst of the worst, and the sociology
            that is the school community of children ensure that they feel like outcasts as a result
            of their social status.
readability="11">
Many of the children, including the Burnells,
            were not allowed even to speak to them. They walked past the Kelveys with their heads in
            the air, and as they set the fashion in all matters of behaviour, the Kelveys were
            shunned by everybody.
This is
            basically how social division is shown in the story "The Doll'shouse". The division
            occurs in the school where children come from families whose prejudices are bestowed
            upon them. As a result, they bring these same prejudices to school where they interact
            with other kids and develop their own versions of mini-societies. Unfortunately, even in
            the world of children, society has a lower end. That lower end will always be the Kelvey
            sisters.
Thursday, October 6, 2011
How is convergent and divergent thinking used in government?
One might argue that a great deal of the thinking going on
            in government, at least in the United States at the moment, is convergent.  The way that
            members of one party or another are expected to toe the line and go along with the
            wishes of the party rather than doing what they think is best or doing what their
            constituents want creates a painful dialogue of us vs. them when, in reality, the
            situations or decisions that are presented this way are far more nuanced and would be
            more effectively addressed by divergent thinking.
Divergent
            thinking could be used to come up with new solutions rather than the two currently being
            proposed which consist of cutting spending or raising taxes.  Though some variation of
            those probably has to happen, there are likely a number of different and valuable ideas
            that could be proposed if divergent thinking was more encouraged among the
            lawmakers.
Wednesday, October 5, 2011
By looking at Reverend Hale, how can we see why justice didn't prevail?
I think that Hale probably is one of the best
            representations of why justice did not prevail in Salem.  Hale's disposition as one that
            would be willing to do just about anything in the name of absolute certainty is a
            reflection of the Puritanical failings that Miller seeks to bring out in the drama. 
            Hale's notion of certainty and absolutism are what bring him to Salem and end up being
            manipulated by the people of Salem.  It is this guilt that ends up haunting him at the
            end of Act III.  Yet, Hale is still convinced in his authenticity in trying to get those
            who have been falsely imprisoned to "confess" to something they did not do in order for
            them to live.  It is here where the failures of Salem and the lack of justice in Salem
            are the most evident.  Miller constructs Hale as one where there will always be a sense
            of justice being absent.  Hale's belief in the sanctity of life is one that almost
            degrades it.  Hale wishes to force confessions out of those imprisoned so that they may
            live.  Yet, in doing so, they must lie.  It is here where justice does not prevail, as
            another lie must be assigned in order for those who have been imprisoned because of lies
            to live.
Hale's characterization in this light demonstrates
            how justice does not prevail in Salem.  His recognition of his own sin and his own wrong
            gives hope.  Yet, his belief that offering up a "simple" lie in order to save oneself is
            acceptable is simply a variation on the lack of justice that has gripped Salem and
            caused its demise.  Miller makes it clear that Hale's character, albeit an admirable
            one, is flawed in his embrace of lies to any end, as they can be easily manipulated by
            those in the position of power.
Can you please tell me what the difference is between symbolism and allusion?
These two literary figures of speech are not necessarily
            related, though they can interchangeably be connected. An allusion
            is a direct or implied reference to some sort of person, place or event;
            it can also refer to a literary (or artistic) passage or work. The placement of such an
            allusion within a written passage is usually just a simple or casual mention, leaving
            the reader to determine the reason or connection presented by the author. If the passage
            is detailed in depth, it is usually defined as a reference,
            rather than an allusion. An example of an allusion would be Harper Lee's mention
            of "Those Bellingraths" by the avid gardener, Miss Maudie, in To Kill a
            Mockingbird. (Bellingrath Gardens is a famed botanical site outside Mobile,
            Alabama.)
A symbol, meanwhile,
            is the representation of an object, concept or idea that is meant to represent
            underlying meanings, or something aside from its literal meaning. For example, the color
            black is often used to symbolize evil, while the color white is regularly used to
            symbolize innocence or purity.
Comment on the sensory details used to describe the kitchen in "A Christmas Memory."
The kitchen appears at various points during this
            excellent short story, and you might want to do a thorough analysis of the kitchen and
            what kind of description is used to depict it. I will choose one of my favourite moments
            from this story which involves the kitchen, which is after Buddy and his friend have
            posted away their fruitcakes and they drink the remainder of the whisky together as a
            celebration. Although the kitchen is described as being "empty," consuming the alcohol
            together, it is clear that the scene is described as a place of happiness and joy.
            Consider the following description:
readability="15">
My dancing shadow rollicks on the walls; our
            voices rock the chinaware; we giggle as if unseen hands were tickling us. Queenie rolls
            on her back, her paws plow the air, something like a grin stretches her black lips.
            Inside myself, I feel warm and sparky as those crumbling logs, carefree as the wind in
            the chimney. My friend waltzes round the stove, the hem of her poor calico skirt pinched
            between her fingers as though it were a party dress: Show me the way to go
            home, she sings, her tennis shoes sqeaking on the floor. Show me
            the way to go
            home.
Note the
            descriptions that are associated with the kitchen. Buddy feels like "those crumbling
            logs" which conveys the sense of touch as he feels the heat, the sound of the logs as
            they crumble and the sight of them falling apart in the fire. There is tremendous
            movement in the dancing that they engage in which combines to create a festive, happy
            mood of celebration.
Tuesday, October 4, 2011
Please explain the symbolism in "Ozymandias"?
I'm not exactly sure what you are asking about the poem by
            Shelley.  The poem involves a description of a statue that is now in ruins.  The speaker
            is a traveller from an "unknown land," and he is describing a once magnificent statue,
            probably that of Ramses II.  All that is left of the statue is the head and the feet.
             On its pedestal reads the ironic quotation, "Look on these works, ye mighty, and
            despair!"  And of course, there are no works that have withstood time's erosion.  So,
            what then, does this statue symbolize?  It symbolizes perhaps man's yearning to make a
            permanent mark on the earth, and ultimately his inability to do so.  Eventually all our
            efforts are overcome by nature's forces.  The magnificent pharoah Ramses II's work has
            all vanished.  The sculptor's fashioning of the statue of this pharoah is now broken and
            in ruins.  Neither the work of a king nor the work of an artist can remain.  The forces
            of nature will overcome all.
Saturday, October 1, 2011
What is the actual conductivity of water (in µS/cm)?
Conductivity is the inverse of resistivity. The resistance
            of a material is given by R = V/I, or the voltage V that should be applied across the
            material to create a current I that flows through it. Resistance is measured in
            Ohms.
Conductivity of a material is given by I/V, or it is
            the current I that flows through the material when a voltage V is applied across it.
            Conductivity is measured in Siemens.
The conductivity of
            water depends on its purity and the type of impurities dissolved in it. The conductivity
            of ocean water is approximately 53 mS/cm. City water which does not too many dissolved
            impuroties has a conductivity of 50 µS/cm.
Pure water has a
            conductivity of .055 µS/cm
Explain the plot from exposition to resolution for "Two Kinds" by Amy Tan.
“Two Kinds” by Amy Tan
            details a conflict between a Chinese woman and her American-born daughter, Jing-mei. The
            setting for the story is Chinatown in San Jose,
            California. 
Exposition
            
The protagonist of the story is
            a girl named Jing-mei. Her mother becomes the antagonist because of her insistence that
            Jing-mei find a hidden talent. 
Her mother wants
            Jing-mei to be successful and stand out in some respect. Initially, Jing-mei was excited
            about this idea as well. The conflict arises when Jing-mei tires of her mother’s
            insistence on testing her every night on various
            subjects.
Rising
            Action
Jing-mei decides that her
            mother will not change her. She is constantly disappointing her mother.
            Jing-mei confronts her mother and asks her why does she not like her just as she is. Her
            mother slaps her. 
Her mother decides that Jing-mei could
            be a piano prodigy.  An old man in the apartment complex is a retired piano teacher. 
            The mother will clean his apartment for lessons for Jing-mei. But Jing-mei quickly
            learns that the old man cannot hear. She pretends to practice and play. However, since
            the teacher cannot hear, she really just plays whatever she wants
            to.
Climax
The
            music teacher and her mother decide to enter Jing-mei in a talent show.  She has played
            it but has never really memorized or even listened to herself as she played it. Despite
            her lack of practice, Jing-mei is overconfident.  Since she did not know the music, her
            performance was a disaster.  She makes a fool of herself and embarrasses her
            mother. 
Her mother does not give up and expects her to
            continue practicing, but Jing-mei refuses to continue with the piano practice or
            lessons. 
She tells her mother that she wishes that she
            were dead.  Jing-mei knew exactly what to say to hurt her mother. Jing-mei's mother had
            other babies that died. After this confrontation, her mother gives up on her having a
            special talent.
Falling
            Action
Jing-mei goes forward
            through the years. She explains that she often disappointed her mother. Unlike her
            mother, she did not believe that a person could do anything that he wanted to. She and
            her mother never discussed the piano fiasco again. To spite her mother, she never did
            her best in anything.  Psychologically, the thing that hurt Jing-mei the most was that
            her mother gave up on her.
On her thirtieth birthday, the
            mother gives the piano to her daughter. Jing-mei asks if she would miss
            it.
'No, this
your piano, she said firmly. Always your piano. Only one can play. You pick up fast.
You have natural talent. You could have been genius if you want to. You just not
trying,' said my
mother.
Resolution
When
            her mother dies, Jing-mei has the piano tuned.  She goes to the parents’ apartment to
            help her father go through her mother’s things. She finds herself very sentimental about
            her mother and the things that she valued. 
Finally,
            Jing-mei sits down at the piano and looks at the piece that she was supposed to play at
            the talent show. She noticed that the piece on the right side of the page was called
            “Perfectly Contented.” On the other side was the piece that she attempted: “Pleading
            Child.”  She realizes that the two pieces are two parts of the same piece. The song
            symbolically represents Jing-mei's life.  If only her mother were there, she would tell
            her what she had learned.
How is the main conflict in Island of the Blue Dolphins resolved?
The main conflict in this book is resolved through
            Karana's resourcefulness and her courage.
The main conflict
            in this book is the conflict between Karana and nature (and a few humans).  She is
            trying to survive all alone on the island.  The only way that she can survive is by
            being very brave and very clever.  For example, we see both of these qualities in her
            interactions with the pack of dogs that kills her brother.  We see her bravery and
            resourcefulness both as she devises and carries out a way to kill the dogs in revenge
            for her brother's death.  It is also rather resourceful of her to tame Rontu to help
            give her the sort of emotional support she needs to survive on her
            own.
Through her resourcefulness and courage, Karana
            survives this and many other dangers.  This is how the main conflict in the book is
            resolved.
What is the meaning of the 4th stanza of Eliot's Preludes, especially the lines "I am moved by fancies...Infinitely suffering thing".
A century old this year, T.S. Eliot's Preludes raises the curtain on his great modernist masterpieces, The Love...
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Examples of alliteration, epithets, hyperbole, kennings, and litotes occur throughout the Old English epic poem Beowulf , and ...
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A helpful discussion of the plot structure of Oedipus Rex , which includes a useful chart, can be found here: ...
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Reading the story carefully reveals the answer to your question. After the narrator had become possessed by "the fury of a ...
