With reference to "Dusk " state how the unsucessful people feel suppressed by the sucessful people.

Let us remember that the description we receive of the
people that move around at dusk comes from Norman Gortsby alone, and reflects his own
"subtle failure" and his feeling of being unsuccessful and suppressed by the successful
people around him. However, having said that, we need to answer this question by
reference to the description of the people that Gortsby feels such solidarity with. Note
how they are described:

readability="17">

Dusk, to his mind, was the hour of the defeated.
Men and women, who had fought and lost, who hid their fallen fortunes and dead hopes as
far as possible from the scrutiny of the curious, came forth in this hour of gloaming,
when their shabby clothes and bowed shoulders and unhappy eyes might pass unnoticed, or,
at any rate,
unrecognised.

The
unsuccessful people therefore feel suppressed by the successful people because of the
way that they feel judged and criticised. Thus it is that they come out, "bat-like,"
only at night to hide their "fallen fortunes and dead hopes." By doing this they can
walk around anonymously and not be recognised, avoiding the shame of being singled out
as somebody who has failed in life.

In The Kite Runner, how does the relationship between Amir and Baba change when they move to America?

When Amir and Baba left Afghanistan, Amir was still a
young boy. During the time he and his father spent in California, Amir grew into a
mature, confident young man. He continued his love of writing and eventually graduated
from college and got married. This transition from boy to man sat well with Baba, and he
came to admire his son. The two of them lived together and bonded as they had never done
in Kabul, sharing their weekends and working at the San Jose flea market. Although Amir
never grew into the strong, physical man that Baba had been (and had hoped for in his
son), the son made his father proud, and the two men grew closer than they had ever
been. Amir's engagement and eventual marriage to Soraya gave Baba one last gift of
happiness, presenting him with a daughter (-in-law) that Baba never had, as well as a
closer relationship with General Taheri, who like Baba, had been a powerful man in his
homeland before immigrating to America. Just as Baba had taken care of Amir when he was
young, Amir tended to Baba in his final days, and Amir's love for his father was evident
at the end--something that was not always present as a boy growing up in
Kabul. 

Consider the logic of O’Brien’s comments. Has Winston acted according to his own free will, or has his fate been predetermined from the...

In a way, both. Winston did act of his own free will in
choosing to set himself "up against the party," and his fate was determined by that
choice. It is ironic in a way, because the focus of the novel is on the concept of
control. Winston wants desperately to have the free will to love and think and act as he
chooses - to control his own life - yet that "free" will is lost to him. He sees the
signs that say "Big Brother is watching you" and knows the "thought police" might
suspect him at any moment, and that the "telescreens" monitor his every move. Winston
bemoans the disappearance of his family members, talks at length about people
disappearing, and yet, still chooses to exert his free will to initially write in his
journal. He knew he may suffer the same fate, but could not resist the most basic human
desire to control some aspect of his own life.

What are some tips on writing the perfect business email?

You can find many different resources online that talk
about successful tips in composing business emails.  A simple web search might be
immensely helpful here.  I think that one of the most direct approaches would be to
maintain proper grammar and writing skills.  It is important to not compose emails with
the same technique that text messages or Tweets are composed.  "You" instead of "u" or
"Later" instead of "l8r" would be examples of this.  It takes away from the business
format when the message is a casual text and not a direct business communication
method.  Along these lines, spellchecking your email would also be a very good step to
take.  Emails that are filled with mistakes of spelling and composition present
themselves in an unprofessional manner.  I think that the use of the "Subject" section
of the email can also be an important element to add to the professional nature of the
business email.  Being able to provide a pertinent, direct, and meaningful subject
heading in a succinct manner can allow for focused communications with clients or
colleagues.  This can help to facilitate a proper business sense to your
emails.

In the Old Man and the Sea, is the conflict between Santiago and the sea resolved?The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway

Yes and no.  While the old fisherman Santiago after
eighty-five days of failure proves his mettle on the sea by catching the huge Marlin,
craftily and skillfully maintaining his hold on it for days by resisting the pain of the
line cutting through his hand and by preventing the fish from taking the line from him
until he finally succeeds in bringing it in and securing it to his skiff, he loses his
battle against the ravages of the sharks. 

So, when he
returns, having survived on the sea and having captured a huge fish, Santiago does
receive the recognition of his victory over the fish as a man. However, with his failure
to win the conflict with Nature, Santiago has failed as a fisherman.  Consequently, he
does not regain the respect of the other fishermen.  For, when Manolin comes to bring
Santiago a hot can of coffee, the old man tells the boy, "They beat me, Manolin." 
Manolin replies, "He didn't beat you.  Not the
fish."

Because he feels defeated as a fisherman, Santiago
tells Manolin that Pedrico can chop up the skiff and use it in fish traps and the boy
can have the spear.  Then, he tells the boy that he spat up something strange, and when
he did spit while out to sea, Santiago has said to the last
shark,

"Eat
that, galanos, and make a dream you've killed
man."

Santiago also tells the
boy that he has felt something break in his chest.   His words indicate that as a
fisherman Santiago is finished; in fact, as a man he is also defeated and will probably
die.

Please explain the following lines from "Ode to the West Wind."Thou on whose stream, 'mid the steep sky's commotion, 15 Loose clouds like earth's...

You have quoted the second stanza of this poem. It can
often be hard to follow the line of argument in such poems, but key to realise is that
in this stanza, the wind's effect on the clouds is being described, and thus we are
given a series of comparisons to explore this effect. Note the number of similes that
are employed, using the word "like." For example, in lines 16-17, we are told that the
clouds are shaken from heaven "like... decaying leaves... shed" from tree boughs.
Likewise, the clouds are described as being "Like the bright hair uplifted from the head
/ Of some fierce Maenad." A Maenad was a woman in Greek mythology who performs frenzied
dances in the worship of Dionysus, the god of wine. The effect of these comparisons are
to convey a kind of hysteria or sense of impending doom.

In
addition in this stanza, in line 28, the speaker of the poem addresses the wind
directly, imploring the wind to "hear" his words. The impact of this is to create an
invocation, as if the speaker were addressing a God, and therefore suggesting that
humans are powerless in the face of such might and majesty.

How does the novel, The Hunger Games, fit in to the genre of dystopian literature?Some literary examples would be appreciative like maybe quotes or...

A dystopian society is basically a police state with
unlimited control over its people. It many times has humans abusing and/or misusing
technology.  In The Hunger Games, the Capitol controls the food,
district boundaries, and occupations of the people in each district.(Chapter one). The
people live in fear.  The people even allow them to take two children from each district
- ages 12-18 - to die in the Hunger Games each year.  They have coerced the population
to allow their children to place their names in the reaping more than once so that the
family can survive. (pg 14).  When the Hunger Games begin, the children are placed in a
huge arena controlled by a computer.  The computer creates hardships, physical and
mental (pg 334), which drain the tribute's energy, strength, and morale, making them
easy victims for the stronger competitors.  It sends food (pg 238) and medicine (pg 261)
from their districts, exhibiting strong control over the games. It even changes the
rules (pg 244) in the middle of the game.

During the trial in Chapter 19 of To Kill a Mockingbird, did the jury of the court choose to ignore any of the evidence?

Sadly for Tom Robinson, the jury--as Atticus had already
predicted--seems to have made up its mind before the trial began. The fact that the jury
was all-white and that Tom--a Negro--was accused of raping a white woman, it did not
bode well for Atticus' defense. However, he certainly made it clear to the readers--if
not the jury--that Tom could not have assaulted Mayella. Atticus proved that the marks
on Mayella's face could only have been done by a left-handed man; Tom's left arm was
crippled. Bruises were found all the way around Mayella's neck; again, Tom could not
have caused them with his bad arm. Both Mayella's and Bob's testimony was contradictory,
and Mayella changed her story several times. Sheriff Tate never called a doctor to
examine Mayella, and no rape kit was available in the 1930s. Tom gave his testimony
clearly and without contradiction, and he claims to have run away after Mayella began
kissing him. Since the jury was supposed to have found Tom not guilty if reasonable
doubt was sufficient, they seemed to have ignored virtually all of the
testimony.

Explain in detail Ponyboy's and Johnny's escape and the reasons/motivations behind it in The Outsiders. Thanks.

After Johnny and Ponyboy were attacked in the park by the
Socs, Johnny was forced to stab Bob Sheldon, who was trying to drown Pony. They knew
that no one would believe their story; the other Socs, they believed, would claim that
Johnny had killed Bob for no reason. So, they decided to leave town and hide out until
things had cooled off. They hunted down Dally, who was at Buck Merrill's house, and told
him what had happened. Dally, though worried, was proud of Johnny and Pony, and he had a
plan. Dally had already discovered a great hideout in case he was in a situation similar
to his friends': He told them to hop a freight train and take it to Windrixville, where
there was an abandoned church just outside of town. Before Johnny and Pony left, he gave
them some money and a pistol for protection. They followed his instuctions, and they hid
inside the church until Dally came to see them after nearly a week. By the time Dally
arrived, Johnny had decided to return and turn himself in and hope for the best. The
church fire, and the boys' heroic actions in saving the children trapped inside, made it
much easier for Ponyboy upon his return. For Johnny, the burns and injuries he received
proved to be fatal, but he died knowing he'd saved the innocent children
inside.

How can we describe the character of the mestizo in Greene's The Power and the Glory?

The mestizo, a word once used to describe people of mixed
European and Native American ancestry, is a symbolic character that is not fully
developed. Graham Greene developed the mestizo only so far as to fulfill his symbolic
function so he remains a flat character who never develops and so is static. His
symbolic function is that of representing the Judas figure in the whisky priest's
life.

The encounters between the whiskey priest and the mestizo
provide opportunities for the whiskey priest to attain or reclaim some higher purpose in
his own call to the priesthood--he can step outside of his own barriers of guilt and
inadequacy and do something for someone in need.

The mestizo, the
recipient of the whisky priest's kindnesses, is belligerent and ungrateful and turns his
back on the priest by tracking across the border. While he is thankless and heartless,
he is greedy and asks the captured priest to pray for him. The mestizo thus symbolizes
the betraying Judas figure in the story. Nonetheless, he is not wholly without sympathy
because we see him through the priest's eyes while he ministers to the mestizo with
kindness; we see him as the priest visualizes him:

readability="10">

When you visualized a man or woman carefully,
you could always begin to feel pity .... When you saw the lines at the corners of the
eyes, the shape of the mouth, .... Hate was just a failure of the
imagination.

In the poem 'My Parents' by Stephen Spender, how is the theme of social inequality conveyed?

There is no hiding the fact that there is a noticeable
break between who Spender's parents wanted him playing with and who they  did not (in
the poem "My Parents Kept Me From Children Who Were
Rough").

From the very beginning line, a reader can tell
that stereotypes were a great part of deciding who Stephen could play with. It seems
that Spender's parents found problems with anyone who fit the following
descriptions:

-Children who were
rough

-Children who spoke inappropriately and without
filtering or concern

- Children who worn torn
clothing

It seems that Stephen's parents found children
like this to be social outcasts whom belonged to lower class families (most cued by the
description of torn clothing).

Therefore, the theme of
social inequality is conveyed through the negative connotations assigned to the children
Stephen was not allowed to play with. In this, one could assume that Stephen did not
wear torn clothing, did not use offensive language, and did not play/act
rough.

This shows the reader that only those who did not do
these things were considered good enough for Stephen to associate with. By setting up
negatives, Spender automatically shows the opposite side through inference and
assumptions based upon the reader's knowledge of social
stereotypes.

Explain the symbolism in the description of Simon's body going out to sea in Lord of the Flies

The passage where Simon's body is swept away by the sea
describes nature in brilliant detail. There is discussion of the sun and the moon, the
sand and the water. This beautiful scenery belies the rage and violence the boys have
learned and executed there. There is also an allusion to the supernatural. The moonlight
makes Simon glow: "The line of his cheek silvered and the turn of his shoulder became
sculptured marble." (Golding, chapter 9) Also, it characterizes the moonlight as
creatures that seem to gather around Simon and carry him into the water. Nature is,
literally and figuratively, receiving Simon to herself.

The
fact that the other boys are afforded a chance to remain innocent by not having to deal
with the harsh reality of burying a peer is important to the remainder of the novel.
They cannot face their actions just yet, or they will break down as a society
entirely.

I want to know briefly about the character of Louka in the play Arms and the Man by George Barnard Shaw.

An ambitious maid in the Petkoff household, Louka seems to
be an example of the Shavian "new woman"who is  very clever and desperate to rise above
her station. Louka who is believed to have been betrothed to another servant of the
Petkoffs, Nicola, is attracted to "Raina's soul's hero" and the "hero of Slivnitza"
Major Sergius Saranoff. The hypocritical Sergius too feels attracted to her and flirts
with the maid behind Raina's back. It is Louka who comes to know all about the secret
presence of Bluntschli in Raina's bed-chamber and about Raina's love for this
"chocolate-cream soldier". She tries to break up Sergius's relationship with Raina when
Captain Bluntschli returns. Louka manages to trap Sergius to compel him to marry her as
she refuses to marry Nicola who, she believes to be all too
servile.

Who is "Pride" and who is "Prejudice?" Explain.in Pride and Prejudice

Jane Austin's Pride and Prejudice
shares a quality with Austen's other novel, Sense and Sensibility,
in that the titles of each story represent the two strongest forces that drive the
narrative, both manifested in the two main characters.

In
this case, Pride would be Darcy. Darcy, himself, admits that he is quite proud of his
family name, and that he sees nothing wrong in adopting a persona that shows how proud
one is of the things one has achieved.

Unfortunately,
Darcy's tendencies and behaviors make him look haughty and snobby rather than sincerely
proud of himself. Yet, Darcy (as we see in the end) is not really as stuck-up as he
acts: He simply has been raised with a clear understanding of his family legacy and the
need to distance himself from people that are not his equals. This is a tendency more
than a chosen behavior. The fact remains that Darcy is simply a proud man who, in time,
learns to separate pride from snobbery.

On the other hand,
Elizabeth does not see any of this. She also has a bad tendency and that is to take
things at face value without analyzing any deeper. She immediately labels Darcy as a
proud man in every bad connotation that the term implies. Not enough with that, she
allows every information about Darcy that comes from someone as creepy as Wickham to
influence her opinion of Darcy even more. In other words, Elizabeth is completely
prejudiced against Darcy (and people like Darcy) from the very
beginning.

Therefore, Darcy is Pride, while Elizabeth is
Prejudice. Darcy earned Elizabeth's prejudice by acting haughtily, instead of proudly.
He also may have been a bit too proud as a rule. Contrastigly, Elizabeth's prejudice was
caused by Darcy and his friends.The "Bingley Set" (minus Mr. Bingley) did not help much
in changing Elizabeth's perceptions of them. However, in the end, both Darcy and
Elizabeth along with all the pride and the prejudice that prevails in the story, are
able to find a happy medium.

What interrupted the poker game in Part 2 of Fahrenheit 451?

The poker game that is played between Montag, Beatty and
the other firemen is interrupted by Beatty's words to Montag, that insinuate he knows a
lot more about Montag's betrayal and guilt than he will admit at first. Of course,
Montag was already feeling very guilty even before he entered the firehouse, as this
quote displays:

readability="11">

If Beatty so much as breathed on them, Montag
felt that his hands might wither, turn over on their sides, and never be shocked to life
again; they would be buried the rest of his life in his coat sleeves,
forgotten.

Beatty's argument
against books, and the way that he uses a number of quotes to reinforce his argument is
of course what interrupts the poker game and makes Montag throw in his hand. However, at
the same time, the station bell ringing also interrupts the game, and gives Montag the
release of not having to respond to Beatty's taunts.

Who searched for the northwest passage, and what are their names?

Any number of European explorers attempted to find the
Passage; all failed until Roald Amunsen negotiated the passage in the early 20th
century. The common belief of the day was that many rivers ran from one ocean to the
other; therefore rivers were the key to finding the Northwest Passage. Much of the
exploration of Northern North America came from those seeking the passage through
rivers.

The first recorded attempt was by John Cabot (real
name Giovanni Caboti) who was commissioned by Henry VII of
England

to
seeke out, discouer, and finde whatsoever isles, countreys, regions or prouinces of the
heathen and infidels whatsoeuer they be, and in what part of the world soeuer they be,
which before this time haue bene vnknowen to all Christians: we haue granted to them,
and also to euery of them, the heires of them, and euery of them, and their deputies,
and haue giuen them licence to set vp our banners and ensignes in euery village, towns,
castle, isle, or maine land of them newly found. And'that the aforesayd Iohn and his
sonnes, or their heires and assignee may subdue, occupy and possesse all such townes,
cities, castles and isles of them found, which they can subdue, occupy and possesse, as
our vassals, and lieutenants, getting vnto vs the rule, title, and jurisdiction of the
same villages, townes, castles, & firme land so found. Yet so that the aforesayd
Iohn, and his sonnes and heires, and their deputies, be holden and bounder of all the
fruits, profits, gaines, and commodities growing of such navigation, for euery their
voyage, as often as they shall arrine at our port of Bristoll (at the which port they
shall be bound and holden onely to arrine) all maner of necessary costs and charges by
them made, being deducted, to pay vnto vs in wares or money the lift part of the
capital! gaine so gotten. We gluing and granting vnto them and to their heires and
deputies, that they shall be free from all paying of customer of all and singular such
merchandise as they shall be free from all paying of customes of all and singular they
shall bring with them from those places so newlie
found.

Cabot's expedition was
the first English expedition to reach North America. In 1524, Giavanni de Verazanno,
sailing for the French, attempted to find the passage and travelled from Cape Hatteras
North Carolina to the coast of Maine. In a later trip he sailed into the Caribbean sea
where he met the Carib Indians. They were cannibals, and he did not survive the
encounter. Jacques Cartier, sailing for the French, travelled into the Gulf of St.
Lawrence seeking the passage. Sir Humphrey Gilbert, the half brother of Sir Walter
Raleigh, attempted to find the North West Passage and lost his entire fortune on the
expedition. Henry Hudson made two voyages seeking the passage, during the first he
sailed into the Hudson River and on the second into Hudson Bay, where he was set adrift
by his crew. Finally, Lasalle travelled down the MIssissippi River seeking the
passage.

Please give notes on Neoclassical poets especially Dryden, Pope and Goldsmith.

The Neoclassic period, like all other periods, was a
reaction to the period which preceded it, the Renaissance period. The Neoclassists
focused upon the importance of order and restraint. No longer were texts filled with
overzealous ramblings; instead, the texts became simplified by the authors using only
conventional literary devices- and only when absolutely
necessary.

The texts focused upon the ideals as stated by
the classics- this typically involved the order and peace (which came from order)
embraced by the Roman Empire. Neoclassists believed that mankind was constant in their
behavior. Therefore, the ability to succeed or fail has already been proven in the past.
They believed that one should not try to set goals which existed far beyond rational
reasoning; instead, goals should be simplistic so as to insure
success.

John Dryden's poems were created using classic
forms (showing usage of classic ideals) and focused upon the
facts.

Alexander Pope's poems, mirroring Dryden, were
typically written in heroic couplets. But, instead of adhering to the modes of the
classic poets, Pope (in An Essay on Criticism) wished to define
himself as a true poet. In the text, Pope examines the techniques used by the classic
poets so as to define himself as a poet. Pope achieves this by giving credit to the
classic poets regarding their authority on the matter and then shows the importance of
adhering to specific attributes.

Oliver Goldsmith would not
be considered a Neoclassist given he did not adhere to any specific school or ideal. One
could loosely justify "An Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog" as an example of neoclassic
poetry solely based upon the fact that the poem supports sensibility and
decency.

How does what Faber says to Montag about the night's event(s) connect to what Faber says about old age in Fahrenheit 451?

readability="30">

"Pity, Montag, pity. Don't haggle and
nag them; you were so recently one of them yourself. They are so confident that they
will run on for ever. But they won't run on. They don't know that this is all one huge
big blazing meteor that makes a pretty fire in space, but that some day it'll have to
hit. They see only the blaze, the pretty fire, as you saw
it.

"Montag, old men who stay at home, afraid, tending
their peanut-brittle bones, have no right to criticize. Yet you almost killed things at
the start. Watch it! I'm with you, remember that. I understand how it happened. I must
admit that your blind raging invigorated me. God, how young I felt! But now-I want you
to feel old, I want a little of my cowardice to be distilled in you tonight. The next
few hours, when you see Captain Beatty, tiptoe round him, let me hear him for you, let
me feel the situation out. Survival is our ticket. Forget the poor, silly women
....

These are Faber's words
about the night's events. He gives a just reason for why the other firemen cannot
understand what Montag has begun to think about and Faber's age has given him the wisdom
that Montag's youth has yet to afford him.

The major events
of the night included Montag bringing Faber a bible, Montag confronting his wife and the
women she hangs out with about the richness of text, and at the moment that this passage
occurs, Montag is in the firehouse just before the men are called out to his house on an
alarm. I think Faber is trying to show Montag that with Montag's vigor and young and
Faber's wisdom, the two of them could possibly find success to stage this revolt. Faber
tries to show Montag that Faber's fear is good for the two of them because Montag's
courage is about to get them in trouble.

Mariam's mother: "Women like us. We endure. It's all we have." How is this true for women in A Thousand Splendid Suns Afghanistan?

Nana is probably the most pessimistic woman in the novel
A Thousand Splendid Suns, but her statement does ring true
concerning the plight of the female in Afghanistan. In Nana's case, she was a single
mother who was left alone with her child in an out-of-the way hut by the man who
impregnated her. Uneducated, as are most women in Afghanistan, she had no prospects and
nothing to love aside from her daughter, Mariam. When Nana found that Mariam had gone to
visit her father, she hanged herself, since, in her mind, there was nothing else worth
living for. Her life was simply one of surviving--enduring--the hardships of life in a
country where women's rights were few. Mariam and Laila also sufferered similar
existences during their life with Rasheed; wearing the burka and being forced into
marriage were just two of their indignities. As do many conservative Afghan men, Rasheed
insisted that his two wives obey him completely, and brutality was usually his answer to
any of their transgressions. Afghani law, which allows women few equal rights with
men, supported his actions. In such a repressive society, there was little else for the
women to do but obey their husband and take life one unhappy day at a
time.

According to ASA's six-point system a patient with mild systemic disease would be classified as:A. P1 B. P2 C. P3 D. P4

The American Society of Anesthesiologists created the ASA
Physical Classification System in 1941 as a way to assess a patient prior to
administering anesthesia or performing a procedure. Since then, it has come into common
use in the medical profession.

A patient with PS1 status is
considered to be of normal health and free of disease.

A
PS2 patient such as you are asking about is one who has mild disease of a single body
system, but is showing no physical limitations. This patient can engage in moderate
physical exertion successfully. Patients with a controlled disease, such as a diabetic
whose blood sugar is controlled by medication, would fall into this
category.

Patients at PS levels 3 and 4 are showing
increasing debilitation; those at PS 5 are moribund and not expected to survive more
than 24 hours. PS level 6 patients are clinically brain dead, and their bodies are being
maintained for organ harvest.

In "Eric is four years old," would you consider "four years old" to be an adjective because it is describing Eric.What I mean is are ages...

This is a complicated question because of the analysis of
"four" and the distinction between (1) class of word or phrase and (2) function of word
or phrase. In the phrase "four years old,"
four is a noun, as dictionaries define
it to be. Yet it functions as an adjective modifying
years and answering how many years:
four.

The phrase "four years old" is
therefore analyzed as an adjective phrase as it begins with an adjective headword:
four. In another approach it might be
tempting to analyze the same phrase as a noun phrase with
four functioning in the capacity of
its other definition as a determiner
(actually, determiners at one time were in the word class of adjectives); with
years in the position of noun phrase
headword; and old finishing the
collocation "years old" as a postpositive adjective of the noun
years.

The
interesting thing is that whether you analyze "four years old" as an adjective phrase or
as a noun phrase, the sentence analysis reveals that "four years old" fills the Subject
Complement slot and adds additional information to the Subject
Eric. Subject Complements may be
filled by either (interestingly enough) an adjective phrase or a noun phrase. The result
is that whether "four years old" is analyzed as an AP or an NP, the same phrase function
of Complement is disclosed.

Adjective
Phrase:
Eric (N; Subject) is (V;
be- linking Verb) {[AP: four
(Adjective Headword) years (N; Complement of Subject) old (Adj; Postpositive Modifier of
Complement)]; Subject Complement}.

Noun
Phrase:
Eric (N; Subject) is (V;
be- linking Verb) {[NP: four (N;
Determiner) years (N; Complement of Subject) old (Adj; Postpositive Modifier of
Complement)]; Subject Complement}.

However, it is not correct to
simply analyze "four years old," in “Eric is four years old,” as an adjective modifying
"Eric." Since the words follow the Verb, then they must be described according to their
function in relation to "Eric": Subject  Complement. Also, simply calling them "an
adjective" confuses the phrase with another function when the words are slightly
modified and in prepositive placement as "four-year-old Eric." In this phrase,
"four-year-old" is a hyphenated compound word that functions as a single unit in the
word class of adjective: "Up at bat was four-year-old Eric." In this usage, the three
words have the same analysis as previously: a noun serving as adjective headword, noun,
postpositive adjective, but since they are a single compound unit positioned before
“Eric,” they function now as a single adjective modifying the noun
"Eric."

Identify leadership qualities and quotes from Animal Farm that can be used in a persuasive writing piece.

If the topic of the persuasive writing piece is about the
nature of leadership in the novel, look no further than the first chapter.  Old Major is
really quite inspiring with his passion, focus, and zeal regarding how the animals are
both oppressed and how change is needed.  I think that this is one great example of
leadership in that it shows how leaders identify a particular challenge and then
motivate others to buy into their vision in solving the particular problem.  Old Major
is most persuasive because he shows the animals what is and then leads them to a vision
of what can be.

Snowball is a really good example of a
leader, as well.  Pay attention to how he talks to Mollie about the ribbons and sugar
that are not going to be needed after the revolution.  Snowball was able to interact
with all of the animals and talk to them about the revolution.  This is representative
of how leaders cannot lose sight of the people that they must guide.  Snowball does not
separate himself from those he is meant to lead.  He guides them, constantly working
with them and interacting with them.  In doing so, Snowball demonstrates how leaders
must be in touch with people and not isolate
themselves. 

Napoleon is such a prominent example of
leadership, I think that he doesn't even need mentioning.  Certainly, if one is looking
at how leadership is strength, Napoleon embodies this with so much of what he does. Yet,
I would like to say that Clover is an excellent leader, a matronly figure on the farm to
whom other animals for guidance and support.  She is constantly concered with the other
animals' well being.  From the first chapter, she is driven by others' needs, looking
out for the smaller animals who listen to Old Major's speech.  Looking out for Boxer
when he is both well and when he is sick, and constantly interacting with the other
animals about the current state of affairs on the farm.  She is not one who leads a
revolution or counter- revolution, but she shows compassion, which is a quality of good
leadership.  Leaders cannot expect to go far unless they identify with others and Clover
does this.

According to Guns, Germs, and Steel, why do societies merge, from Egalitarianism to Kleptocracy Chapter 14?

On page 289 (in the paperback edition), Diamond gives us
an answer to this question.  He claims that societies never merge voluntarily.  He says
that there are only two ways that mergers occur.  They occur "under the threat of
external force" or they occur when one society conquers
another.

The second of these is self-explanatory but the
first is less so.  Diamond argues that there are times when two or more societies merge
together to help each other be better able to resist aggression by some outside force. 
Diamond gives the example of the Chreokee Indians.  This tribe was originally divided
into 30 or 40 independent groups but those groups merged in an attempt to gain more
power and be able to resist the white settlers who threatened
them.

Thus, Diamond argues, societies merge involuntarily. 
They can merge through conquest or they can merge in an attempt to defend themselves
against a powerful foe.

How have the silence and emptiness of nature proven fulfilling to Montag after his former life and the pursuit of books in Fahrenheit 451?Consider...

That is a loaded question, but I will begin to answer
it.

Montag's former life was filled with technology. There
was so much automation that relationships and the meaning of life suffered. Montag did
not have to think, he just had to respond. This is clearly shown in the morning after
Mildred's stomach is pumped, because the scene places the two of them being served
breakfast by machines. This was just a subtle glimpse of what the technology must have
been like.

After meeting Clarisse, Montag knew there was
something more to this life, and this began his pursuit of books. He thought there was
something real in them.

When he finally arrives in the
great expanse of nature, he realizes that there are great details in nature, and they
are soothing. He found great licorice smells and weeds that arose "like a child". He
found a fire after walking the tracks that drew him in, not because he was a consumed
fireman, but because of the warmth that it provided to those sitting around it. The big
difference between his life prior to this moment and now is the fact that before his
life was fixed and meaningless. Now, his life is rich and
purposeful.

The silence and emptiness of nature gave him
time to comprehend all that Clarisse had described as beautiful in this world. The
moments walking along the tracks let him comprehend the sights and smells since he
wasn't flying in a beetle at 200 miles an hour.

Where in Guns, Germs, and Steel do you find the difference between proximate and ultimate factors?I know what they are, but I need to know where...

There are a number of places in this book where you can
find Diamond discussing the difference between proximate and ultimate
factors.

The first place where Diamond gives a useful
definition (or a hint at one) is in the Prologue.  On page 23 in the paperback edition,
Diamond tells us that proximate causes are those that identify "immediate causes." 
Still in the Prologue, on page 28, Diamond tells us that ultimate causes are the ones
that lead to the proximate causes.

The best place to see a
graphic illustration of the difference between these types of factors is in Figure 4.1,
on page 87.  There, Diamond gives us a flow chart that shows how ultimate factors led to
the proximate factors that made European countries stronger than those of the Americas
and other such places.

While there are many other mentions
of proximate and ultimate causes, these three should serve to illustrate the meaning of
these concepts.

How Gaddafi was destroyed (in comparison to Shakespeare's Macbeth)?Was it through his own ego or ambition?

This is where a fundamental problem lies in comparing
Macbeth to Gadaffi.  He is still in power.  He hasn't gone anywhere.  He has not had the
epiphany that Macbeth has experienced in terms of the illegitimacy of his power. 
Gadaffi still believes that he is the victim of a campaign by the West.  He does not
seem to be relenting, even when nearly everyone in the international community is
awaiting his departure from office.  He is not
destroyed.

This becomes the fundamental challenge that will
be there in comparing Macbeth and Gadaffi.  It is because of this that a better
comparison might be with their personalities and how they approach the issue of power. 
One cannot really compare both of their characterizations because Macbeth was destroyed
by his own ambition, something that he, himself, understood all too late.  Gadaffi is
settling in for a while.  He is not leaving and even though the pressure of the world is
on him, he does not seem that he is close to departing from
office.

wilde's art of characterization in the picture of dorian gray

We find that in Oscar Wilde's The Picture of
Dorian Gray the author intends to present to us with a character whose
presence causes a number of extraordinary reactions in those who meet
him.

Dorian Gray, a dandy, is a man of unique personal
beauty who seems to cast a spell on every person he knows. This is, in part, because he
is hiding a big sin: He sold his soul by wishing that his picture would grow old instead
of him. When his wish is granted (Wilde does not attribute this odd miracle to anything
in particular) the picture not only begins to age (while Dorian remains young), but
Dorian himself becomes a creature of evil, looking good as always in the outside, but
committing horrid things in the underbelly of London.

This
being said, what Wilde intends to do with Dorian is to attribute him the power of both
creation and destruction, all caused by his immense beauty. This is Wilde's own
reflection on his adoration for physical attractiveness in men, as a classic, Greek
ideal.

Basil Hallward is the person most affected by Dorian
Gray. It is through Basil's fascination with Dorian that we get to understand Wilde's
purpose. Here is an example of when Basil met Dorian:

readability="17">

I turned half-way round, and saw Dorian Gray for
the first time. When our eyes met, I felt that I was growing pale. A curious sensation
of terror came over me. I knew that I had come face to face with some one whose mere
personality was so fascinating that, if I allowed it to do so, it would absorb my whole
nature, my whole soul, my very art itself. I did not want any external influence in my
life. You know yourself, Harry, how independent I am by nature. I have always been my
own master; had at least always been so, till I met Dorian
Gray.

Hence, Dorian Gray's
description is meant to cause both attraction and rejection, fear and curiosity. Above
all, he is to be characterized as temptation itself would be: Lovely to the sight, but
bad for the soul.

readability="9">

Then—But I don't know how to explain it to you.
Something seemed to tell me that I was on the verge of a terrible crisis in my life. I
had a strange feeling that Fate had in store for me exquisite joys and exquisite
sorrows. I grew afraid, and turned to quit the room. It was not conscience that made me
do so: it was a sort of cowardice. I take no credit to myself for trying to
escape.”

 If you notice, the
character of Dorian exhibits all the elements of sin: Temptation, Action, Emotion,
Destruction. That is what ultimately he really represents.

What was the explanation given by Macbeth to the others after he killed the two guards—why does he kill them? After all, who would believe the...

In Shakespeare's Macbeth,
when Macduff arrives to collect King Duncan so that they may continue with Duncan's
travels, pandemonium breaks out when it is realized that Duncan has been murdered.
Macbeth says that when he saw Duncan dead, he lost his head. Who wouldn't?—he
implies.

Here
lay Duncan,

His silver skin laced with his golden
blood,

...who could
refrain,

That had a heart to
love...

Macbeth notes that he
is so overcome by fury that he kills the guards without thinking because he was so
horrified by what "they" had done. The true reason Macbeth kills the guards is so that
they cannot raise suspicion regarding the King's death—they cannot say they heard sounds
in the night or that they felt drugged, etc.

The
guards could raise doubts about how the King actually died, and
this is a concern for Macbeth. He wants nothing to stand in his way of the throne.
Fortuitously, Malcolm and Donalbain flee in fear of their lives. For Macbeth, what could
be better than that he comes straight to the throne because his cousins have run
away?

The only other thing Macbeth needs to be careful of
is Banquo: he is the only person aware of the witches' prophecies for Macbeth, which
would also raise suspicions of Macbeth's involvement, especially in that Duncan died
under Macbeth's roof.

What are five literary devices in "The Masque of the Red Death" and "The Raven" by Edgar Allen Poe?

Edgar Allan Poe is famous for his Gothic works containing
tales of horror, the macabre, and death. One of his most famous poems is "The Raven"
which was published in 1845. "The Masque of the Red Death" was one one Poe's seventeen
short stories- it was published in 1842.

Both the poem and
the short story contain multiple literary devices. Poe is renowned for his imagery and
voice in his writings.

In the poem "The Raven", one can
find the following literary devices:

Assonance- the
repetition of vowels sounds within a line of
poetry

Alliteration- the repetition of consonant sounds
within a line of poetry

readability="7">

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered
weak and weary,

This line's
use of the "ea" sound in dreary and weary create assonance. The line also repeat es the
"w" sound in the words weak and weary. This is
alliteration.

Repetition- the use of a word, or phrase,
over and over again

Onomatopoeia- the use of a word which
represents a sound (like bang, splash, zoom)

readability="10">

suddenly there came a tapping,
As of
some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.
`'Tis some visitor,' I
muttered, `tapping at my chamber door
-

The repetition of the words
"rapping" and "tapping" create a sort of onomatopoeic sound. By using the words over and
over, the sound can be "heard" by the reader. This is the sound, "tap" or "rap", which
one makes on a door when knocking.

Personification- the
giving of human traits or abilities to non-human, non-living
things.

Quoth
the raven, `Nevermore.'

A
raven cannot actually speak-words which man can understand- therefore, this shows
personification given the raven is speaking actual words to the speaker of the
poem.

As for "The Masque of the Red Death", there are
multiple literary devices embedded as well.

Imagery- the
use of words which appeal to one or all of the five senses (sight, touch, taste, sound,
smell)

Blood
was its Avatar and its seal -- the redness and the horror of
blood.

Here, the imagery
associated with blood covering the country appeals to sight. An active reader can
visualize blood and the covering of blood as being seen
everywhere.

Hyperbole- the use of exaggeration to evoke
feelings

In an
assembly of phantasms such as I have painted, it may well be supposed that no ordinary
appearance could have excited such
sensation.

Here, the narrator
admits that his descriptions of the scene are detailed (or exaggerated) to the point to
excite the senses, mainly fear.

Explain how the new learning and technology of the Renaissance facilitated European exploration and expansion.

The Renaissance was a time of renewed interest in learning
and technology. As  a result of this "rebirth" in learning, a number of technological
developments long known to Islamic sailors came into use in Western Europe. Among them
were the Compass, which aided in navigation, and the Astrolabe, which enabled ships to
navigate by the stars. Previously, they had navigated by the position of the sun in the
sky. The adoption of the lateen sail enabled ships to tack against the wind, rather than
wait on favorable winds. These developments allowed ships to navigate and sail long
distances outside the sight of land and not lie idle during contrary winds. 

Much of the renaissance learning regarding navigation and sailing was
the work of the school of navigation founded by Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King
John of Portugal. Henry had an intense interest in exploration and in spreading
Christianity. His school of navigation led to the first explorations of the African
Coast below the Cape.

What are three examples of each of the four freedoms being either expressed or denied in To Kill a MockingBird?The four freedoms are freedom of...

FREEDOM OF SPEECH.  I don't
recall many specific examples of freedom of speech being denied, although Scout realizes
that, as a child, she is not always welcome to voice her opinion; an example is at the
missionary tea, when she holds her tongue while the "ladies" are making fun of her. Jem
also holds his tongue during his initial dealings with Mrs. Dubose--before he destroys
her camellias. Atticus obviously voices his opinion during his courtroom summation of
the Tom Robinson trial; and Miss Maudie always speaks what's on her mind, particularly
at the missionary circle tea.

FREEDOM OF
WORSHIP.  I don't believe anyone is denied to worship freely, unless you
count the fact that Maycomb's Negroes must go to their own church; blacks were not
allowed at the white churches. Mr. Radley is devoutly religious, but he rarely attends
church. Atticus attends the Methodist church, while Miss Maudie chooses to attend the
Baptist church.

FREEDOM FROM
WANT.  The Cunninghams are dirt poor, and Walter comes to school without
lunch. Bob Ewell spends all of his money on liquor, leaving his kids hungry and dirty.
Dill, on the other hand, gets plenty of gifts from his parents; however, he receives
little attention from them--the thing he wants
most.

FREEDOM FROM FEAR.  Many
of the Finch neighbors fear going out late at night because of the rumors of Boo
Radley's bloodthirsty nature. Atticus fears that Tom Robinson will be taken from the
jail and lynched. The Finch family fears Bob Ewell after he makes threats against
Atticus following the trial.

Did Steven Spielberg accomplish his goals in the movie Schindler's List?

I think that Spielberg did accomplish his goals in setting
out to make a film based on Keneally's book.  Fundamentally, one of his goals was to see
if he, as an artist, was mature enough in his craft to take a movie about the Holocaust,
something of the magnitude of the book.  This was something that had been gnawing at
Spielberg, whose primary credits were associated with massive money making ventures or
films that were "light."  Spielberg's prior foray into the realm of profound and
sensitive topics primarily centered on his film of Alice Walker's work, The
Color Purple.  The film was largely received well, but it did not enhance
Spielberg's stature as a film director who could take films on sensitive topics and the
"artistic" endeavor.  At the same time, Spielberg felt compelled to develop Schindler's
List in the wake of the Bosnian atrocities in the early 1990s and the rise of denying
the Holocaust.  In both avenues, I think that Spielberg accomplished his purpose in that
his work is a stunning refutation to those who would deny the Holocaust.  It is also a
work of art that speaks quite passionately to the idea that the Holocaust cannot be
ignored and forgotten.  In this, I think that Spielberg's goal was
accomplished.

In Chapter 11 of A People's History of the United States how close did the two races in the South come during the populist struggles?

In Chapter 11 (page 286 of my edition of the book), Zinn
quotes the famous historian C. Vann Woodward as saying that the two races were never
closer than they were "during the Populist struggles."  Zinn does not dispute this
statement.

However, Zinn does point out that there was a
great deal of racial tension even among the Populists.  The Populists were ambivalent on
the issue of race.  For example, he points out that a Populist-controlled legislature in
Georgia passed more anti-black bills than any other legislature had in a single year. 
Yet, in 1896, the Populists in Georgia had a platform that denounced lynching.  Some
Populist groups had large black memberships while others did
not.

The record, then, is mixed.  Even so, Zinn seems to
agree with Woodward that the two races came closer together during the Populist era than
they ever had before.

Old Major warns the animals not to be like Man. However, Orwell gave them the abilities to speak and reason, human quailties. Why?

This story is an allegorical fable. Fables are not true
but told to prove a point, thus Orwell took some creative license to build the story.
When allegory is used, it is meant to represent on several levels
something that is real. In this case, as the story is unfolding readers of that current
time would have recalled the situation of the Russian Revolution which Orwell modeled
his book after. For every generation since the original publication, it has been a
sincere warning to watch that revoltions or modifications in government should work to
always remember the people, as Old Major was trying to point out.

The abilities to speak and reason give Orwell the ability
to create differing intellects among the animals so that a certain breed could take over
and become the new government by the end of the story. If one group did not have ability
to be better in some way than the others, the story would not have been able to prove
the point by the end.

How were obstacles between Beatrice and Benedick overcome and true love preserved in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing ?

In this play of Shakespeare it is not so much how true
love conquers obstacles but Shakespeare's major theme of appearances vs. Reality and
social expectations, in his tragedy's such as Macbeth we see how deception can have
devastating results, but in this comedy, he simply alludes to the potential tragedy that
lies in the antics of those who, apart from Don John, have good
intentions.

But in answer to your question, love brings
together characters, Beatrice and Benedick, character's who themselves have said they
will never marry. They are both strong characters, witty and independent, love creates a
situation in which they no longer have to be alone. Their love also shows some deep
realisations for both characters about the ideals they have so far lived under. Both are
quite unaware of how sharp their wit is and the adverse effects it can have on those to
whom it is directed. But together they seem to moderate each other a bit and become more
aware of what they say. Their love has shown a development of their characters.
Shakespeare alludes to the fact they had a relationship in the past which was ended due
to Benedicks antics, and clearly Beatrice has not forgiven him, while Benedick obviously
does not see it as his problem. Both hide behind their quick wit, showing beneath the
surface they are both very sensitive. Beatrice is actually a very venerable character as
is Benedick, and when their love develops they embrace it as this venerability can no
longer be seen as a weakness but an endearing trait. So essentially love brings out a
truth in their characters, an acceptance of their lives and the fact happinness can
actually be found from love and it is not weak to admit
it.

For Hero and Claudio (Claudio being a much weaker
character in comparison) their love perhaps cannot be considered as true love. Claudio
asks Leonnato if Hero is his only heir, alluding to his potential desire for significant
economic gain from a marriage. And when Margaret is mistaken for Hero, Claudio does not
seek an explanation or confrontation with Hero immediately, instead choosing to publicly
humiliate her. He is ruled by his quick to fire feelings as opposed to the rationality
someone like Beatrice has which allows her to give Hero the benefit of doubt. Claudio
perhaps is more interested in the idea of love as opposed to love itself of which he is
rather naive. Hero is simply a delightful young woman, polite, generous and loyal. Her
innocence is her most endearing quality, one which Claudio very nearly destroys, but
their love does succeed in the end, showing true love promotes
forgiveness.