Tuesday, January 31, 2012

What is the difference between Impressionism and Expressionism in literature?

To answer your question, one must first define both
Impressionism and Expressionism.


Impressionism was a period
which emerged in the Nineteenth century and was prominent during the 1870s and 1880s.
Impressionistic literature characteristically detailed the author's impression (idea,
opinion, or feeling about something) regarding a scene. Impressionism is sometimes
related to symbolism given that impressionists characteristically offer a description of
life using emotions and sensations.


Expressionism was a
period which emerged during the late Nineteenth century and moved into the early
Twentieth. This movement was most prominent from 1910 to 1925. Expressionistic
literature characteristically detailed


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distorted objective features of the sensory world
using symbolism and dream-like elements in their works illustrating the alienating and
often emotionally overwhelmed
sensibilities.



While both
movements relied upon the senses, Expressionists focused upon the overwhelming aspects
of emotions while Impressionists used emotions to describe life in
general.


Basically, Expressionists are using their emotions
to define their words and Impressionists are using their words to define their
emotions.

Sunday, January 29, 2012

What are some conflicts in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from chapters 1-15?

The most significant conflict from the first fifteen
chapters is the one that pits Huck against his father. Huck is abused, verbally and
physically, by his drunken father, Pap Finn.


Pap wants to
take over the upbringing of his son and find a way to get Huck's money. Huck is
endangered by his father and so must escape from him. 


This
external conflict leads Huck to devise a plan to fake his own death and head down the
river. 


An internal conflict that appears in these early
chapters relates to Huck's moral dilemma. When Huck meets Jim on the island and hears
Jim's story, he realizes that he is going to have to choose sides. He wil either side
with Jim, keeping his secret and helping his run away, or he will side with "society",
agreeing with its laws and morals and turning Jim in. 


Huck
is divided about what the right thing to do is in this situation. He chooses to side
with Jim but remains conflicted.

Saturday, January 28, 2012

Are death and sucide a part of the confessional mode in Sylvia Plath's poetry?

Typical characteristics of Confessional poetry are
:


-The use of "I"
stories


-Descriptions of personal life (including family
trials and personal struggles)


-Craft was true to poetic
conventions and forms


The most famously known
Confessionalists were Anne Sexton, Robert Lowell, and Sylvia
Plath.


Given that the poetry of Sylvia Plath dealt with
themes common to typical works of the Confessionalits (suicide, death, and mental
illness), Plath definitely fits properly into the category of the
Confessionalist.


Her poem "Barren Woman" deals with her
inner feelings about her depression. In the poem "Daddy", Plath openly talks about
murdering her father (perhaps figuratively based upon personal interpretation "Daddy, I
have had to kill you"). The poem "Cut" includes Plath's feelings on injuring herself
superficially to ending her life- "I have taken a pill to
kill."


Simplistically, any work in which one openly
discusses and states personal feelings regarding their own life and the happenings in
their life would be considered Confessional.

Do you think Duncan's remark about inverness is ironical? Comment in the light of Banquo's dialouge.

DUNCAN

This
castle hath a pleasant seat; the air

Nimbly and sweetly
recommends itself

Unto our gentle
senses.


BANQUO
This
guest of summer,

The temple-haunting martlet, does
approve,

By his loved mansionry, that
t
he heaven's
breath

Smells wooingly
here: no jutty, frieze,

Buttress, nor coign of vantage, but
this bird

Hath made his pendent bed and procreant
cradle:

Where they most breed and haunt, I have
observed,

The air is
delicate.





These
are the lines with which act I scene VI of Macbeth begin. King
Duncan, Banquo and others have just arrived at the gate of Macbeth's castle,
Inverness. Duncan's remark is highly ironical because he expresses
a deep sense of sweet calm in amn innocent admiration of the castle and its environment.
But he can hardly apprehend that the castle which he designates as "a pleasant seat" is
soon going to become a horror house of death for him. Duncan's lack of knowledge in this
regard and his spontaneous remark contrary to the impending event make the words spoken
by him so ironical.


Banquo's response is also a piece of
verbal irony. He too does not apprehend anything about Macbeth's
foul ambition as being activated by Lady Macbeth. Banquo continues in the same vein as
Duncan has just spoken. He refers to the " temple-haunting martlet" having
built its nest in some corner of the castle, believing it to be a safe and secure place
full of rest and peace, suitable for procreation and caring the little ones. Banquo too
refers, like Duncan, to the "nimble" and "sweet" air, and feels it to be
"
the heaven's breath". But we know that in
actuality the castle is soon going to turn into a veritable
hell.

Friday, January 27, 2012

What impression does Lockwood get of Wuthering Heights and its inhabitants when he leaves for home for the second time? chapter 2

In chapter 2 of Emily Bronte's Wuthering
Heights
we find Lockwood in a very awkward situation. He enters Wuthering
Heights and, from the moment he goes inside, he sees some of the weirdest relationships
and behaviors that he has yet to see in his life.


The first
thing that strikes Lockwood is the treatment that he is given: Nobody cares about the
fact that he has just come inside from a snow storm, that he is cold, that he needs
lodging, nor that he should be treated at least with some respect as a guest. This is
what would have been typically expected of hosts during Victorian
England.


However, he gets the exact opposite: He is let in
with disdain, ignored for the most part, and openly able to take a part inside the
family drama and dysfunctional structure.


First, he meets a
disheveled young man who constantly argues with a beautiful fair-haired woman. She, in
turns glances at Lockwood with anger and contempt. Things are obviously not well between
the two young persons.


Right after he is quite mistreated
by them, in comes the scary and powerful person of Heathcliff. Heathcliff is the most
hateful of them all. He treats both Cathy and Hareton (which are the names of the young
woman and the messy-looking young man) as servants. However, Lockwood can tell that they
cannot be servants because they sit at table with Heathcliff. As Lockwood inquires
about everyone's identity he receives more and more ugly remarks. In the end, he
realizes that Cathy is Heathcliff's daughter-in-law, that her former husband is now dead
(Heathcliff's son), and that Heathcliff seems to hate
her.


In a similar note, Hareton Earnshaw is also treated
like a butler and Heathcliff makes a clear note that Hareton is not his son. This is
indicative that Heathcliff also thinks very lowly of
Hareton.


In all, Lockwood witnesses a very dysfunctional
family whose members hate each other, and who live under the same roof, eat at the same
table, and share lodgings for whatever mysterious
reason.


It is understandable that Lockwood absolutely
leaves with a horrid impression of these people and vows never to return to Wuthering
Heights again.

Thursday, January 26, 2012

Explain the resolution of To Kill a Mockingbird.

Author Harper Lee ties together the two parts of
To Kill a Mockingbird in the final chapters of her novel. Part One
primarily deals with Jem's and Scout's fascination with the unseen Boo Radley, who they
finally realize is not the ghoulish night prowler that local rumor portrays. By the end
of the first half of the novel, the children have given up their games and attempts to
make contact with him, allowing Boo the privacy that he desires. Part Two centers on the
trial of Tom Robinson and its aftermath. It is apparent that Tom is innocent of the rape
charges and that Bob and Mayella Ewell have concocted the tale. Tom is convicted and
later killed; Bob is not satisfied with the final results, however, and he makes threats
against Atticus and his family. On the fateful Halloween night, the two plots are tied
together when Bob attempts to make good on his threats, attacking Jem and Scout on their
way home from school. It is then that Boo finally decides to make his first appearance
in the novel, coming to the children's rescue and killing Bob in the process. Bob's
death is a fitting end for the man who has caused Tom's death, and Boo becomes the hero,
saving Scout and Jem and earning the eternal thanks of Atticus. In the end, Scout comes
to better understand two of Atticus' favorite lessons: That it's a "sin to kill a
mockingbird" and how one must step inside another man's skin before first judging
him.

What is the significance of having the made-up Terrance Mann in the film, Field of Dreams, as opposed to J.D. Salinger as the reclusive writer...

I think that the very idea of Salinger appearing in film
would have caused a litigious nightmare that the producers would have not wanted for the
film.  I think that Salinger was so protective of his privacy that to be included in
film and in such a public way would have been a vision of nightmarish proportions for
the producers. They must have understood this.  Salinger threatened legal action through
his lawyers against Kinsella in the publication of Shoeless Joe. He
backed off of this claim because of financial reasons.  However, one also would have had
to figure that the mercurial Salinger saw something in the last name of the author as
being mentioned in one of his own writings decades before.  He relented on this end to
be a character in the book, but instructed his lawyers to specifically prevent his
likeness from being present in a film of the book.  The filmmakers understood this,
reason being why Terrence Mann represents every bit of Salinger in the film.  The book's
depiction of Salinger is a bit gentler, but the desire for reclusivity is all there as
well as the disenchantment that he feels about the results of his writing.  Terrance
Mann is also perfect because he is of a different race than Salinger, helping to enhance
both the differences as well as the similarity to him.  Salinger probably did more to
enhance his publicity by demanding not to be in the film, as nearly everyone watching
understood who was being portrayed.  To this end, it is significant that Mann is in the
movie and not Salinger himself.

What is the meaning of the 4th stanza of Eliot's Preludes, especially the lines "I am moved by fancies...Infinitely suffering thing".

A century old this year, T.S. Eliot's Preludes raises the curtain on his great modernist masterpieces, The Love...