Describe the main terms, defintions and concepts of the psychoanalytic theory of development.

Psychoanalytic theory suggests that human development is
largely influenced by progression through stages of psychosexual development. Sigmund
Freud, the father of psychoanalytic theory, believed that children become fixated on
specific objects while in specific psychosexual stages. Frued believed that psychopathy
could result from unsuccessful transition between these
stages.

The stages Frued hypothesized are the oral, the
anal, the phallic, the latency, and the genital stages. The oral stage (birth to 21
months) is marked by oral fixations and Frued hypothesized that the oral area was the
primary erogenous zone. Similarly, the anal stage (2 years of age) is associated with
the 'erogenous zone' of the anus. Frued believed that unsuccessful transition from this
stage could result in anal expulsive or anal retentive character traits. The phallic
stage (ages 3-6) is similarlly associated with the genitalia. The fourth stage, the
latency stage(3-13) is often not described as a stage, and rather as a period between
stages. It signifies the time between the end of the phallic stage and the beginning of
the final stage, the genital stage. The genital stage is the final stage of development
and signifies the development of puberty, along with sexual urges twoards the opposite
sex.

Freud believed that individuals who successfully
navigated these stages developed into 'normal' adults, whereas those who did not were
fixated on certain stages. Most of the psychopathy described by psychoanalytic theory is
associated with events during these stages.