WHy are statisticians asked to complete hypothesis testing?Please provide an example in medicine.

Hypothesis testing can be used in medicine to determine if
a treatment or drug is effective.

For example, a drug
company is developing a new medication to lower blood pressure. They have carried out a
clinical study in which one group recieves a placebo, and the other group receives the
new medication. Throughout the study, blood pressure data is collected within each
group. A statistician can then analyze the data using hypothesis testing to determine if
the treatment was effective or not.

Suppose the researcher
wants to know if on average the blood pressue of the group being treated is lower than
the control group. Let `mu_{drug}` be the average blood pressue of the treatment group,
and `mu_{control}` be the average blood pressure of the control group. Our hypotheses
are so follows:

Null Hypothesis: `mu_{drug} =
mu_{control}`

Alternative Hypothesis: `mu_{drug} <
mu_{control}`

We would then calculate the p-value, and if
it was below a certain threshold, we would reject the null hypothesis in favor of the
alternative hypothesis.

rationalize the denominator: 17x over the fourth root of 9x to the 7th power y to the sixth poweralgebra

if your question means 17x/ (4sqrt(9x))^7*y^6), then the
procedures will be as follows

times on top and bottom
4sqrt(729x^3)

the fraction
becomes

(17x*4sqrt(729x^3))/(4
sqrt(9x*729*x^3)*y^6)

Then the inside of the 4th root
becomes 6561 x^4, and the fourth root is just 9 x

put that
into the fraction

it becomes
(17x*4sqrt(729x^3))/(9x*y^6)

the x cancels on the top side
and bottom

it
becomes

17*4sqrt(729x^3)/(9*y^6)

If
you mean the y^6 is not on the bottom, then just leave it aside and multiply it
later

 this question uses that the fourth power of
something could cancel out the fourth root, so the fourth power of 9x is 6561x^4 and we
had 9x already in the 4th root, so we need to time 729x^3 to the 4th root so that there
would be no more radicals on the bottom of the equation, making it
rationalized

Discuss the climax in The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe.

In Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of
Doctor Faustus, the first step is to identify the climax. This is sometimes a
tricky business, for some readers perceive the climax to be in one place while others
see it somewhere else.

For me, the climax of the play comes
toward the end when there still seems to be some question as to whether or not Faustus
will repent and save his soul or not. There certainly seems to have been some concern on
the part of Mephisopheles and the "powers of darkness," while the Good Angel and the
scholars tried to convince Faustus that all is not lost—that there
is still time to save his soul. All along Mesphistopheles and those with him have done
all they can to distract Faustus when an opening to get out of the contract with the
Devil has presented itself.

In Act Four, scene four,
Faustus contemplates redemption: he remembers the thief on the side of Jesus at the
crucifixion, and recalls that he was saved,
but the thief
repented of his sins, which Faustus does not do—instead
he falls asleep. This is the first inkling that a reckoning is close at hand for the
"magician." Perhaps Faustus just does not care enough. When he has the power and
opportunity to reverse his fate with a few words and a "right heart," he falls
asleep.

In Act V, scene one, an Old Man appears
and encourages Faustus to repent.

This would seem to me to
be the climax: when all hangs in the balance, when it seems as if the Devil could
ultimately lose Faustus' soul after all this. In learning the error
of his ways, Faustus might still be able to go on with his life
while looking forward to eternity with his sins forgiven. This is not, however, the
case.

Even at the Old Man's urging, Faustus believes that
there is no hope for him—that he cannot turn back because the Devil already owns his
soul. By asking Helen of Troy to make him immortal, he gives away his last chance at
redemption because he has not asked God instead.

The rest
of the play is the "falling action" that moves toward the resolution of the plot. At the
start of Act Five, scene two, Lucifer, Beelzebub and Mephistopheles arrive to take
"possession" of Faustus' soul. Faustus does not repent.

The
Good Angel appears again—this time to tell Faustus that he has missed his chance to
redeem himself and his soul, and the Bad Angel also appears—to gloat. Still Faustus
ignores the chance to plead for God's forgiveness.

Between
11:00 and 12 midnight, Faustus expresses his regrets. However, while he believes there
is no hope, he does not even try—on the off chance—to
repent. An ever-loving God might still hear his cry for help. He says nothig,
and at the stroke of twelve, Mephistopheles takes Faustus with him, collecting Faustus'
debt to the Devil.

How does the structure of an organization have considerable impact on the motivation and productivity of employees?

The structure of an organization can have a lot to do with
whether employees feel valued and important.  This, in turn, affects their motivation
and their desire to work and be productive.

If employees
work in a firm that has a very strict and hierarchical structure, they may not feel very
important.  They may feel that they are simply cogs in a machine who work blindly and
mindlessly.  This will lower their motivation and make them less likely to be
productive.  By contrast, employees in an organization with a more open structure may
feel as though their input is important.  They may also feel that their job is more
interesting and stimulating.  Such employees are more likely to feel motivated and to be
more productive.

Where in The Great Gatsby is an example of an allusion?

The Great Gatsby is more noted for
colors, symbols, and images than allusions, but nonetheless there are
some.

One I can recall is the reference to a man named JP
Morgan. This is a financial guy whose work has now become the bank we know today as
Chase.

Biblical allusions are the most common. The image of
Dr. TJ Eckleburg's eyes are regularly alluded to as if they are God's eyes watching over
what man has done with the creation that He gave to man. This is consistent with the
idea that the narrator finds the East void of God and that has caused great destruction
for society.

In chapter 6, Nick narrates about a younger
Jay:

The
truth was that Jay Gatsby of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception
of himself. He was a son of God - a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that
- and he must be about His Father's
business.

This
allusion to God is a direct reference to when Jesus uses the same phrase in Luke 2:49.
This was a young Jesus who spoke these words and it seems at an earlier point, Jay had
been connected to God in some way. But in the current time of the book, that is not the
case.

How does Harper Lee challenge the values relating to prejudice in her times in To Kill a Mockingbird?

Author Harper Lee gives a realistic impression of racial
relations in the Deep South during the 1930s. Segregation rules the day: Blacks and
whites live apart, socialize separately, attend different schools, and congregate at
separate churches. The "N" word is used often, and Negroes are at the bottom of
Maycomb's social ladder--even below the disgraceful Ewells. But there are people who
show tolerance toward all people. Atticus is the most obvious example. He is colorblind
when it comes to whites and blacks, and he treats people of all colors with respect.
When Scout uses the "N" word, he warns her that it is "common"; Scout rarely uses the
word afterward. Miss Maudie and Link Deas are other characters who treat Negroes with
respect instead of like slaves, like Aunt Alexandra and Mrs. Merriweather. Calpurnia is
one black character who is able to mix with both worlds, earning the respect of the
Finch family as well as that of her church. When she brings Jem and Scout to her First
Purchase Church, she breaks the unspoken rule that only blacks are allowed. Jem and
Scout find that the congregation welcomes them politely and
enthusiastically.

Other forms of prejudice are also
addressed in the character of Boo Radley, who is scorned by most of the town because of
his eccentricities and invisibility. Dolphus Raymond is outcast by the white population
because he prefers the company of black people. Scout sees first-hand the prejudice
displayed by the missionary circle tea regarding their views of the Mruna tribe and
Maycomb's own black population. She also recognizes the conflicting rhetoric of Miss
Gates, who hates Hitler's condemnation of the Jews but supports the subjugation of
blacks in Maycomb.

Discuss Doctor Faustus by Marlowe as a tragedy in about 550 words.

It is hard to see any way in which this excellent play
could not be regarded as anything other than a tragedy. Faustus, and the way that he
willingly makes a decision to trade his soul for power and prestige, captures an
archetype that occurs in many stories worldwide. Faustus makes a free decision to make
this exchange, though he ignores the act of repentance that would be enough to let him
escape eternal damnation. Indeed, part of the tragedy lies in the way in which Faustus
is presented as being in hell from the moment he makes his pact. The frivolous and
flippant way in which he uses his powers only reinforces his damnation. The fact that he
is unaware of this highlights the tragedy of the play.

The
way in which the pride and arrogance of Faustus prevents him from repenting directly
results in his eternal damnation. The final scene of the play, where we see Faustus
desperately trying to argue himself out of a situation from which only repentance can
liberate him reinforces the tragedy of the play as we are made to see the way in which
pride, ignorance and fear of punishment prevent him from gaining the salvation that it
tantalisingly within his reach. The ending of the play, indicated by his damnation, is
tragic because of the way that another outcome was always possible, had he been aware of
it and had enough strength to embrace it.