Thursday, January 16, 2014

What were the differences in the GOALS of the USSR, Great Britain, and the US?How did each country try to obtain said goal?

The United States and Great Britain shared a common goal
of defeating fascism both in Europe and in Asia. Those joint goals were first enumerated
in the Atlantic Charter which called for self-determination of all peoples, equal access
to raw materials, economic cooperation, freedom of the seas, and a new system of general
security. There were differences in their ideas about how the war was to be prosecuted;
Winston Churchill once commented that the only thing worse than fighting with allies was
fighting without them. At the Casablanca conference, it was decided that the Allies
would invade the "soft underbelly of Europe" by attacking Sicily and moving on to
Italy.


While the United States and Britain were concerned
with the defeat of Germany and Japan, and thereby fighting on both fronts, the Soviet
Union was only interested in defeating Germany; in fact had Hitler not broken his word
to Stalin by invading the Soviet Union, it is entirely likely that the Soviets would
either have stayed out of the war or come in on the German side. Aside from defeating
Germany, the Soviet goal was also territorial gains in Europe. Churchill had been
concerned about allowing the Soviets to reach Berlin first; but was overruled by
Roosevelt and Eisenhower. He was afraid that the Soviets would have an unfair advantage
at the end of the war if they were allowed to capture large portions of German
territory. Churchill's fears proved to be correct.


The
Soviets only agreed to come into the war against Japan in meetings at Teheran and Cairo;
but only after Germany was defeated. They did declare war on Japan after the Yalta
Conference, and invaded Manchuria, but the war ended shortly thereafter with the bombing
of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There is substantial argument among historians that the
United States used the Atomic Bomb to end the war quickly to prevent the Soviets from
making large territorial gains in Asia.

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