Identify the differences between racism and speciesism.

I think that the fundamental difference between both types
of discrimination relates to where the exclusion takes place.  In the world of racism,
there is a definite division of racial identity amongst humans.  The follower of racism
believes in some type of hierarchy of races.  There is a definite "higher" and "lower"
distinction between races and superiority is based on racial identity.  Those who
advocate racism do so in the established glorification of one race over another or in
the destruction of a particular race, seeing it as a potential threat.  The division
point is drawn within human beings because the racist does not see a particular race as
being human.

In this, one can see how species-ism bears
some similarity.  In this form of discrimination, animals and other organisms are seen
as secondary to human beings.  Essentially, the speciest believes that as a human being,
they are able to do exert control and dominion over other members of different species
because those creatures are not human.  Ruder defines it in this
manner:

the
belief that we are entitled to treat members of other species in a way in which it would
be wrong to treat members of our
own.

In this conception of
discrimination, humanity is seen as representing power over another species.  Both terms
refer to a form of discrimination and exclusion of another entity, both within the human
race and outside of it.