It may be that your textbook has a particular answer that
you are supposed to provide. This is the sort of question that could be answered in
many ways and our interpretation may not be the same as the one in your
book.
That said, I would argue that the one thing that
pulled classic China (by which I mean the Eastern Chou period) was Confucianism. During
this period, China was recovering from a time of great social and political upheaval.
People appeared to be searching for new ways and new values that could guide them. In
this climate, Confucianism arose as a set of values for ordering human society. The
classic texts of Confucianism came to be the source from which Chinese thinkers would
try to find answers for their problems.
Confucianism, then,
was the one thing that was common to Chinese people during this period. It was the one
thing that was used to hold together a vast population in one
state.
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