Hydrogen bonding takes place between the hydrogen atom of
one molecule and an electron pair on a different atom of that same molecule. Hydrogen
bonding will occur where partial positive and negative charges can form within a neutral
molecule because of differences in electronegativity between the atoms within the
molecule.
The most common example is in water where the
hydrogen atom of one water molecule can form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen of another
water molecule. This can happen because the strongly electronegative oxygen atom draws
the bonding electrons toward itself and away from the hydrogen
atoms.
A primary amine is neutral overall but can form
hydrogen bonds between its own molecules in a fashion similar to water. The nitrogen is
partially negative and the hydrogens are partially
positive.
A tertiary amine can be a hydrogen bond acceptor
with another type of molecule but not with itself since it has no hydrogen atoms around
the nitrogen.
Since hydroxyl is a hydrogen bond donor it is
not considered a hydrogen bond acceptor.
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