In chapter 3 of All Quiet on the Western Front, what is Katczinsky's sixth sense?

The battle weary men in Paul's platoon receive
reinforcements, but they are half-starved. "Long time since you've had anything decent
to eat, eh?" Kat asks the new recruits, revealing a tub half full of bean and beef. 
Paul remarks that Katczinsky has a sixth sense.  Somehow he is able to find what no one
else can:  When the men have nothing but metal for a mattress, he finds straw; when the
men are starving, he goes off on his own and returns with hot, baked bread and a
blood-stained bag with horse-flesh.

readability="14">

That is Kat.  If for one hour in a year
something eatable were to be had in some one place only, withing that hours, as if moved
by a vision, he would put on his cap, go out, and walk directly there, as though
following a compass, and find
it.

Of course, Paul
exaggerates here, but Kat is one of those uniquely resourceful people who is able to
deal, steal, or whatever is necessary in order to survive.  He finds what is needed when
no one else can because he has an instinct for survival and he is an experienced
soldier.

who is mildred and how did she influence montag on his journey to self discovery

Mildred is Montag's wife.  She is the exact opposite of
Clarisse.  Clarisse is alive and full of thought and stimulating.  Mildred is boring,
overstimulated by TV and drugs, and not interested in life around her.  After meeting
Clarisse and having the stimulating experience of thinking again, he realizes that he
hardly knows Mildred at all.  He asks her where and when they met ten years ago, and she
doesn't remember, but neither does he.  She doesn't care.  He suddenly remembered
thinking that "if she died, he was certain he wouldn't cry.  For it would be the dying
of an unknown." (pg 44) He asks himself at that point how he got to be so empty.  He
sees her as the life he does not want to have, as the epitome of what the government
wants for all people.  It moves him forward.

How are Elizabeth I and Catherine of Valois (Henry V's wife) related?

Elizabeth I of England was the great-great-granddaughter
of Catherine of Valois.

Catherine of Valois was married to
Henry V as you say.  With him, she had a son who reigned as Henry VI.  Some years after
Henry died, Catherine married Owen Tudor.  With Owen, she had a son named Edmund Tudor. 
Edmund Tudor married Margaret Beaufort, whose great-great-grandfather was Edward III of
England.  Edmund Tudor and Margaret Beaufort had a son who reigned as Henry VII.  Henry
VII, of course, was the father of Henry VIII and Henry VIII was, quite famously, married
to Anne Boleyn.  From their marriage came Elizabeth I.

In what ways was the Iroquois Confederacy like the United States' government?

The main way in which the Iroquois Confederacy was like
the US government was that both were made up of representatives from groups that
originally considered themselves to be separate nations.  The Iroquois Confederacy was
made up of the Five Nations while the US government was made up of (originally) the 13
states.  In both cases, groups that considered themselves independent came together
because of a need to protect themselves from outside enemies. This is the major
similarity between these two entities; they were both made up of formerly independent
nations that joined together as a way to become more powerful and more secure against
external enemies.

Give examples of igneous rocks and describe each rock.

Igneous rock is formed when magma, molten rock from below
the earth's surface, or lava, molten rock that has emerged from below the surface,
hardens into a solid state. There are many different kinds of igneous rocks, depending
upon where they harden and what materials are contained in them. Igneous rocks form
Earth's crust.

Granite is a type of igneous rock. Granite
is formed when magma is trapped and cooled within a crack or other opening in
pre-existing rock below the surface. Because it cools and hardens slowly, granite has a
coarse texture and individual pieces of material can be seen within the
rock.

Cooling occurs much more quickly when lava reaches
the Earth's surface. As a result, igneous rocks that form on the surface have smoother
textures and much finer material. An example of an igneous rock that cooled on the
surface is obsidian.

See the link below for more
information about how types of igneous rocks are identified and
classified.

Compare and contrast the speakers' attitudes towards love in John Donne's poems "Love's Alchemy" and "The Sun Rising."

Many of the poems in John Donne’s Songs and
Sonets [sic] collection deal with varying attitudes toward love.  Certainly
this is true of both “The Sun Rising” and “Love’s Alchemy.” The attitude toward love
expressed in “The Sun Rising” seems idealistic and celebratory, whereas the attitude
toward love expressed in “Love’s Alchemy” seems harshly cynical and
sarcastic.

In “The Sun Rising,” the male speaker begins by
criticizing the sun for interfering with his time in bed with his female
beloved:

Busy
old fool, unruly sun,

Why dost thou
thus

Through windows and through curtains call on us?
(1-3)

The speaker tells the
sun to go bother others, since

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Love, all alike, no season knows nor
clime,

Nor hours, days, months, which are the rags of time.
(9-10)

Throughout the rest of
the work, the speaker extols the mutual affection he shares with his beloved, including
their satisfying sexual relationship.

In “Love’s Alchemy,”
by contrast, the speaker is deeply skeptical about the advantages and happiness love can
allegedly produce.  He seems to emphasize disproportionately the sexual aspects of love
and seems disappointed in the results – an emphasis that leads one to wonder whether he
has truly loved, in the deepest senses of the word, at all.  In any case, he asserts
that anyone who has claimed to have had a sublime experience of love is a liar, and he
ends the poem by cynically warning,

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Hope not for mind [that is, intelligence] in
women; at their best

Sweetness and wit, they are but mummy,
possessed. (23-24)

In other
words, he claims that women are not particularly bright and that they are not especially
satisfying in bed, either. It is possible to argue, however, that the male speaker of
the poem is being mocked by Donne – that his sarcasm and cynicism boomerang, and that
the poem paints a far less attractive picture of the speaker himself than of the women
the speaker indicts.

What are the parts of the plot in the story The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini?Include... What is The Exposition: Here the author describes the...

THE KITE
RUNNER by Khaled
Hosseini

EXPOSITION: 
In the opening chapters, we learn about the history of Baba's family and the
relationship between Amir and Hassan. The area of Kabul, and of Afghanistan, is
described in great detail, as are the various ethnicities of the
nation.

RISING ACTION:   Amir
and Hassan win the kite flying contest, but Hassan is sodomized by a group of boys soon
after while Amir watches without lending assistance. Later, Hassan and his father, Ali,
leave Baba's household in disgrace after Hassan is falsely accused of stealing Amir's
birthday presents (which Amir planted himself). The Russian invasion of Afghanistan
forces Baba and Amir to flee to California. Baba is diagnosed with lung cancer, but he
is able to witness Amir's wedding before
dying.

CLIMAX:  Amir returns
to Afghanistan and is told distressing secrets about his father by Rahim Khan. Amir
locates his nephew, Sohrab, and rescues him from the Taliban, taking a dreadful beating;
but in doing so, he achieves the partial atonement he had been seeking for his past sins
against Hassan.

FALLING ACTION: 
Amir recovers in the hospital, and then determines to return to America
with Sohrab once they receive the proper visas. Before they leave, however, Sohrab
attempts suicide, postponing their return until he is
healthy.

RESOLUTION:  The
resolution comes when Amir returns with Sohrab to California. Although Sohrab is still
distant and far from fitting in with the family, they have a breakthrough when Amir
agrees to run Sohrab's kite in Golden State Park. They win the contest, just as Amir had
done with Hassan many years before, and Sohrab finally breaks a
smile.

What would the plot diagram look like for "A Day's Wait"? Exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, denouement.

EXPOSITION.  Information
concerning how Schatz is not feeling well, leading to a doctor being called to
diagnose that he has influenza.

RISING
ACTION.  The rising action comes as Schatz's illness wears on, and the
boy's actions and responses are seen as
unusual.

CLIMAX.  The climax
comes when Schatz asks his father when he will die, and the father reveals that Schatz
has misunderstood the two types of thermometer
readings.

FALLING ACTION. 
After learning that he will not die, Schatz slowly relaxes and seems better the next
day.

DENOUEMENT.  This can
best be summed up in the final paragraph, when the narrator tells us that Schatz
cries "very easily at little things that were of no importance."

How do I do experiments to show the effect of temperature on germination.experiments with examples

If you are trying to do an experiment to test out the
effects of temperature on seed germination, you need to control for
all other variables, or your experiment will not be valid. That
means setting up identical containers with the same bedding material, the same moisture
level, the same light level, and the same types and densities of seeds, but subjecting
them to different temperatures. Light would be difficult to control in this experiment
unless you excluded it entirely. I would suggest setting up three flats of seeds,
covering them all tightly with aluminum foil to exclude light, and setting one in the
refrigerator, one somewhere out of the way in the house (don't put it in the sun or you
will have huge temperature swings in it) and one in a stable warm spot or on top of a
heating pad.You also need to decide what data to gather. You can simply count sprouted
seeds by visual inspection each day, or you can carefully measure the lengths of the
radicals (baby roots) of each seed after a set number of
days.

Also, if you are doing this experiment at home,
mustard seeds are cheap and grow very quickly. You can get them in the spice section of
the grocery store. Also, if you just want to work on germination, you don't even need
soil; you can line containers with dampened paper towels and put the seeds right on top
of them; the seeds will sprout readily, and the roots will be easy to
see.

The links below may help.

WHY IN THE FORMULA OF SODIUM ACETATE CH3COONa SODIUM IS ALWAYS WRITTEN AT BACK ??? PLZ ANYONE EXPLN IN DETAIL ....

Sodiun Acetate is an organometallic salt. It is the salt
of Acetic acid.Acetic acid has the formula CH3COOH. The hydrogen to be replaced is the
last one. Thus sodium is written at last.

The
reaction can be written as:

H 
O                                     H  O

| 
||                                      |  ||

H-C-C-O-H  
+  Na  -------->  H-C-C-O-Na  +
H2

|                                         
|

H                                        
H

(Acetic Acid)    (Sodium)          (Sodium
Acetate)

Due to the appearence of sodium in the
end of the compound chain i.e. in COO- side the formula is CH3COONa not
NaCH3COO

The sources of differences in ethics between people, companies, and nations.

Since you have tagged your question with health, I will
approach it from the medical ethics angle.

Cultural factors
have a strong influence on people's views of the value of life and the meaning of death.
In cultures where reincarnation is a common belief, death is not viewed as an outcome to
be avoided at all costs, whereas cultures that believe that each individual lives only
once may make much greater efforts to avoid or put off death. These two opposing
approaches affect the availability of critical care, life support, and resuscitation.
They may also affect when and how vigorously an individual seeks treatment for various
maladies.

Another factor is the cultural view of human
equality, or lack of it. In some societies certain classes of people are viewed as being
of less value than members of other groups. In a situation like this, those lower class
members - be it women, people of a lower caste, people of a minority religion, or
prisoners - may not bee seen as entitled to the same standards of
care.

For corporations, the sole objective is to make
money. A company needs to prioritize its activities in order to do this. If individuals
and their doctors are willing to pay for a drug or service, then companies will be able
to provide it profitably, and will endeavor to do so. Whether a company acts ethically
is to some extent in the eye of the beholder, as is evidenced by the debate in the US
over animal testing. Testing medical products on animals was commonly accepted for
decades, but public sentiment has changed, and companies are now being pressured to find
alternatives to animal testing; doing so may be the difference between being profitable
and going out of business.

Describe life for a German Kreigsmariner aboard a U-Boat in the Atlantic during World War II.

Well, I think I would like to take whatever class you're
taking this quarter.  You've been asking some great questions on here the past
week.

Life on any submarine during World War II was
cramped, hot, smelly and dark.  U-boats were among the more advanced submarines of their
time, but this did little to make the life of a submariner any more comfortable.  Upon
leaving port, the U-boat would be crammed with supplies in every available compartment,
and hanging from the ceiling would be nets of sausages, fruit, bread and canned goods. 
Hitting your head on something became a daily occurrence, until you learned how to act
and move on a U-boat.

The smell inside a German submarine
was that of diesel fuel, cigarette smoke and body odor.  Water was strictly rationed, so
you could forget about showering regularly, and almost all aboard would have heavy
beards by the end of a patrol, including the
Captain.

Another aspect of life was terror.  I cannot
imagine being depth charged while confined in a tin can submarine several hundred feet
below the surface.  It had to be the most vulnerable, helpless feeling there was. 
Sailors just had to trust to God or fate or random chance and hope that day was not
their day to die.  But by the end of the war, the German submarine force had the highest
loss percentage of any branch of the German military.

For a
better idea of what life was like under those conditions, watch Das Boot,
a popular German movie wth subtitles, or read Grey Wolf, Grey Sea
by E.B. Gasaway.

Find a quotation from the story to illustrate the author's style of writing and explain the significance of this passage. "The Yellow...

Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" is a
story fraught with the inner terror of the narrator.  As such many of the passages
describe the ruin of those things around her, as well as the omnious feelings of
someone's physical presence.  This presence manifests itself in the mind of the
despairing narrator as someone caught in the hideous yellow wallpaper of the room to
which she has been sequestered. Lying in this room without any other stimulus,
Gilman'snarrator can only think,

readability="22">

I wish I could get well. But I must not think
about that.  This paper looks to me as if it knew what a vicious influence it
had!

There is a recurrent spot where the pattern lolls like
a broken neck and two bulbous eyes stare at you upside
down.

I get positively angry with the impertinence of it
and the everlastingness.  Up and down and sideways they crawl, and those absurd,
unblinking eyes are everywhere.  There is one place where two breadths didn't match, and
the eyes go all up and down the line, one a little higher than the
other.

I never saw so much expression in an inanimate thing
before, and we all know how much expression they have!  I used to lie awake as a child
and get more entertainment and terror out of blank walls and plain furntiture that most
children could find in a
toy-store.

This
passage, certainly, adds emotional impact to the narrative as given an intimate account
of the protagonist's growing feelings of  confusion and obsessiveness with lack of
symmetry in the pattern of the yellow wallpaper.

What are some of the themes of The Odd Couple by Neil Simon?

I think that in many ways, the thematic implications from
Simon's drama are quite profound.  One of the major themes relates the dynamic nature of
relationships.  The relationship between Felix and Oscar, one that is "consummated" of
sorts when they move in together, fundamentally fails because neither one is able to
adapt to the ways of the other.  Marriage and all relationships are shown to fail when
there is only dual monologues, instead of a legitimate dialogue present.  Both Oscar and
Felix never adapt to the other.  Rather, they believe that by simply "being" all will be
well.  In this light, Simon is making a point that all relationships can only work when
there is an acknowledgement of the need to integrate aspects of the other into one's own
state of being.  It is through this whereby relationships can work.  Failure to do so
will result in a relationship failure.

Another real
interesting theme that comes out of the work is how both men learn to be better people. 
Both men learn that conversation and dialogue are necessary for any relationship to
work.  Though their own relationship might not have worked out in the manner each
expected, there is reason to believe that both have changed as a result of their
experience together.  Oscar has become a better husband in terms of paying his alimony
and wishing to reestablish some semblance of communication with his ex- wife and son. 
This is a testament to the communication skills he had to grasp through his time with
Felix.  In living with another man, Oscar might have become better with another woman. 
For Felix, he has changed, when he tells Murray to tell his wife that he "is not the
same man."  What exactly this is is not certain, but there is a spirit of adventure and
excitement that is in Felix now that was not at the start of the play.  Presumably, his
time with another man has made him a happier one.  In this, change is evident in both,
demonstrating that men have the power and capacity to change.  This is a very
interesting and unique theme both in the historical context of the play and in the
modern setting, as well.

What is an example of Man vs. Himself with external conflict in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley?HAS to be external conflict!

This is an interesting and contradictory question, but it
certainly applies to
Frankenstein.

Essentially, your
question is asking for an internal conflict that has external conflict. This novel's
central character, Victor Frankenstein, deals with his own responsibility (internal
conflict) to act on behalf of humanity (external conflict) for the entire book. For the
majority of his actions, his internal conflict is his process through deciding to or not
to act, while the external conflict is the consequence that his decision has for
others.

One particular decision that contains this problem
is his choice to create or not create a partner for the Creature. He feels remorse for
having given the create life with no pleasure, but he recognizes that if he creates
another monster, and a female at that, the two might reproduce monsters who could
destroy humanity. No matter what decision he made, an external being would experience
consequences. At that point, he would have to be in conflict with whichever being he
displeased. For this situation, he chooses to displease the Creature and does not create
a bride for the monster.

Now that you have this example, I
am certain you will begin to see many others in
Frankenstein.

What is the description of the sailing ship in The Cay?

I assume you are refering to the ship that Phillip and his
mother leave on, the S. S. Hato. We can find the answer to your question in Chapter Two
of this excellent novel. In this chapter, we are told that Phillip and his mother are
leaving their father behind because of the way that war seems ever more likely.
Therefore, they are going to leave on this ship, which is describe in the following
paragraph:

readability="10">

Early Friday morning, we boarded the S. S. Hato
in St Anna Channel. She was a small Dutch freighter with a high bow and stern, and a
bridge house in the middle between two well decks... She had a long stack and always
puffed thick, black
smoke.

This is of course the
ship that will be torpedoed by the Germans at the beginning of Chapter Three, resulting
in Phillip finding himself stranded on the sea with nobody else except for Timothy. Thus
their relationship begins, and Phillip is forced to confront his own prejudices and to
get along with Timothy and work together for their mutual
survival.

What is an example of a historic military folly?

The United States can certainly be accused of several
examples of military folly during its history. The belief that the Vietnam War could be
won is a prime example; the possible military intervention in Libya and Iran would
certainly be two others. However, I will focus on two Civil War battles that should have
been avoided: The Battles of Fredericksburg and Cold
Harbor.

At Fredericksburg, the Union army was led by the
indecisive General Ambrose Burnside. Burnside (who is best know for his long facial
whiskers that later became known as "sideburns") made the unwise decision of attacking
the Confederates' heavily fortified position on the hills outside Fredericksburg,
Virginia in December 1862. Confederate commander Robert E. Lee was surprised to see
Burnside strike his Army of Northern Virginia, well-prepared and waiting in their
strongest defensive positions of the war. Burnsided repeatedly attacked the
Confederates, many of whom were hidden behind a stone wall in front of a sunken road,
four ranks deep--a perfect area to defend. Burnside's men made at least 14 individual
charges on Marye's Heights, and each attack was repulsed easily by Gen. James
Longstreet's corps. Union losses were more than 12,000 men--more than double the
Confederate casualties. Burnside was removed from command of the Army of the Potomac
shortly afterward.

Another unwarranted attack came at the
Battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia in June 1863. After several unsuccessful attacks on the
previous days, Generals U. S. Grant and George Meade decided to mass for one last
frontal assault on June 3. The Confederates were in a position that was later called
the

"most
ingenious defensive configuration the war had yet witnessed." Barricades were erected of
earth and logs. Artillery was posted with converging fields of fire on every avenue of
approach, and stakes were driven into the ground to improve the accuracy of gunners'
range estimates. A newspaper correspondent wrote that the works were, "Intricate,
zig-zagged lines within lines, lines protecting flanks of lines, lines built to enfilade
an opposing line, ... [It was] a maze and labyrinth of works within
works."

Grant later admitted
in his memoirs that the attack was a mistake, and the men advancing into the Confederate
fire had seen the day before that their task was impossible. Many Union soldiers pinned
their name and address inside their coats so their bodies could be identified and sent
home afterward. The attack by three Union corps lasted less than two hours. Though
outnumbered by 2-to-1, the Confederates inflicted nearly 7,000 casualties while losing
only 1,500 men themselves.

Tell how it is ironic that bill and Sam become the victims by telling what was expected to happen and what did happen.Short and simple please

Bill and Sam have a brilliant plan to finance a crooked
deal they are planning in Illinois.  They plan to kidnap the son of a wealthy banker in
Summit, Alabama.  It seems quite straightforward.  They would kidnap the boy, ask for a
ransom of $2000, and then return the boy and take off.   They kidnap the boy and keep
him in a cave.  Bill is in charge of entertaining him while he is a captive.  The
problem is that the boy likes the cave and enjoys playing with the men.  He pretends
that he is an Indian chief named "Red Chief" and plans to burn Sam at the stake
and scalp Bill at daylight.  Bill gets nervous and they reduce the ransom to $1500. 
Then the boy hits Bill in the head with a rock from a slingshot, sending him sprawling
 across the campfire, and puts a hot potato down his back.  When they do get a note from
the banker, it does not contain the money they wanted.  Instead it contains a
counterproposal.  He will take the boy off their hands if they pay him $250 and get out
of town quickly. They agree, but they have to convince the boy to go home.  The ironic
part is that they were suppose to get the money for the kidnapping.  It was going to be
easy.  Instead, they ended up paying the man to get his son
back.

What is an example of paradox in Chapter 14 of The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck?

If we are examining a paradox as "the juxtaposition of
incongruous ideas," then I think we have to examine how the Western farmers view their
Midwest and panhandle counterparts.  On one hand, the Western farmers recognize that
there is destitution and a lack of fertile land for farmers.  Yet, rather than recognize
the similarity in predicament, something that might actually help all of them succeed,
the Western farmers become paranoid of the new migrants, seeing them as a potential
threat for unification and one that can take away what is theirs.  This paranoia and
fear is a paradox for one one hand it denies the collective consciousness of all of the
farmers in a difficult time, while on the other it prevents the full cohesion of all
farmers in a unified attempt to succeed.  The interesting aspect here is that "the West"
had always been seen as a refuge for those who were displaced.  Individuals who did not
feel as if they had a home or a place to call their own always felt that they were able
to "Go West" and find a sense of belonging.  Yet, Steinbeck shows the West to be the
home for the same antagonisms and exclusion practices that helped to found it in the
first place.  In bringing out this paradox, Steinbeck helps to raise awareness to the
idea that individuals who wish to overcome the social and economic problems that plague
them, the sense of community and social solidarity with one another and away from
paranoia and fear are the only possible answers.  It is a paradox that the Western
farmers, knowing the struggle of their counterparts, cannot see
this.

I need some help on this one question: Point out three details that help you see the historical period in which the story is set.Washington...

Based upon German folk tales with which Washington Irving
became familiar on his many visits to Europe, "Rip van Winkle" is set in Colonial
America and post-colonial times, shortly after the U.S. Constitution has been written. 
For, he describes the resplendent Kaatskill (Catskill) Mountains "clothed in blue and
purple that rise above the majestic Hudson
River.

1. That Irving's narrative is set during the
   Colonial Period within twenty years of the American Revolution is first evinced in the
   mention of a "rubicund portrait of his majesty George the Third."  This portrait hangs
   at an inn where Rip van Winkle sits on a bench on lazy summer days. (paragraph
   9)


2. After Rip awakens from his twenty-year sleep, he
   returns to the village inn only to find that the painting of King George has
   "metmorphosed" to a man with a sword, blue coat, and cocked hat.  Under the head is
   printed "General Washington."  The indication here is that the American Revolution has
   taken place while Rip has slept. (paragraph 30)


3. Rip is
   disturbed by the fellow with handbills who "harangues vehementsly about "rights of
   citizens--elections--members of Congress and other words that confuse van Winkle. 
   Evidently, the new government of the United States of America has been formed.
   (paragraphy 31)


4. When Rip declares himself a loyal subject
   of the King, he is met with shout of "A Tory!  A Tory! a spy! a Refugee," so the
   revolution must have just occurred. (paragraph
   33)

definition of radio waves and how is it importantdescribe how radio waves are important in life

Radio waves are the lowest frequency waves on the
electromagnetic spectrum. They are made of electromagnetic energy, moving in a wave
pattern, that can pass through both a medium (like air) and also through a vacuum. The
frequency and the wavelength determine what "kind" of wave you get - radio, light,
x-ray, etc.  They all travel at light speed, and all can be reflected or refracted the
way light can.

There are many examples of why radio waves
are significant. Because they can cross space, they are used extensively by astronomers.
Most stars emit radio waves, and by studying these we can learn about the structure and
history of the universe; some of the largest telescopes in the world don't use light at
all, they are so-called radio telescopes.

Radio waves are
also used for communications. In addition to commercial radio broadcasts, radio waves
operate short-wave and citizen's band radios, walkie-talkies, and cell phones. Microwave
ovens use specific wavelengths of radio waves to heat
food.

The other significance is that large doses of radio
waves are known to be harmful to the human body, essentially the equivalent of sticking
your head in the micorwave. This is why so many studies are being done to determine
whether cell phones cause cancer or not. The jury is still out on that at the moment,
but scientists are urging people to be careful, just as a
precaution.

How might one best describe the main ideas presented in Jared Diamond's non-fiction book, Guns, Germs and Steel?

UCLA professor Jared Diamond's bestselling non-fiction
work from 1997 began as a quest to find the answer to a simple question posed by a
friend of his:  How and why is it that throughout human history, European societies have
consistently dominated other cultures?  Diamond's task is an unwieldy one at best, and
although the book was a well-received best-seller, it was also not without its critics. 
Basically, Diamond's research led him to believe that Europeans had access to  favorable
geography which made it easier for them to develop stable agricultural societies; as
these societies inevitably evolved and changed, governments formed, and people began
organizing themselves into social structures and groups.  Stable agricultural societies
eventually develop ways to defend themselves, with the requisite weapons (guns), and
Diamond also argued that agricultural societies tended to expose each other to more and
stronger viruses and bacteria (germs), which became stronger immunities throughout the
generations, immunities that became most helpful during the years of European
colonization around the world. 

____ were introduced by Allan Kaprow in the late 1950s and 60s.These were scripted events that took place over a predetermined period of time with...

I believe that what you are referring to are events known
as "Happenings." Kaprow organized over two hundred "happenings," which were considered
an art form, considered "performance art." Considered either a performance, an event or
situation. While these things were planned, sometimes performers would also improvise.
They could take place in the lofts of studio apartments or in alleys. Because these were
performed for audiences and there were not strict separations between the art
performance and the members of the audience, at times, the audience became a part of
this form of art.

"Happenings" were first developed in the
1950s and '60s; the term "happening" later came to describe any "gathering of interest,
which could be a gathering of people at a pool or billiard hall or musicians at a jam
session. It could even refer to a "fancy formal party."

Please compare the methods used to trick others by the young man in "Dusk" and the astrologer (Astrologer's Day).

The young man in "Dusk" is an expert at playing on the
human emotions. He tests Gortsby's ability to show compassion for his situation. The
young man tells a sad story, and it would have worked had he produced a bar of soap to
confirm his story. When the bar of soap is found, then Gortsby literally runs after the
young man to help him in his financial situation. Even though Gorstby considers himself
cynical, he fell for the young man's sob story. Indeed, the young man is well trained in
playing with people's emotions. Using a really sad story worked, eventually, on
Gortsby.

Likewise, the astrologer begins to share insights
that play on the client's emotions. He begins to talk about how he had been stabbed.
This brings up the visual image for the stranger. He is experiencing the pain and
humiliation of the time he was stabbed years ago. Indeed, the astrologer too is an
expert on playing on the stranger's emotions. The astrologer went right for the client's
weak spot--his emotions.

Although it took a while for both
the young man and the astrologer to win with the emotional story telling, ultimately,
each wins over his audience by telling a really sad story. Both Gortsby and the
astrologer's stranger are gullible. Each fell for a sad story which played on the
emotions. Neither man had his emotions in check, even though both appeared to be cynical
in the beginning. Both lost money foolishly.

In Things Fall Apart, when Europeans arrived in Okonkwo's village, how do the new legal and government practices and institutions differ from those...

You might find it useful to look at Chapter Twenty-Three
of this great novel, in which Okonkwo and the other leaders of the tribe are seized and
arrested deceitfully and then forced to face European justice, which is in stark
contrast to the kind of justice that was part of their culture as depicted in Chapter
Ten, where the villagers are shown to bring their disagreements before a kind of
spiritual entity who then pronounces their judgement. Consider what the District
Commissioner says to Okonkwo and the other men arrested with him and how he paints a
picture of European justice:

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We have a court of law here we judge cases and
administer justice just as it is done in my own country under a great queen. I have
brought you here because you joined together to molest others, to burn people's houses,
and their place of worship. That must not happen in the dominion of our queen, the most
powerful ruler in the world. I have decided that you will pay a fine of two hundred bags
of cowries.

Justice is
something adminsited in a distinctly European fashion as one white man, without
consulting others or any other forms of wisdom, pronounces judgement. This of course is
very different from the tribal form of justice where cases are brought in front of the
whole tribe and everyone agrees with the verdict.

How did U.S Foreign policy affect the development of Latin America?

Throughout American history there has always existed a
special relationship between the U.S and Latin America. Beginning with the Monroe
doctrine (1823), which claimed the U.S, had a natural right to cultivate and colonize
Latin American nations, and that this right was not shared by the U.S’s European
rivals.

In the early 20th century this relationship grew as
the U.S began to advocate for Latin American independence, in exchange for greater
influence and control. The Panama Canal highlights this relationship, as Roosevelt
offered Panamanian independence from Columbia in exchange for allowing the U.S to build
its canal. In addition, the trend of creating “banana republics” in Latin America became
popular. Banana republics were the nicknames for large American owned plantations and
factories that offer work for locals in exchange for the right to sale and manufacture
goods in Latin America.

More recently U.S policy towards
the region has been defined by important transnational themes, such as the Cold war,
drug trade and terrorism. All these issues have caused substantial U.S activities in
Latin America and have undoubtedly affected their development as independent and strong
nations. Many of these nations are still very much developing into truly modern
industrialized countries, in part to the great U.S involvement, aid, and influence in
the area. It is fair to say that the U.S has intervened in all Latin American affairs
and has tried to guide these nations in some ways and exploited them in
others.

Which test is better, the two-pronged test or the totality of the circumstances test?

While this is a matter of opinion, I would argue that the
totality of circumstances test is superior.  The reason for this is that the
two-pronged, Aguilar-Spinelli Test is too restrictive.

With
the two-pronged test, the police must show that they have good reason to believe the
allegation made by a tipster.  If they cannot, they must prove through investigation
that some of the allegations are true.  If they cannot do either of these things, they
must not be given a search warrant.  By contrast, the totality of circumstances test
asks the judge to decide if there is a "fair probablity" that evidence of crime will be
found if a warrant is issued.

I would argue that the
two-pronged test is too limiting.  We know that many people are very reluctant to get
involved in criminal matters.  They do not want their names to be known lest their
identities become known to the criminals, for example.  Because of this, many tips the
police receive are anonymous.  This makes it very difficult to satisfy the two-pronged
test in large number of instances.  A fair-minded judge, applying the totality of
circumstances test, is sufficient protection for the rights of accused
people.

The first four paragraphs of this story emphasize that life is "happening" to Mrs. Mallard and that she is not, for the moment at least,...

The first four paragraphs of Chopin's "The Story of an
Hour", depict Mrs. Mallard (the protagonist) depicts that she is not in control of her
life.

In the first paragraph it is stated that Mrs. Mallard
has heart trouble. This could lead a reader to assume that people are very aware of this
issue and take the most care in dealing with her. What this says is that, because of her
condition, Mrs. Mallard cannot do the things a completely healthy person can do. Her
heart trouble controls her life.

This idea is supported by
the fact that her sister, Josephine, of the death of Mr. Mallard, she told her in
"veiled hints that revealed in half concealing." This shows the reader that, again, her
heart trouble is controlling her life.

After hearing of her
husband's death, Mrs. Mallard reacts with a "paralyzed inability." She, again, has no
control over what is happening to her and her emotions.

In
the forth paragraph, Mrs. Mallard sinks into a chair "pressed down by a physical
exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul." Again, she is
unable to fight against the force pressing her down.

What characteristics of water make it so essential for life on Earth?

Some of the properties of water that make it essential for
life are the following:

As far as inorganic substances are
concerned apart from water only mercury and liquid ammonia can exist as liquids at the
temperature and pressure that prevails on Earth. The fact that water can remain as a
liquid is essential for its use as a medium for the transfer of ions within living
cells.

Water has a very high specific heat. As the amount
of heat required to change the temperature of water is very large it allows water to
remain in the liquid phase over a very wide temperature range. Under normal pressures
water can remain in the liquid phase from 0 degree Celsius to 100 degree Celsius. No
other known substance can remain a liquid in this wide a temperature
band.

Another unique property of water is that unlike most
other substances, the density of water as a solid is less than that of water in the
liquid phase. This makes ice float on water. The low conductivity of ice allows water
below it to remain liquid and at a temperature that can sustain life. In regions of the
Earth where temperatures fall far below 0 degree Celsius, life is able to exist in water
due to the sheet of ice floating above it.

What is "thematology"?i am stuent of m.a. (eng), and couldnt find appropriate answer to my querry....how it helps in evaluating works of art?

Thematology is simply the study or science of ("ology") a
theme. The purpose of thematology is to study a theme typically in regards to
geographical distributed cultures.  While this may seem even more confusing than the
term thematology, consider the phrase once
dissected.

Geographical means relating to geography.
Geography is (according to Google):

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The study of the physical features of the earth
and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by
these.

Distributed means to
give out shares of something or to divide between
many.

Lastly, cultures means (according to Merriam
Webster):

the
customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social
group.

Therefore,
geographically distributed cultures refers to the study of the whole of the earth in
regards to how cultures are affected by their distribution on earth. (How a region
survives given it is mountainous or, how a people survive given their
resources.)

This being defined, themaology refers to themes
which are present regarding collections of works which deal with geographically
distributed cultures.

How does Diamond explain the difference between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic in Guns,Germs, and Steel? How does Jared Diamond explain it?

In this book, Diamond never actually comes out and
explains the difference between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic in so many words.  He
does not say "these two eras were different because..."  Instead, much of the book is
dedicated to understanding the implications of a change from Paleolithic ways (hunting
and gathering) to Neolithic ways (farming).

The most
important distinction between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic is that the Neolithic is
the time during which agriculture was discovered and developed.  Diamond describes the
differences that this causes at great length in many parts of the book.  Basically, he
says that the discovery of agriculture led to more developed societies with higher
population densities.  This, in turn, led to some societies developing "guns, germs, and
steel" while other societies did not.

The difference
between these two eras, then, is that the Neolithic had agriculture while the
Paleolithic did not.  Diamond says much of later world history revolves around which
areas experienced the change to the Neolithic first.

What is the difference between flagella and cilia?

First, let's describe the function of the flagella and the
cilia before indicating their differences. Both, the flagella and the cilia, are basic
parts of the body of cells. As many parts of cells, these two particular ones help the
cell in the process of movement.

Here is how they differ:
The cilia is like a protective cover made of small filaments. The molecule that makes
these filaments is called kinesin, and it creates a reaction within the cells that aids
with moving the cell through the human body. So, it covers the cell and helps her propel
through the blood, plasma, or any fluid. This being said, the cilia is mostly found in
organisms that are multicellular, because their job also helps certain body organs to
work more effectively. One example is the respiratory system: The consistency and ease
of movement of the cilia allows the cells to flow rapidly through the blood stream thus
preventing for dust accumulations or any accumulation of particles to damage the proper
function of the respiratory system. To put it in a mundane way, the cilia are the
"yellow cabs" of cells.

With a similar structure, the
flagella are also made of filaments and tubules that also aid in the process of
transportation and movement. However, instead of kinesin, the substance that aids the
flagella to help move the cell is found in the plasma membrane. The flagella is larger
(longer) than the cilia, but it is also limited because it can only exist in gametes
such as the sperm cell. In other words,the flagella are like a turbo added to gametes to
move faster whereas the cilia is consistently moving at a steady
rate.

They are different, but for each function that they
perform they are equally important.

What is the significance of the following characters in To Kill a Mockingbird: Scout, Atticus, Jem... ... Mr Ewell, Dill, Miss Maudie...

SCOUT.  She serves as
narrator and protagonist. Her loss of innocence is a key theme of the
novel.

JEM.  As Scout's older
brother, he serves as her companion. Jem's growth into adolescence causes him to drift
apart from Scout a bit by the end of the
novel.

ATTICUS.  The
conscience of Maycomb, Atticus serves as the role model not only for his children but
also for everyone else in the town. He is one of literature's most famous
attorneys.

BOB EWELL.  Bob is
the dastardly villain of the novel: a drunken, racist, vengeful man who is perfectly
willing to take out his anger on children and
women.

DILL.  Dill is one of
the human mockingbirds of the story--the best friend of Jem, Scout's fiance, and a
storyteller of renown. However, his parents have no time for him, creating a sadness in
the boy that grows as the story
evolves.

MAUDIE ATKINSON. 
Longtime friend, neighbor and supporter of Atticus, and a loyal adult friend to his
children.

CALPURNIA.  The
Finch's maid, she is considered a member of the family by
Atticus.

AUNT ALEXANDRA. 
Atticus' stuffy sister, she comes to stay with the Finch family during the Tom Robinson
trial and never leaves.

MAYELLA
EWELL.  The woman who falsely accuses Tom Robinson of rape, she actually
lures Tom into her home and kisses him. She is a lonely, pitiful woman who, in spite of
her terrible crime, nevertheless is a sympathetic
character.

LINK DEAS.  A
relatively minor character, he is Tom's (and his wife's) boss who speaks up for Tom in
court.

MRS.
DUBOSE.  A mean old woman, it is revealed that her bad
moods are caused by her desire to rid herself of her longtime morphine addiction. She
dies drug-free after Jem has been forced to visit her each day, reading by her
bedside.

HECK TATE.  The town
sheriff, Heck is not remarkable, but he makes a wise decision at the end of the novel,
saving Boo Radley from the publicity of an investigation following the death of Bob
Ewell.

MR.
UNDERWOOD.  The town newspaper editor, he hates Negroes,
but he is ready to defend Atticus and Tom when the lynch mob arrives at the
jail.

DOLPHUS RAYMOND.  A
wealthy white man who lives with his Negro mistress, Raymond is one of Maycomb's most
unusual characters. He befriends Scout and Dill during the trial and reveals his secret
about the bottle-in-the-bag.

“India’s export markets are still largely limited to the developed countries.” Critically examine this statement.

I would agree with much of the statement.  I think that
India's export markets are still tied to developed countries.  It makes for easy
opportunities and revenue streams to go into trade agreeements with nations like the
United States or England.  The mechanisms by which trade policies are established and in
the development of a quid pro quo system are more readily evident.  It takes less time
and guarantees greater return on investments to do so.  I think that this would be one
of the reasons why India's export markets are still limited or reflected in developing
countries.

However, given the current economic conditions
in so much of the so- called developed countries, though, it might be in India's best
interests to generate long term solutions in working with lesser developed nations.  I
think that it might require India to step outside of its own perception as being
beholden to the "established" economic powers and start the groundwork and
infrastructure needed to generate trade leads in nations that are not "on the radar" as
of yet.  This will require India to engage in initiatives that it normally does not do,
such as initiating diplomatic and industrial contact with new nations, ensuring that new
relationships can be forged and formed with nations that might not necessarily be
emerging at this time.

How is phenomenological interpretation done?Please give poems that use this approach.

A text can be studied phenomenologically by looking at the
experience of a character or narrator or poetic speaker finds them self in and relating
it to experience that might be the phenomenon precipitating text or reaction recorded in
the text. To give an example, a narrator who has been victimized in the past would
typically be shy of environments which are similar. A common way to bring forth
phenomenology is to define an object by a previous experience with it. If a narrator has
been in a car accident, a fear of driving or riding in a car could form. The character,
then, would consciously make a decision about the object (a car) and their feelings
about it.

To example a poem where phenomenological
interpretation can be used, one can examine the poem "Surgeons must be very careful" by
Emily Dickinson.

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Surgeons must be very
careful

When they take the
knife!

Underneath their fine
incisions

Stirs the culprit, -
Life.

While this poem is very
short, it can be simplistically used to describe phenomenological interpretation. The
speaker in the poem has had a previous experience with a surgeon who has not been
careful with the knife. (This could be during a surgery for the speaker or another
person that the speaker knew/ knows/ or heard of.) The anxiety of the surgeon's knife
exists because of past eexperience with a surgery gone bad. The poem lends itself as a
warning to both surgeons and those who are going to go under the
knife.

What are some examples of the specific theme of ignorance vs. wisdom in Act II of The Crucible?

Regrettably, I had to pare this question down from its
original form.  Act II features some fairly powerful elements of ignorance vs. wisdom. 
I think that one of the strongest examples of this is within the dynamic between
Elizabeth and John Proctor.  Both of them start off in the scene as demonstrating a
great deal of ignorance regarding one another.  Elizabeth shows herself to be
fundamentally unable to move past the relationship that John had with Abigail.  For his
part, John feels that he is constrained by his marriage in being constantly judged by
Elizabeth.  Yet, a gradual element of wisdom becomes apparent when both of them become
aware of the social climate of Salem.  Hale's visit exposes John's ignorance on
institutionalized religion, but also begins the process of bringing a sense of wisdom to
how a married couple has to end up taking up for one another and defend one another in
the face of challenge and adversity.  When Elizabeth is arrested, John promises to stand
by her and to get her released.  In this, one sees ignorance replaced with wisdom, a
step towards the eventual redemption that will mark both his character and their
marriage by the drama's end.

What might you expect of volcanoes erupting on other planets similar to Earth, such as Mars or Venus?Venus has a thick atmosphere of carbon...

In terms of mass and radius, Venus
is the most similar to Earth. Venus is about 0.82 Earth masses and 95%
the radius of the Earth. Near the surface of Venus, there is very little wind. The
atmosphere on Venus consists of carbon dioxide (96%) and nitrogen (3%). The atmosphere
is so thick that the pressure at the surface of Venus is 90 times the atmospheric
pressure on the surface of the Earth.  Due to the high atmospheric pressure, the winds
on Venus are also relatively slow. Thus, neither wind nor rain can really affect the
surface on Venus. As a result, volcanic features will look freshly formed for a long
time. Venus shows no evidence for plate tectonics. There are no long, linear volcano
chains. There are no clear subduction zones. Although rifts are common, none look like
the mid-ocean ridges on Earth. Also, continent-like regions are rare, and show none of
the jigsaw fits seen on Earth. Thus, where volcanism on Earth mostly marks plate
boundaries and plate movements, volcanism on Venus is much more regional and much less
organized. In addition, volcanism on Venus shows fewer eruptive styles than on the
Earth. Almost all volcanism on Venus seems to involve fluid lava flows. There is
no sign of explosive, ash-forming eruptions on
Venus, and little evidence for the eruption of sludgy, viscous
lavas. This may reflect a combination of several effects. First, due to the high air
pressure, venusian lavas need much higher gas contents than Earth lavas to erupt
explosively. Second, the main gas driving lava explosions on Earth is water, which is in
very short supply on Venus. Lastly, many viscous lavas and explosive eruptions on Earth
occur near plate subduction zones. Thus, the lack of subduction zones should also reduce
the likelihood of such eruptions on
Venus.

Mars, on the other
hand, is the most distant terrestrial planet from the Sun. The mass of Mars is about
one-tenth the mass of the Earth and Mars is about half as large in diameter. Like the
Earth, Mars has polar caps; unlike the Earth, one of these is mostly CO2 ice.
Temperatures on Mars range from 133 K to 293 K, and the atmospheric pressure at the
surface is very low, about 1/100 the pressure at the surface of the Earth. The
atmosphere on Mars is 95% CO2, similar to the atmosphere of Venus. Because the
atmosphere is so much thinner, however, there has been no runaway greenhouse effect on
Mars. The atmosphere is thick enough to support tenuous water ice clouds, and enormous
dust storms, some of which are over a mile high. Although Mars has no plate tectonic
activity, the surface of Mars has been shaped by geologic activity. The Tharsis Plateau
contains a string of volcanoes, the largest of which is Olympus Mons. Olympus Mons grew
to such enormous size because the hole in the crust that brought magma to the surface
stayed stationary over time. Also spectacular is Valles Marineris, whose feature is not
the result of plate tectonics, as it would be on the Earth. Instead, Valles Marineris is
the result of the cooling and shrinking crust splitting open at the equator, much like
the surface of drying clay.

In what way might Colonel Muammar Gaddafi sense a betrayal from another country (against Libya), in the same way that Macbeth feels that he and...

Colonel Gaddafi accused leaders of other parts of the
world of turning on him in an unethical manner. Specifically, the recently deposed
leader in February of 2011, accused western powers of betraying
him.

David Cameron, the British prime minister's name came
up in an interview at that time: Gaddafi accused him of having no morals; and, that
Cameron misrepresented Gaddafi's financial position in Britain when he said he was
freezing Gaddafi's English assets, as the Libya leader stated he had
no money in any bank in
England.

Similar to the situation in
Shakespeare's Macbeth, when Malcolm flees Scotland, fearful that he
will be killed by whoever also murdered his father, he is welcomed by England's King,
Edward the Confessor. He is promised support, including troops, to take Scotland away
from Macbeth.

Macbeth accuses Malcolm of running to England
and betraying him by spreading rumors regarding how Duncan died (by blaming Macbeth),
while Macbeth insists that his "bloody cousins" (Malcolm and
Donalbain) are to blame for their father's death. Macbeth would see King Edward as the
foreign leader betraying him, much the way Gaddafi sees David Cameron as a traitor to
Libya as well.

I need specific, cited quotes from Of Mice And Men that describes the hands of Lennie, George, Curley, Carlson, and Candy.

With elements of Naturalism, Of Mice and
Men portrays men in a struggle for survival against the forces of alienation
and disenfranchisement wrought by the Great Depression. Since it has often been said
that much can be told about people by their hands, as well as their eyes, it is an
interesting exploration of character that examines these hands as representative of
these desperate characters. 

Lennie
Small

Portrayed in zoomorphic descriptions,
Lennie best illustrates what Steinbeck himself described as "the inarticulate and
powerful yearning of all men."  When he and George arrive in the clearing of Chapter 1,
after flinging himself down and drinking water with his mouth from a green pool,
Lennie

dabbled
his big paw in the water and wiggled his
fingers...

Also, Lennie "held
his closed hand" to hide the mouse that he has crushed a mouse with his fingers as he
has petted it in his pocket. In Chapter 3 he has been petting the pups so much that
George warns him he will kill them.  George says, "...he [Slim] told' you not to pet the
pups so much."  When George tells Lennie to give him the pups, Lennie holds "his hands
out pleadingly."

These scenes foreshadow the petting of
Curley's wife's hair in Chapter 5.  Interestingly, Steinbeck uses the first descriptive
word for Lennie's hands from Chapter 1 when Lennie is frightened.  In Chapter 3 during
the confrontation with Curley, Lennie "covered his face with his huge paws," but when
George puts out his hands and grabs Slim, saying, "Wait a minute" and tells Lennie to
let Curley "have it," Lennie "took his hands away from his face."  Then, again, in
Chapter 5, after Lennie accidentally kills Curley's wife, he "pawed up the hay" trying
to cover her.

George
Milton

Very little is mentioned about
George's hands as he is more cerebral than the other men.  When George points to
Lennie,         "[H]e indicated Lennie with his thumb."  As he plays cards with Slim in
the bunkhouse, George metaphorically uses his hands as he "lays out his solitaire
hand."

It is not until the end of Chapter 5 that there is a
focus upon George's hands which yet are ruled by his mind.  As he brings the gun to
Lennie's head:

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 [T]he hand shook violently, but his face set and
his hand steadied.

Later,
when the other men arrive at the scene, George "looked steadily at his right hand that
had held the
gun."

Curley

In
at least three instances, Curley is referred to as "handy" (Chapters 2 and 3).   In
Chapter 2, "his hands closed into  fists" when he enters the bunkhouse; he is mocked for
having his other hand in a "'Glove fulla vaseline,' George said disgustedly."  When he
fights with Lennie, his hand is crushed:  "Looks to me like ever' bone in his han' is
bust." Ironically, Slim uses the word hand when he bends down to
talk to Curley,

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"You got your senses in hand enought to
listen?...I think you got your han' caught in a
machine."

Carlson

Almost
no mention of Carlson's hands are made.  He cleans his Luger, but the word
hand(s) is not used.  Instead, he points to Candy's dog with his feet, and
his "footsteps are heard."  One mention of hands regarding Carlson is figurative as
he warns Curley about his wife, "You gonna have something on your
hands."

Perhaps, you may wish to examine other characters
and how their hands are described.  One such character is Slim, whose hands are "large
and lean" and "delicate."  When there is conflict, Slim "subdues one hand over the
other." (Chapter 3)

What are some examples of how wife beating reflects the community's attitude toward women in Things Fall Apart?

In Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo clearly
does not have respect for women. He beats his wives as he does his children. He treats
his wives as his children. He is violent and extremely
aggressive.

Truly, Okonkwo does not appreciate his wives as
he should. He does not see them as his equal. Women have no rights in Okonkwo's compound
and the community.

During the
Week of Peace, Okonkwo does not respect his wives. He beats his youngest wife because
she was having her hair done instead of cooking his meal. Clearly, his wives have no
freedoms. Okonkwo disrespects more than one of his
wives:

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Okonkwo also has a dark and dangerous side, for
he controls his family through anger. In bouts of rage, he beats his youngest wife,
Ojiugo, for neglecting to cook dinner and braiding her hair instead during the Week of
Peace. He also takes a shot at Ekwefi with a rusty gun during the Yam
Festival.

The fact that
Okonkwo's tribe respects him is an indication that women can be treated with such
disrespect at any cost. Of course, the women do not have the value of that of a man in
Okonkwo's compound. Clearly, women are underprivileged. They do not have the worth as
that of a man. Sadly enough, Okonkwo's wives walk around in trepidation of Okonkwo. The
community supports Okonkwo in spite of his obvious
disrespect toward women. He is considered a great
leader:

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Okonkwo stands out as a great leader of the Ibo
tribe. Tribesmen respect Okonkwo for his many
achievements.

Obviously, in
the community women can be treated with severity with no
dishonor to a man.

In The Crucible, besides from political and relgious intolerance, what is another type of intolerance?

I think that one of the most intense types of intolerance
that is shown in Miller's work is the idea of personal intolerance.  This is not
motivated from a particular agenda or set of ideas that need to be endorsed.  In the
end, some of the intolerance that is shown is simply a reflection of personal antipathy
towards another.  Goody Putnam is distraught over the death of her children and envious
of Goody Nurse's success at child rearing.  This is not political or religious.  It is a
reflection of a mean spirit towards another.  Abigail and the girls initially target
those who are the town drunks or those who are on the outskirts of the social scheme of
Salem.  They do so out of personal dislike, and a sense of individual intolerance.  When
Thomas Putnam launches accusations of witchcraft, Corey correctly points out that his
motivation is not religious or even political, as much as it is economic.  Putnam's
desire to eliminate his competition is personally driven.  In the end, it is this
personal intolerance that also helps to bring out how Abigail and her friends torment
Mary Warren while she is on the stand.  The meanness and personal intolerance that
citizens of Salem possessed in their hearts and directed towards their
neighbors.

What is an example of rising action and falling action in The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells?

An important rising action that leads up to the climax is
the occurrence in Chapter XIX in which Griffin, the Invisible Man, has a conversation
with Kemp over breakfast. His identity has been revealed; his secret is uncovered. Kemp
believes Griffin to be mad and homicidal: “he said, ‘but he's mad! Homicidal!’" This
conversation occurs while Kemp is awaiting the results of whatever he wrote in his note
to Colonel Ayde of Fort Burdock; it was apparently a plea for help and the apprehension
of Griffin: "’For instance, would it be a breach of faith if--? No.’
....”

The climax occurs in Chapter XXIV after Griffin has told Kemp
his story. Sounds are heard indicating Ayde’s presence. Griffin in a rage realizes what
has come to be and furiously yells while removing his clothing--Kemp tries to secure him
in the belvedere but loses the door key. Griffin overpowers him and attacks his would be
captors, escaping over Kemp’s fallen form:

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the dressing-gown came wedging itself into the
opening. [Kemp's] throat was gripped by invisible fingers, and he left his hold on the
[door] handle to defend himself. He was forced back, tripped and pitched heavily into
the corner of the landing. The empty dressing-gown was flung on the top of
him.

The following chapters
detail the various elements of falling action that lead up to resolution in which
Griffin materializes to reveal his albino coloring:

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glassy bones and intricate arteries, then the
flesh and skin, first a faint fogginess, and then growing rapidly dense and opaque. ...
His hair and brow were white ... with the whiteness of albinism—and his eyes were like
garnets.

An example of
falling action is the episode during which Kemp flees for his life with the Invisible
Man in hot pursuit. He ran for his life, "though his face was white and wet, his wits
were cool to the last," and was locked out of every house along the way--because he had
order they all keep their doors locked:

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"You can't come in," said Mr. Heelas, shutting
the bolts. "I'm very sorry if he's after you, but you can't come
in!"

What were the cultural aspects of the Chesapeake colony?

There are very many possible ways to answer this
question.  It may be that your book lists some aspects of culture in these colonies that
you are supposed to know.  You may want to check as our answers may emphasize aspects
that are different from those emphasized by your book.

The
culture of the Chesapeake colonies was dominated at the top by rich, aristocratic
plantation owners.  These people were the ones who set the fashions in the colonies. 
They were also the ones who did things like funding the horse races that were a major
cultural attraction to people of all classes.

On the other
end of the scale was slave culture.  Slave culture was a mix of various African cultures
that blended when the slaves were thrown together in a new land.  The music and food of
slave culture also percolated up and influenced the broader culture of the
South.

Again, there are very many aspects of Chesapeake
culture that could be discussed.  Please consult your book to see if there are specific
answers you are supposed to find.

What choices does Sarah make, and how are they influenced by culture, society, personal views, or political influence in Sarah's Key?

Tatiana de Rosney's novel, Sarah's
Key, centers around two people. One of them is a young girl named Sarah
Starzinski and the other is Named Julia Jarmond. Sarah was ten years old in 1942 when
her family was part of a Jewish roundup at the Velodrome d'Hiver in Paris. Part of the
story is told from Sarah's perspective; the rest is told by Julia, a journalist who
researches Sarah's story sixty years later. These two narrative voices tell Sarah's
story.

Your question is about the choices Sarah makes and
what motivates those choices. In one sense, there are very few choices Sarah gets to
make. She has to wear the yellow star marking her as a Jew; she has to be herded into an
indoor stadium with thousands of other Jews; she has to watch her parents get taken away
from her; she has to live her life in hiding until the war is over. Despite that, there
are four major choices Sarah does make which change the course of her entire
life.

The first and most significant choice Sarah makes is
to lock her brother into the hidden cupboard when the policemen come to take her family
away. Her motivation for this choice is simple: she is trying to protect her brother.
Unfortunately, she is unaware of the danger for Jews at this time and makes a bad
decision; however, her motivation is pure.

The second
choice Sarah makes is to escape from the camp with her friend Rachel. Her motivation
here is a bit more complex. Mostly she is driven to go rescue her brother; secondarily,
she wants to escape from the camp to preserve her own life. This turns about to be the
one choice that saves her life in the short term because she meets the Dufaures and they
adopt her as their own. In the long term, this is a choice that eventually causes her
death. If she had not escaped and gone to Paris, she would not have known about her
brother's tragic death and her unwitting responsibility
for it.

A third major choice Sarah makes is to go to
America and start over as someone new. It is true she kept her name, but she kept
perfect silence about the rest of her life. This choice is driven by her guilt, and for
more than twenty years she lives a "normal" life as a wife and a
mother.

The final choice she makes is to end her own life.
The weight of her guilt becomes too strong, and she can no longer bear the guilt or the
secrecy. Her motivation is simply to get rid of her
pain.

Every choice Sarah makes is connected to and driven
by her first choice--locking her brother into the cupboard. She is consistently
motivated by fear (personal, cultural, societal, political) and
guilt.

Discuss the meaning of this quote: "If only there were a longer time between epiphany and epitaph." - David Glaser

Glaser's quote brings out how there are times when, to
quote Sophocles, "wisdom brings no profit to the wise."  The concept of an "epiphany" is
a moment of extreme self- revelation.  It is not planned and not designed, but it "hits"
the individual and usually transforms the person in changing the way they view
themselves, the world, or both.  The idea in an epiphany is something that begins with
"And that's when I realized..."  An epiphany is an intense moment of self understanding
and acknowledgement.  An epitaph is what is written on a headstone when someone dies. 
An epitaph is how that person will be remembered.  It is something that summarizes a
life and is inscribed when the person is dead and little can be done to change what was
done with their life.  The epitaph is meant to honor the passing of the
individual.

Glaser's quote brings out the idea that the
epiphanies that transform our lives, that allow us to change within them, happen too
close to our deaths.  The experience of consciousness and being in the world helps to
bring out these epiphanies towards the end of our lives, when the need for an epitaph is
too close to us, definable with real and distinct features.  Glaser's quote suggests
that our youth and middle age is consisting of living life, forming experiences, and
making mistakes through this process.  The epiphanies that help to provide meaning
happen towards the end of our lives, when we are in old age.  To this extent, the
understanding and unlocking of the "secrets" to consciousness happen at a point where we
are too old to fully revel in the benefit of epiphany- based knowledge for at this
point, in Glaser's mind, we are moving close to the point where we will need an
epitaph.  To this end, Glaser wishes for more time, more time to enjoy the epiphanies in
our consciousness and more time to live out these moments of self-
realization.

What causes thunder?

Thunder is most often caused by lightening.  Lighting is
very hot and it rapidly heats the air around it as it strikes.  This rapid heat causes
the air to expand.  The sound of the air expanding is what we call thunder.  It is
similar to the creation of sound during an explosion.  Since light travels faster than
sound, we can calculate the distance of a lighting strike by counting the seconds
between the lightning and the thunder.  We count seconds because thunder isn't generally
heard far enough away to count the elapsed time in minutes.  In general, each second
between the lightning and the thunder is about a mile.  There is a precise number, but
that is a more difficult calculation.

How did the 13 colonies meet the people's need for government?

The thirteen British colonies in what is now the United
States met the people's need for government by having both local and colony-wide
governments.  These governments tried, for the most part, to protect the people and
their rights.

The typical colony had governments for its
various towns.  These town governments were generally elected by the people.  Above the
town governments (often called "town meetings") were the colonial governments.  These
generally consisted of a governor (appointed by the British government) and a bicameral
legislature.  The upper house of the legislature was typically appointed while the lower
house was elected by the people.

Of course, different
colonial governments did better or worse in terms of meeting their people's needs. 
Overall, though, people were generally content with their governments until after the
French and Indian War.

Could you explain what the quote means in Ch. 17 of The Prince when the discussion is about fear and love?

I think that some context is needed in analyzing this
quote.  The entire quote reads as follows:

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And here comes in the question whether it is
better to be loved rather than feared, or feared rather than loved. It might perhaps be
answered that we should wish to be both; but since love and fear can hardly exist
together, if we must choose between them, it is far safer to be feared than
loved.

In this, a couple of
realities present themselves.  The first is that Machiavelli forces a fundamental choice
in being "feared" and "loved."  The paradigm offered is that both are the ultimate
ideal.  Yet, he is writing about reality, and in a realistic state, ideals are almost
impossible to achieve.  With this in mind, the ruler must understand that conditions
will be present in which a choice will probably have to be made.  Additionally,
Machiavelli argues that in its most basic form, both emotions negate the other.  One
cannot fear and love in the same proportion, with the same intensity, simultaneously. 
To this end, there is challenge present.  Understanding that a choice has to be made,
Machiavelli says that the ruler has to be feared above all in order to quell threats and
dissension to their power and to ensure complete loyalty on the part of the subjects. 
It is here where Machiavelli is seen at his most practical in articulating how the game
of politics is a business rooted in pragmatism.

How did the Court justify the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?the 14th Amendment guaranteed equal protection under the law. yet in plessy v. ferguson...

The Court justified this ruling by arguing that there is
nothing inherently unequal about segregated facilities.  They said that it was only the
feelings of the black people that made it seem as if segregation was meant to make
blacks seem inferior to whites.

The 14th Amendment says
only that people must be treated equally, not that they must all be allowed to use the
same sorts of facilities.  This is, for example, why there can be separate bathrooms for
men and women in public facilities.  Such bathrooms are not deemed to imply that women
are inferior to men.  They only imply that men and women are different and that it would
be inappropriate for them to be together in such
situations.

The Plessy decision
essentially said that blacks and whites are simply different and should be kept apart. 
This did not, the Court said, imply that blacks are inferior.  Therefore, there was no
problem because blacks and whites were being treated equally.

Dicuss the nature of the Nuclear Fusion experiment and what we learned or could have learned from its failure.Sometimes in formal science, what we...

Nuclear Fusion is when two or more atomic nuclei are fused
to produce a heavier nucleus.  This is accompanied by either a release or the absorption
of a large quantity of energy.  The reverse process is Nuclear
Fission.

Nuclear Fission was the mechanism for the atomic
bomb developed in Los Alamos, New Mexico in the 1940’s (the Manhattan Project). 
Development of Nuclear Fusion atomic weapons (Hydrogen bomb) occurred later on, in the
1950’s.

The “Nuclear Fusion” experiment referred to in your
question was actually called “Cold Fusion”.  Electrochemists Fleishman and Pons in 1989
did a small, tabletop experiment involving electrolysis of heavy water on a palladium
electrode.  The result was the production of excess heat, much greater than expected,
and therefore assumed to be from a new form of nuclear reaction, "cold
fusion".

The two scientists released their preliminary
findings without detailed description of the experiments, and virtually no supporting
data.  The result was a media frenzy, fuled by the hope for a source of cheap and
abundant energy.  Unfortunately, the experiments and results could not be
reproduced.

In 1989 the Department of Energy (DOE) released
its report on cold fusion, concluding that there was not enough evidence of a new
nuclear process to justify serious pursuit.  They did, however, recommend “modest
support” of such research.  Another DOE panel in 2004 arrived at the same
conclusion.

Here is what I believe we have learned from
this failure:

1.  If something is too good to be true, it
probably is not true.

2.  To date, no one has successfully
challenged the first law of thermodynamics…energy cannot created or destroyed. Output is
never greater than input.

3.  In science (as in life) one
seldom if ever gets something for nothing.

4.  A scientific
”discovery” that is announced with fanfare, but without thorough details and supporting
data, should be allocated to the category of “we shall
see”.

5.  Like any complex activity, scientific
experimentation is subject to errors, including errors of concept, design, methodology,
execution and interpretation.

6.  "Science is science", and
results should always be verifiable and reproducible, and not accepted merely on the
reputations of the scientists.

In The Bronze Bow, how are the beliefs of Rosh and Jesus different?

Both Rosh and Jesus are seen by the villagers as men
opposing the Roman rule over Israel. However, they are extremely different in their
beliefs and methods. Rosh is a bandit living in the hills; he has been active for a long
time, and people are accustomed to his rhetoric about eventually leading an army to rout
the Romans. However, his excursions are always for theft and intimidation, and despite
his words he never actually takes steps to move on Rome. In fact, he avoids
confrontations with Roman soldiers because, as Daniel realizes, the Romans are content
to allow Rosh his banditry as another method of keeping the villagers scared and
dependent.

readability="12">

Suddenly words were echoing in his mind. "For
each one of you is precious in His sight." Not scripture, but the words of the
carpenter. That was what had confused him. Rosh looked at a man and saw a
thing to be used, like a tool or a weapon. Jesus looked and saw a child of
God.
(Speare, The Bronze Bow, Google
Books)

When Jesus comes to
the village, Daniel expects that he will use his great charisma and apparent
supernatural powers to lead a revolution. However, Daniel soon realizes that Jesus is
working towards changing hearts and minds; he is not trying to foster a violent
rebellion, but instead trying to spread love and peace through the region. Jesus
believes that since all humans are God's children, then peace will come through mutual
love and understanding, not through war. This shows how Rosh is simply a user of people
to his own ends, while Jesus attempts to enlighten people how to better themselves and
others.

List 3 organelles present in plant cells but not found in animal cells.

The structures of plants cells and animal cells though
similar have a few differences. Three organelles that are present in plant cells but not
present in animal cells are:

• The cell wall:
  Animals cells do not have a cell wall unlike plant cells. The cell wall of plants is
  made of cellulose and in many plants has an additional polymer called lignin which
  provides hardens it further. The cell wall is a protective layer around the cell, it
  allows materials to pass through it but eliminates the requirement of a skeletal system
  that animals do.

• Leucoplasts: These
  are organelles with a double membrane that store starch and other nutrients in plants.
  They are not present in animal
  cells.

• Chromoplasts: Plants are able
  to produce carbohydrates using carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of sunlight
  using chlorophyll that is found in organelles called chromoplasts. Animal cells do not
  have chromoplasts which does not allow photosynthesis in
  animals.

Give a brief explanation of what causes the Doppler effect.

The Doppler effect refers to an apparent shift in the
frequency of a wave emitted by a source when the source, the observer, or both are
moving.  To simplify the explanation, we will exam the effect as it relates to the
production of sound in air and how it is heard.  However, one should understand that the
basic principle can be applied to any wave including electromagnetic
waves.

A source of a sound produces a series of waves which
travel out from the source.  For sound, these waves are alternating regions of high
pressure and low pressure in the air through which the waves travel. An observer hears
these waves as the pressure of the air changes due to the passing wave which caused the
eardrum to vibrate.  The frequency of the wave is determined by the distance between
successive regions of high pressure and the speed that the waves are moving through the
air.  The sound the ear "hears" is what we call the pitch of the sound.  The quicker the
regions of high pressure strike the ear drum, the higher the pitch is perceived to
be.

Suppose now that a stationary source is producing sound
at a specific pitch (frequency) which is being heard by a stationary observer some
distance away.  The pitch will remain constant because the high pressure regions hit the
ear drum at regular time intervals.

Now allow the source to
be moving toward the observer.  The source creates a high pressure region (a wave) that
heads to the observers ear.  Because the source has moved closer to the observer when
the next wave is created, that new wave doesn't have as far to go to reach the ear and
so it gets their quicker than if it had come from the stationary source.  "Getting there
quicker" means that the high pressure region between the two waves are striking the ear
quicker than if the source were stationary.  This makes the observer's ear drum vibrate
quicker which is heard as a higher pitch.  So as a source moves toward the observer (or
as the observer moves toward the source, or both) the waves strike the ear more quickly
than if the source (or observer, or both) is stationary.  Source and observer heading
toward each other produce a shift in the frequency to a higher
pitch.

The opposite happens when the source and observer
are moving away from each other:  the waves have further to go because the source and
observer are getting further apart.  The result is a shift in the frequency which makes
the pitch sound lower.

So, when a train approaches, the
frequency is shifted higher and as it passes the observer it shifts lower as it moves
away.  This shift is what is called the Doppler effect.

How are style and tone of the narrator's voice different from those of the characters?

In general, the style of the writer
is found in his or her diction
(word choice) and syntax (word order). This
often reveals the author's tone or feelings toward his/her subject. Style is known as
the author's "verbal identity." For instance, in Mark Twain's The Adventures
of Huckleberry Finn, Twain's style can be found in the character of a young,
uneducated boy who has survived an abusive, alcoholic father, life without a mother, and
the tribulations of being "sivilized," while still remaining a decent person. Twain's
tone comes through in what Huck has to say. Ironically, Huck believes that helping a
runaway slave gain his freedom in the deep South is a bad thing because society teaches
him this. Because he has come to love Jim, Huck thinks that he is a
really bad person by helping Jim (the slave). He declares that good or bad, he will
continue to help and says,

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All right, then, I'll go to
hell.

Twain uses Huck to
convey Twain's own thoughts on the immorality of owning
slaves.

In terms of the narrator's voice and the
characters' voice, the characters will speak to provide information about themselves and
others, and to move the plot along. The author obviously manipulates his characters to
converse in a manner that feeds the plot, but sometimes the characters will not tell you
exactly how the author feels, but you—as the reader—must search for
meaning in the clues the author has the character's plant in what they say and how they
act. In other words, sometimes the author's feelings are implied, but not openly
conveyed. It is in this way that a difference can be seen between the true feelings of
the author toward his subject, and what the characters actually
say.