Sunday, March 1, 2015

In what specific areas of southern life did the Plessy decision encourage racial segregation?

Plessy vs. Ferguson gave
carte blanche to Southern White supremacists to institutionalize
segregation; "separate but equal" was honored more in the breach than in the observance.
It's most obvious application was in the education system; blacks and whites were
required to attend separate schools with all white teachers in white schools and all
Black teachers in Black schools. Blacks were only allowed to enroll in all-Black
colleges and universities. Those who applied to public universities--even state
supported ones--were turned down on the basis of race. Blacks were not allowed to sit in
restaurants frequented by whites; although they could go to the restaurant's back door
and order food to go. Movie theaters had separate balconies with separate entrances for
Blacks; water fountains and restroom facilities were segregated by race. Public parks
and especially swimming pools were normally closed to Blacks. Churches and funeral
homes, barber and beauty shops, etc. were all segregated by
race.


This writer grew up in the "separate but equal"
South, and can offer several personal observations. I well remember as a child taking
trips and stopping at service stations with three bathrooms: men, women, and "colored."
The third was unfit by use by anyone. The State Fair in my state met in mid-October,
followed by a separate Fair the following week for blacks. Neither race attended the
other's Fair. On public busses, Blacks were required by law
to take the first available seat nearest the back of the bus. If no seat were available
except one near a white person, the Black person was required to stand. I also remember
attending a tent meeting held by a famous evangelist which had a large area roped off
and marked "reserved for colored."


It is important to note
that this situation existed so long that it actually became institutionalized through
the passage of time. Children were taught at home, at school, and at Sunday School that
separation of the races was both natural and proper. This writer began first grade in
1954, the year in which the Supreme Court in Brown vs. Board of
Education
said that segregation had no place in public education. Even so, no
Black students attended my school (I attended the same school, grades 1-12) until my
Senior year. I never sat in class with a Black student until my college days. Hence the
pervasive effect of the Plessy decision.

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