In "Babylon Revisited," does the protagonist overcome the conflict or, in the end, is he the victim?

This is a very astute question. Of course, by the end of
the story, it is clear that Charlie has not got what he came to Paris for. Marion's
decision to postpone the handing over of her niece into Charlie's care represents a loss
for Charlie, as he has worked hard to try and present a reformed self that is
responsible, mature and different from his younger-self who was a drunkard and locked
his wife out in the snow. However, arguably, one could argue that the true nature of
this conflict is based not around Honoria and his possession of her, but his own new
self-identity and his guilt over his past actions in
Paris.

Returning to the city of "Babylon," a place of so
much former vice and vanity, Charlie struggles against the past that he seems unable to
shake off completely, as the way he visits old haunts and stumbles into friends from
these former days symbolises. Although Charlie shows considerable remorse and guilt for
his actions in the past, he is not allowed to let those actions rest, both by his own
memory of them and by the rather chilling voice of Marion Peters, who seems to present
Charlie with every doubt that he has about himself. In this sense, we could argue that
Charlie, in spite of his best efforts, does not overcome his internal conflict to remain
true to his new, reformed self, and some critics argue that there are significant hints
that he still maintains many of the issues that he once struggled with, but that they
are now dormant, waiting to resurge once more. In a sense, therefore, we could argue
that Charlie is presented as a victim. He is a loving father, who, while not perfect,
desperately wants to be reunited with his daughter. However, at the end of the story,
arguably he is redeemed by his determination to keep on trying to get her
back:

He would
come back some day; they couldn't make him pay forever. But he wanted his child and
nothing was much good now, beside that fact... He was absolutely sure Helen woldn't have
wanted him to be so
alone.

The way the story ends
on exposing the emptiness of Charlie's life presents him as a victim, whose existence is
now empty and void of meaning. Reference to his "aloneness" presents him as the loser of
this story, but a loser who is determined to try again and eventually
win.