Monday, January 12, 2015

How does the hexagonal vortex, for the lack of a better term, of Saturn's north pole relate to fluid dynamics and how can this hexagon be...

The Saturn hexagon has had planetary scientists puzzled
since its discovery by the  Voyager spacecraft decades ago. It's generally agreed that
the pattern is caused by a polar vortex similar to that found at the Earth's poles, but
the question has been why is the one on Saturn a nearly perfect hexagon in
shape?


In 2010 Oxford physicists Ana Claudia Barbosa Aguiar
and Peter Read were able to recreate this phenomenon in the lab. They placed a large
cylinder of water on a turntable, which represented Saturn's atmosphere as a whole. In
the center of the tank they created a smaller vortex to represent a miniature jet
stream. By altering the speed of revolution of the model jet stream, “We could create
ovals, triangles, squares, almost anything you like,” said Read in an interview with
Science magazine (see link to the article below). The larger the difference in speed of
rotation between the outer cylinder and the inner jet stream, the fewer sides the
polygon had. The ratio of rotations in the model that produced a hexagon correspond to
our understanding of rotational speeds on Saturn. The researchers noted that the
appearance of such patterns is not at all uncommon in he earth's atmosphere; however the
unevenness of surface landforms on Earth tends to break up and change patterns quickly,
while on Saturn a lack of same will allow a pattern to persist for a long period of
time.

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