How and why does Claudius manipulate Laertes in Act 4 of Hamlet?

Claudius does feel guilty enough for killing his own
brother that he cannot bring himself to kill his nephew/stepson as well. Besides, having
two members of the royal family die so quickly might call undue attention to the
surviving family (shades of Macbeth).

Claudius sees that
Laertes is a "man of action" and chooses to take advantage of his anger and direct it
towards Hamlet. While Hamlet is indeed guilty of stabbing Polonius and hiding the body,
it was Claudius' scheming that put Polonius behind the
arras.

Hamlet also indirectly caused Ophelia's insanity,
because she was so dependent on the men in her life (Polonius, Laertes, and Hamlet) and
they have all abandoned her. It was easy for Claudius to direct Laertes' anger toward
Hamlet.

What personal qualities does "Bod" display in confronting the conflict with the Jacks in Gaiman's The Graveyard Book?

Bod is a teenager when he finally confronts his conflict
with the Jacks, of course, he thinks there is only one Jack through all those years. His
first conflict with them comes when he goes to the pawn shop. After being trapped in a
room, Liza Hempstock appears to save him by teaching him to Fade like a ghost. He
listens to her lesson and she manages to get him safely
out. On the way out, he has so much presence of mind, even
in dangerous conflict, that he manages to find something to take with him--a paper
weight--with which to make Liza a headstone for her unhallowed
grave.

The next conflict with the Jacks is with Mr. Frost
who is living in Bod's old house and is Bod's old enemy--the Jack
who chased him when a baby to the graveyard. Upstairs in the nursery, Mr. Frost, alias
Jack, tries to kill Bod. While he is escaping, Bod has loyalty and
foresight to drag Scarlett with him when he Fades to safety. Finally, all
the Jacks converge on them in the graveyard.

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The sound of shoes slapping against the pavement,
and two men were on the other side of the gates, rattling them, pulling at
them.

When he and Scarlett
are being pursued by the Jacks, Bod demonstrates a great
memory: all the places where he found trouble in the
graveyard are the places where he gets rid of his present trouble. He sends some of the
Jacks through the ghoul-gate and one down an empty grave. The worst Jack, Mr. Frost, Bod
tricks into claiming power to rule over the Sleer. The Sleer then appropriates Mr.
"Jack" Frost and takes him into his barrow lair--forever. Jack has
courage, calmness in the face of danger and
cunning to shrewdly save himself and Scarlett from
harm--with Silas aiding by taking her memories of the
night:

"How is
she?" [Bod asked]
"I took her memories," said
Silas.

In Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist, how does the alchemist convince Santiago to go on in his trip?

In Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist,
actually it is not the alchemist that convinces Santiago to go on
his trip to pursue his Personal Legend, unless you believe that Melchizedek (the King of
Salem) that Santiago meets early on, is the same person. (I do not: Melchizedek talks to
God, referring to him as "my Lord." The alchemist is a teacher, not a "prophet" like
Melchizedek.)

When Santiago decides to follow his dream of
treasure by going to the Pyramids in Egypt, he asks a gypsy woman to explain his
recurring dream. For this she asks for ten percent of his treasure if he finds it. In
the marketplace, the King of Salem approaches the boy (Santiago) and tells him that he
will give him the information he needs to find his treasure for a tenth of Santiago's
flock.

It is Melchizedek (the King of Salem) who explains
about Santiago's Personal Legend and omens, and that once he begins to follow his dream,
the universe will do all it can to help him reach his
goal.

When you
want something, all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve
it.

The second piece of
information that the King of Salem gives Santiago is that just when you are ready to
quit, that is the time you must move forward, so as not to come so
close to your goal that at the last minute, you turn away from it—never knowing how
close you actually were.

As an example, he tells the boy
that sometimes he (Melchizedek) appears to someone—in an unusual form—just about the
time that person is ready to quit following his Personal Legend. Recently he has helped
a miner who had been searching for an emerald.

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...the miner was about to give it all up, [and]
if he were to examine just one more stone—just one more—he would
find his emerald. [Melchizedek] transformed himself into a stone that rolled up to the
miner's foot. [In anger, the miner] picked up the stone and threw it aside...it broke
the stone it fell upon...and there...was the most beautiful emerald in the
world.

The King of Salem
tells Santiago this story so he won't give up, giving him encouragement and direction to
hold onto his dream.

(Santiago does not meet the alchemist
until the later part of the story, and the alchemist helps Santiago realize what true
treasure is—love—and how to achieve his Personal
Legend.)

The King of Salem tells Santiago about his dream
before the boy ever speaks of it, and can read his mind, as he does regarding the boy's
grandfather and omens, even as Santiago is thinking silently to himself. In showing that
he is knowledgeable and powerful, he offers Santiago hope that he will find his Personal
Legend simply by sticking to his path. Santiago's heart is open, and in these ways,
Melchizedek is able to direction the boy onto the path that will bring him
happiness.

What kind of style does Stockton use in "The Lady or the Tiger?"

There are lots of different aspects of style that could be
used to comment upon. One of these aspects that most impresses me when I read this story
is the setting, and how this is used to support other aspects of style, such as the
autocratic rule of the king and the grim justice that his method of trial
yields.

Note how the story begins, and how it provides us
with essential details regarding the setting:

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In the very olden time, there lived a
semibarbaric king, whose ideas, though somewhat polished and sharpened by the
progressiveness of distant Latin neighbours, were still large, florid, and untrammeled,
as became the half of him which was
barbaric.

The reference to
the "distant Latin neighbours" and then the detailed description that we are given about
the arena with its many tiers, galleries and doors seem to be a deliberate allusion to
the Coliseum in Rome, which was used for many different kinds of gladiatorial challenges
involving animals for many years, and was very sophisticated in its time. This setting
of course gives us an excellent background to the kind of themes of justice and power
that are presented in the novel, and the "semibarbaric" king helps foreshadow the
"semibarbaric" form of justice that is practised in this kingdom, and also prepares us
for the ambiguous character of the princess.

You might also
like to consider other aspects of style in your analysis such as the point of view, the
structure of the story and the way that it could be compared to a kind of fairy tale.
Hope this helps!

What is the summary of "The Lady from Lucknow" by Bharati Mukherjee?

Mukherjee's short story centers on the affair of an Indian
Muslim woman living in Atlanta.  Nafeesa Hafeez is the wife of a wealthy industrialist
who works for IBM and lives for his work.  She has left India and has become quite
cosmopolitan in all of her being all around the world.  While she is devoted to her
husband, there is a sense of emptiness that exists in their relationship.  In large
part, this comes from his devotion to his work.  In part, though, this exists as Nafeesa
exists as a character who wishes to appropriate the world in accordance to her own
subjectivity.  This is in stark contrast to the story she relates in the opening of the
story about a girl who lived next door to Nafeesa when she was four years old.  In this
story, the girl was in love with someone not approved by her father and when he found
he, she was killed in a brutal and savage way.  As the relationship grows between
Nafeesa and James, an older American man, it develops into a more forward and brazen
sexual endeavor, only to be discovered by his wife.  Throughout this process, Nafeesa
does not lose her strong and independent voice, something that is overshadowed by the
ending, when the implications of her own actions fly in the face of the memory of the
girl who is killed by her father.  In the end, Nafeesa has to learn how to live with the
appropriation of the world in accordance to her own subjectivity and how her own
cultural baggage filters into such a subjectivity.

India should expand its nuclear power programme. Substantiate your answer logically.

Honestly, I do not think that India stands to gain much in
the long term by expanding its nuclear power program.

But
here are the points used by many to support the expansion of the nuclear power
program.

India's economic development has led to a large
increase in its power consumption. This is expected to grow at 6.3% per annum and by
2050 is expected to reach an annual consumption of 5000 - 6000 kWh per
capita.

Most of India's electricity generation is done
through coal-powered thermal power plants. As the reserves of coal are limited and
non-renewable it would not be possible to expand power generation to the required levels
and maintain them.

It is also difficult to expand renewable
hydroelectric power as India's high population makes it impossible to find land to
create the huge reservoirs that are needed for hydroelectric power
plants.

No large expansion in the field of renewable
sources of power like solar or wind is expected that may be able to replace the present
power generation using fossil fuels.

Nuclear energy which
presently provides just 2.5% of India's electricity requirements can easily be expanded
now. This is mainly due to the fact that India now has access to advanced technology
required to build the reactors and there are also no restrictions on the import of
nuclear fuel from other nations.

Is the preparation of edible insulin possible?if it is possible what are the steps involved in that preparation

There are a number of researchers working on producing
edible insulin. The first successful edible vaccine  was announced in 1990, and since
then researchers have developed a number of edible vaccines, including one from the
University of Western Ontario that prevents diabetes. They have also transferred the
technology to trying to produce insulin containing foods.The great challenge to this
technology is finding a way to stabilize the insulin so it is not destroyed by the
acidic environment of the stomach.

The key tool to creating
these foods is transgenics. A gene for insulin production is isolated and is transferred
into the plant cells, usually by using a bacterial vector technique. Once the cells are
"infected" by the gene they will begin to produce the desired
protein. 

Why did Sophocles choose not to make Jocasta a major role in this play?

I think that Jocasta does occupy a rather significant role
in the drama.  Granted, she does not take the same level of importance that Oedipus
does.  This might be due to the fact that he is the source of the tragic condition that
envelops the drama, and Jocasta is not.  Yet, she does possess some implications in the
drama that are fairly profound.  The first is that she is both Oedipus' mother and
wife.  This is not fully grasped until the end.  Yet, in this frame of reference, her
role is significant, for she is both to Oedipus.  She does not let on that she is both,
but there are moments when she simultaneously appropriates both roles while Oedipus
endures internal struggle. Her entrance into the drama is one to reprimand Creon and
Oedipus for acting like children, failing to accept the adult standards placed upon
them:

Poor
foolish men, what wicked din is this?/With Thebes sick to death, is it not shameful/That
you should rake some private quarrel
up?

She enters the drama in a
major way, with profound implications.  She speaks as both wife and mother, a blending
of roles that is highly significant.  For example, in Act III, Jocasta prays to Apollo
to restore her husband's/ son's sanity.  The offering of prayers for a loved one is
something that the reader/ audience can see her do as both wife and mother.  Although
the former won't be revealed until later, there is a blending of both roles that is
essential in this scene.  Her importance is magnified at her death, when Oedipus looks
at her, for the first time as both son and husband. In this way, Jocasta can be seen as
significant and playing a major role in the drama.

Which compound is a polysaccharide?A) glucose B) galactose C) fructose D) glycogen

The answer is
D.

Glycogen is a polymer (and
a polysaccharide) that serves as the secondary long-term energy storage in animal and
fungal cells, with the primary energy stores being held in adipose tissue. Glycogen has
a similar structure to starch, a less branched glucose polymer in plants, and is
sometimes referred to as animal starch.

what is the derivation for the formula of the area of a circle?i would like to know how it is derieved. pl help...

The area of the circle is a function of radius of that
circle.

A(r) = `pi` *r^2

We'll
calculate the derivative of the area, differentiating with respect to
r.

Since `pi` is a constant, we'll differentiate r^2, using
the derivative formula:

(x^n)' =
n*(x^(n-1))*(x)'

(x^n)' =
n*(x^(n-1))*1

(x^n)' =
n*(x^(n-1))

Comapring, we'll
get:

(r^2)' =
2*(r^(2-1))*(r)'

(r^2)' =
2*r

dA/dr = A'(r) = 2`pi` r (circumference of the
circle)

The requested derivative of the area
of circle is dA/dr = A'(r) = 2`pi` r.

What are 3 quotes that show guilt from each Hamlet, Claudius and Gertrude in acts 1 to 3?i need 2 or more significant quotations from act 1 to 3...

Hamlet feels guilty because he has not done anything to
avenge his father's death. In act II scene ii Hamlet reveals the fact that he is upset
with himself because he has not taken action. Hamlet calls himself, "a peasant slave"
and questions, "What's Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, That he should weep for her? What
would he do, Had he motive and cue for passion That I have?" (529, 538-541). The actor
is able to cry on cue when telling the story of Hecuba to entertain the court, but
Hamlet still has not done anything to avenge his father's death. He is incredibly upset
with himself. At the end of the scene he comes up with a plan to use the play,
The Mouse Trap, to "catch the conscious of the King" (II, ii, 586).
He is going to use the king's reaction to the scene in the play that is similar to how
Claudius killed King Hamlet to see if Claudius is guilty. At this point Hamlet is using
the guilt to come up with a plan and find out if the ghost is really telling the
truth.

Claudius expresses his guilt in act three scene
three. In his soliloquy, while praying, Claudius admits to his crime, but doesn't have
what it takes to come forward and ask for forgiveness because he is greedy. When he
first begins to pray, he says, "O, my offence is rank, it smells to Heaven; It hath the
primal eldest curse upon't, A brother's murder!" (III, iii, 39-41). He admits to killing
his brother, and he seems to have guilt over the killing. However, later in the prayer
he states, "O, what form of prayer Can serve my turn? 'Forgive me my foul murder?' That
cannot be; since I am still possess'd Of those effects for which I did the murder --My
crown, mine own ambition, and my queen" (III, iii, 55-58). Claudius is sorry, but he is
not sorry enough to give back what he has been able to obtain after the murder -his
wife/the queen, the crown and his power. The king is guilty, but his greed overcomes his
guilt.

Finally, in act III scene iv Hamlet confronts his
mother, the queen, and she expresses guilt over her quick decision to marry Claudius. At
first the queen tells Hamlet, "Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended" (father
meaning Claudius). Hamlet replies, "Mother, you have my father much offended" (meaning
King Hamlet) (III.iv. 9-10). After accidentallykilling Polonius, who he thinks is
Claudius snooping behind the curtain, Hamlet yells at his mother and shows her a picture
of his late father to make her feel guilty. After getting upset with Hamlet's words,
Gertrude states, ""O Hamlet, speak no more! Thou tern'st mine eyes into my very soul,
And there I see such black and grained spots" (III, iv. 95-97). This quote supports the
fact that Hamlet's words have reached Gertrude and that she does feel guilty for
marrying Claudius so quickly.

Claudius is the one who
commits the first act, the murder of King Hamlet, and for the most part he seems to be
okay with keeping his sin to himself. He expresses his guilt when he is alone and
praying, but he is not willing to share his crime with anyone else. He wants to keep
Hamlet close, so he can watch over him. He is also lying to Gertrude. Gertrude begins to
feel some guilt for marrying so quickly and hurting her son, but she doesn't seem to
know that Claudius is responsble for killing her late husband. Hamlet seems to want to
avenge his father's death, but he feels guilty for not doing anything, and he seems to
be looking for the perfect opportunity to get revenge. (perhaps his
flaw). 

In Kate Chopin's story "The Storm," explain the last line: "So the storm passed, and everyone was happy." If you assume she is being ironic, point...

A very strong case can be made that the final sentence of
Kate Chopin’s short story “The Storm” is ironic and that it is simply the final example
of many moments in the story that can be read ironically.  The possible ironies in the
story become especially apparent when it is read for the second time.  Here are a
few:

• Young Bibi assumes that his
  mother will be afraid of the storm. Instead, she uses the storm as an occasion to commit
  adultery. Bibi’s touching concern for his mother therefore seems a bit
  ironic.


• Bobinôt tells his son that Calixta will shut the
  house in response to the storm. Instead, she opens up her
  bedroom.


• Bobinôt purchases a can of shrimp for his wife,
  thereby showing his (ironic) concern for the woman who is about to cheat on
  him.


• Calixta is not concerned about the safety of her
  husband and son, although we have just seen them (ironically) expressing great concern
  for her safety.


• Alcée grabs, of all things, Bobinôt’s
  “trousers” off the clothes line when the storm begins.  (Hmmmm . . . ironically
  symbolic?)


• There may be some irony in the description of
  Alcée helping Calixta keep the water from coming inside beneath the
  door.


• The “white” color of Calixta’s bed may be ironic,
  especially since white is a common symbol of purity and particularly in light of how the
  bed is about to be used.


• Her young son’s bed is right
  next to the bed in which his mother commits adultery.


• As
  Bobinôt and Bibi approach the house, Bobinôt worries that they are too badly stained to
  be worthy of Calixta’s sight:

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"My! Bibi, w'at will yo' mama say! You ought to
be ashame'. You oughta' put on those good pants. Look at 'em! An' that mud on yo'
collar! How you got that mud on yo' collar, Bibi? I never saw such a
boy!"

• Calixta, who
  has arguably just behaved in a highly unscrupulous way, is described as an
  “over-scrupulous housewife.”


• Calixta arguably lies when
  she tells her husband that she was “uneasy” about his
  absence.


• The reunited family laugh so loudly that their
  laughter might even, the narrator says, be heard (ironically) at Alcée’s
  place.


• Practically every single sentence of the final two
  sections is arguably ironic.

Calculate the limit of the function y=x^2/(x^2+1), if x --> +infinte?

Since ` ` ` ` `lim_(x->oo) ``x^2` = `oo` and `
lim_(x->oo) ` ` ` `x^2` +1 = ` `

We can use
L'Hopital's rule that ` `` ``lim_(x->oo)` `(f(x))/(g(x))` = `lim_(x->oo)`
`(f'(x))/(g'(x))`
if `lim_(x->oo)` f(x) = `oo` and
`lim_(x->oo)` g(x) = `oo`

So `lim_(x->oo)`
(x^2)/(x^2+1) = `lim_(x->oo)` 2x/2x = `lim_(x->oo)` 1 =
1

So `lim_(x->oo)` (x^2)/(x^2+1) =
1

We could also use the following analysis.  Using the fact
that

`lim_(x->oo)` 1/x^n = 0, and dividing both the
denominator and numerator by
x^2 (x^2/x^2 = 1 and (x^2+1)/x^2= 1 + 1/x^2) we
get

` lim_(x->oo)`(x^2)/(x^2+1) =
`lim_(x->oo)` (1/(1+1/x^2))

and again since
`lim_(x->oo)` 1/x^2 = 0 we get

`lim_(x->oo)`
(x^2)/(x^2+1) = `lim_(x->oo)` (1/(1+0)) = 1/1 =
1

This second method also shows
that

` lim_(x->oo)`(x^2)/(x^2+1) =
1

What are the crises and complexities regarding the characters in Waiting for Godot (and how are they involved in their progress)?

This is an excellent question.

As the
work is an absurdist tragicomedy, the answer to this question is a broad and equally
complex one. While the text indicates that the protagonists spend every day in a similar
fashion, many readers suggest that the crisis that Didi and Gogo face are in their
complete inability to act and force any semblance of real, demonstrable change in their
otherwise meaningless existence.

The complexity of the play may, in
fact, lie in its sheer -- and at times, mind-numbing -- simplicity. The play is a
tautology; all of the play's action is summed up in it's title. Vladimir and Estragon
are "Waiting for Godot." They can't move. They can't leave. And they can't change their
lot in life. Why? Because (as becomes a repeated joke throughout) they're waiting for
Godot. They are so paralyzed by their obligation to wait for an unknown traveler that
they spend every day of their lives doing nothing of
substance.

Ultimately, your question about the progress of these
characters is fundamentally tied to the reasons outlines above. They can't move, but
they want nothing more than to make meaning of an otherwise meaningless existence. Until
Godot arrives, however, they can and will never make any real progress -- thus the
author could well, in fact, be suggesting that the lives of these two men is ultimately
meaningless.

Do you think Frost finally became popular in America as a poet?

Robert Frost's first published poem was printed in 1894,
when he was 20 years old. He continued to write poetry, and studied poetry during the
two years he spent as a student at Harvard. While starting his family and working as a
farmer and a teacher, Frost also wrote and published poems. Frost and his family spent
1912-1915 in England, during which time he wrote and published two collections of poetry
and made the acquaintance of a number of already well-known writers and poets, who
provided support and encouragement. By the time of his return to the United States,
Frost was developing a reputation and a following as a recognized poet. He won the 1923
Pulitzer Prize for his collection New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace
Notes. As an instructor at Amherst College and Harvard, he became well-known
for his poetry readings, with subjects ranging from his appreciation of nature to
comments on social and political issues of his time. By the time of his death, he had
been awarded honorary doctorate degrees by the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford and
had been named poet laureate of the United States as well as reading one of his poems at
the inauguration of Pres. John F. Kennedy.

Why did the American colonists go from being proud, loyal citizens of the greatest empire in the world to rebels who wanted independence from that...

The basic reason why this happened is that the Americans
were "outgrowing" their role as a colony just as Great Britain was trying to exert more
control over them.  This is analagous to a family in which a child has been given a
great deal of freedom, only to have it taken away when he or she becomes a teenager. 
This is a recipe for rebellion.

Before the French and
Indian War, the colonies were given a considerable amount of freedom.  The British
treated them with what has been called "benign neglect."  They imposed relatively few
laws on the Americans and did not enforce those laws very vigorously.  They did not
place many taxes on the Americans and they allowed them to have a great deal of
self-government.

After the French and Indian War, all this
changed.  The British felt they needed more from the colonies since they had just spent
so much money on the Seven Years' War.  They started to impose taxes and they started to
vigorously enforce laws.  They were doing this just as the American colonies were coming
to feel more as if they deserved independence.  The colonies were growing in population
and economic power and were feeling that they shold have more autonomy.  At just this
point, the British decreased this autonomy.  This was the real cause of the rebellion
that led to the Revolutionary War.

What were the main causes of the English Reformation?

Neither of these answers reflects the more important
historical roots of the English Reformation, a desire for independence from the Roman
Papacy, which, due to the political activities of the Papal States, was actually a
(moderately hostile) temporal foreign power as well as an ecclesiastical one, allied
with England's enemies. This distrust of the Papacy, and reluctance to have a foreign
Pope appoint Bishops who sat in the House of Lords and have control of huge tracts of
land in England, dates back as far as the Acts of Praemunire, Provisions, and Provisors
in the fourteenth century.

One of the great tensions in the
institutional structure of Christianity from its origins had been the centripetal force,
impelled by the needs of the Roman emperors who made Christianity a state religion, to
have Christianity unified with a coherent bureaucracy and power structure, versus the
centrifugal tendencies towards regional or even congregational independence. The notion
that the Bishop of Rome should proclaim himself a "Pope", overriding ecumenical councils
unilaterally (by, for example, adding the "filioque" to the Nicene Creed), and claiming
dominance over other archbishops such as the Patriarch of Constantinople, was never
something uniformly accepted by all Christians; in some ways, the organizational
structure of the Church of England could be considered as reclaiming many of the
Orthodox traditions of episcopal structure (which have continued from early Christianity
to the present day) from which the Roman Catholic Church had
departed.

There were also many proto-Protestant movements
in England before the establishment of the Church of England including the Lollards,
who, contra the above post, were generally poor and uneducated, and not members of the
noble elites. Although the events of Henry VIII's life were certainly the catalyst for
the final step of a break with Rome, the tensions leading up to the break had existed
ever since the introduction of Christianity in England. While the 664 Synod of Whitby
imposed a Roman model of Christianity on England, this imposition was controversial and
far from uniformly popular. To account for the English reformation simply in terms of
the events of a few years is to drastically oversimplify issues that had a long and
complex history.

Compare and Contrast Frost's "The Road Not Taken" and "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening"?

There is a strong similarity between Frost's "The Road Not
Taken" and his "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening." In both poems the speaker is on a
journey and comes to a stop. In both poems he indicates the season of the year, which is
fall in "The Road Not Taken" and early winter in "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening."
In both poems the speaker is all alone and seems to be having troubled feelings and
emotions. Finally, in both poems the speaker (who is presumably Frost himself) has to
move on because he cannot remain all alone in the woods. In "Stopping By Woods on a
Snowy Evening" he moves on because he remembers he has obligations to fulfill, while in
"The Road Not Taken" he moves on because he has to make a choice of one road or the
other. There is very little difference in the motivations of the speakers in the two
poems. The moods of both poems are very similar. The speaker seems lonely, puzzled,
fascinated by the beauty of nature but forced to attend to the business of
living.

Frost maintained that all writing, including
poetry, should be dramatic. He makes these two poems dramatic by suggesting that the
speakers both have internal conflicts. In "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening" the
speaker would like to stay by the woods much longer and enjoy the silence and the visual
beauty. In "The Road Not Taken" the speaker would like to follow both roads but cannot
do so because they "diverge" in entirely different directions.

"It was the achievement of a lifetime and it took up Rakesh's whole life. "Justify the truth of the statement with reference to A Devoted Son.

Certainly, the portrait that Desai gives of Rakesh is one
who is absolutely driven to please his parents.  The vision is one whereby he subjugates
his own desires for their wishes.  If they want him to study, he does.  When they want
him to come back to India to tend to them, he does.  When he needs to marry an
uneducated villager to make them happy, he does.  In the oddest of ways, Rakesh is more
representative of the typical Indian woman who is bound to honor the requests of her
parents.  This achievement was to make his parents happy, and this becomes something
that takes up his entire life.  The need to cure his father is representative of this,
something that consumes him and something that, interestingly enough, he is unable to
fully accomplish.  In this, Rakesh works or allows a goal to "take up" his whole life
and does not possess the capacity to accomplish it.  The idea that love or filial
loyalty can ever be fully accomplished, as in absolute totality is what is critiqued
through Rakesh.  The father's anger at his son in the last scene helps to bring this
out.  The consumption and intense zeal with which Rakesh works towards healing his
father, a "goal that takes up his whole life," is one whereby he is unable to accomplish
it.  At the same time,  Rakesh's intense manner is one that alienates his father, making
the accomplishment of his goal as one that subsumes him, but one that cannot be fully
held.  This ends up proving that what it is that drives Rakesh throughout his life ends
up driving a wedge between he and his father.

In Susan Glaspell's "Trifles", what are the clues to recognition and reversal?

In the play Trifles, by Susan
Glaspell, the reversal and recognition of the specific tragedy pertaining Minnie Wright
occur during the search and investigation of her house after the presumed suicide of
Minnie's husband.

Of course, the characters who experience
the reversal and recognition are Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters. The reversal occurs when
they see the empty birdcage with the broken door, which seemed to have been forced open
by a very furious person. Aside from that, they find the canary that belongs to that
birdcage wrapped in silk and with a broken neck. The fact that the canary had been laid
to rest in a respectful manner suggests that it was not Minnie who did the deed, but her
husband.

This is the moment of
reversal: Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters see the birdcage and
the bird. This evidence reverses their previous thoughts about the situation. Now they
are clear about what went on in that house. They no longer take the side of justice, of
their husbands, nor society: They understand and, in their own way, they are willing to
conceal Minnie's secret.

After
reversal, comes the
recognition: After putting the information together they
realize that Minnie is an abused wife who apparently snapped at her husband. Now the
plot comes to a full circle- The once submissive and obedient wives of a sheriff and an
investigator are connected emotionally to the situation, and understand what drove
Minnie to what she did. Now, they are in with Minnie, and recognizing what happened
helped them understand best how bad things were for this poor
wife.

Why is the study of DNA a great discovery in the legal arena?

The study of DNA is a great discovery for legal purposes
because it opens up a powerful new way of identifying criminals in some cases.  DNA
evidence has been used both to convict criminals and to establish the innocence of
people who have been convicted of crimes.

At times, the
perpetrator of a crime leaves traces of his/her DNA at the scene of the crime.  Police
can preserve this DNA and use it to help identify the criminal.  If a person is arrested
for the crime, DNA can be taken from them and compared with the DNA from the crime
scene.  This can establish with a very high degree of certainty whether the person
arrested was the one who was present at the crime
scene.

DNA evidence can also be used in other ways. 
Perhaps the most obvious of these is in issues of paternity.  DNA testing can determine
for certain whether a certain man is the father of a particular child.  This can be
important in some civil lawsuits.

In these ways (among
others), the study of DNA has been very important in the legal
arena.

What lessons does Lily learn from August in The Secret Life of Bees?

The best section of this great novel that can be used to
answer this question is Chapter Twelve, which is when Lily finally has a long overdue
chat with August about why she came and her past. Up until this stage in the novel, Lily
has been struggling with hating herself for what she felt she did to her mother. As a
result of having shot her mother, she feels she is not lovable and that everyone should
hate her. August is able to make her see that this is not the
case:

But
you're not unlovable. Even if you did accidentally kill her, you are still the most
dear, most lovable girl I know. Why, Rosaleen love you. May loved you. It doesn't take a
wizard to see Zach loves you. And every one of the Daughters loves
you.

Slowly, Lily begins to
feel and to accept this love that is felt towards her by so many people. In addition,
Lily also learns something very important about the human condition at the end of this
chapter, after she has learnt about her mother leaving her. August tells
her:

Every
person on the face of the earth makes mistakes, Lily. Every last one. We're all so
human. Your mother made a terrible mistake, but she tried to fix it... There is nothing
perfect... There is only
life.

Lily has to learn to
forgive both herself, but also her mother for deserting her. August helps her to realise
that all humans make mistakes, and we must forgive each other for the mistakes that we
do make.

What does Undershaft mean when he identifies "money and gunpowder" as necessary to salvation in Major Barbara?

It is important to realise that Undershaft presents an
"alternative" gospel and creed on which to base one's life. Just as Cusins is
evangelical about his "gospel," so is Undershaft equally zealous about his beliefs and
approach to the world. Note what he says to Cusins:

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It is the Undershaft inheritance. I shall hand on
my torch to my daughter. She shall make my converts and preach my
gospel.

This gospel is of
course based on "money and gunpowder; freedom and power; command of life and command of
death." Undershaft thus reveals that in his view, power lies in might, and might lies in
weaponry. With "money and gunpowder," Undershaft believes that he has true power in
Europe, as these two objects are the basis of warfare and modern political power. He
deliberately eschews belief in an omnipotent God and believes salvation can be found
from following these two objects. For Undershaft, religion is misguided in the focus
that it places on personal sin. Mankind does not need salvation from such sinfulness,
but he definitely does need salvation from the wider societal ills that keep him in a
position of poverty, illness and want. To his mind, Christianity must be rejected
because of the way that it stands against money and war. Actually, these are the only
means of true salvation. In particular, note the way that Undershaft's purchase of the
Salvation Army "proves" his position, as it demonstrates how salvation is only possible
because of people who have the power of money and gunpowder.

Why are the McClellans seen as peculiar in Fahrenheit 451?

The McClellans are looked down upon in the society because
they do not conform to the idea of good citizens. They like to sit around
together, as a family, and talk. Clarisse also likes to go for walks on her own, rather
than driving cars at killer speeds (popular among teenagers in the book).
In the novel, nearly everyone spends their free time either driving with the intent of
killing animals- or possibly people- or watching the TV walls installed in every house.
Montag's wife is upset, because they can only afford 3 walls of screens, instead of 4
like her friends. But the McClellans don't do any of that. They enjoy discussing simple
things, like how their days were, or debating complex issues like politics and ethics.
Clarisse's uncle is particularly peculiar in the eyes of others, and he has the biggest
influence on her development. Thus, when Montag meets her, she is the most unique person
he has ever encountered. Unfortunately, this individuality almost certainly results in
her death, as she is rumored to be struck by a car while out for a walk. Consequently,
her family disappears. There is no room for dissent in this dystopian
world.

Explain the concept of tone in the way it relates to the first statement of Chapter 1 in Pride and Prejudice?

In Chapter 1 of Jane Austen's Pride and
Prejudice we find a powerful and realistic fact that pertains entirely to the
main theme of the novel, and which also sets the tone
immediately:

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"It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a
single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a
wife."

"Tone" in terms of a
literary technique, refers to the overall attitude of the author and the characters
about the main theme of the story.

In the case of
Pride and Prejudice, the statement above represents a tone of
sarcasm and irony. Austen puts this statement forward for us to have a clear idea of
what the novel contends: That a man who has ways and means is meant to get a wife as
part of a checklist of milestones that he should fulfil for society's sake. Inversely,
woman is the possession of a man. She is one of the boxes to be checked off a list of
milestone that a man is supposed to fulfil.  

However, we
will find through the novel's heroine, Elizabeth, that not every woman is willing to
accept the premise of a marriage for convenience. This shows that the overall attitude
of the main character will be disdain, sarcasm, and aversion towards this topic, thus
setting the tone of the novel from the very beginning.

can abusing over the counter painkillers containing codiene cause brain apathy

The abuse of over the counter painkillers containing
codeine may very well cause brain apathy for the following
reasons.

As far back as 1972 scientists discovered that the
human brain actually has receptors that work specifically to take in substances such as
codeine, morphine, and heroin. The reason for it is because these substances have a way
to attach themselves, or combine themselves in those receptors the way endorphins (good
substances) can.  If you think about it, if endorphins produce in us a feel-good feeling
by attaching to the natural receptors in the brain, so can heroin, codeine, and morphine
since all these substances have a very similar make-up.

The
way that codeine would work in your brain would be by attaching itself to the endorphin
receptors and controlling the amount of endorphin that rushes through our bodies. It can
either block or speed the production of endorphin. In a normal person who takes codeine
for specific reasons, and within a small period of time, this will not be a
problem.

However, a person whose social and
phsychological well-being is based on the control of senses and emotions, will find that
self-medicating with codeine, or any other substance of the kind, will create a yo-yo
effect of highs and lows. Ultimately, this is what a true addict is searching for: A way
to control highs and lows and to produce them at once.  If the substance is removed, the
withdrawals begin. Some individuals run to get larger dose of drugs to counteract them,
and some because they develop tolerance. So, in other words yes your brain can develop
apathy with the effects of codeine in the system.

What was the author's purpose for writing Guns, Germs, and Steel?

Diamond's purpose in writing this book was to answer
"Yali's Question."  This was a question which had intrigued him for some time and he
wanted to use his scientific background to help find an
answer.

Yali's question centered around human history. 
Yali wanted to know, essentially, why white people have so much wealth and power in the
world when compared to the people of most non-white countries.  He wanted to know why
Europeans were able to dominate the world.

Diamond's
purpose in writing the book, then, is to put forward his answer to this question.  His
answer is based on geography rather than on race or culture.  He argues that
geographical luck is what made Europe come to dominate the
world.

Can you please give me some quote ideas to start off my essay on "The Leap" that relate to the story's theme "As you fall, there is time to think?"

Well, let us remember that strictly speaking a theme is a
comment or lesson about life that can be learnt from the story. You have just chosen a
quote that is more accurately a topic. The question you need to ask yourself is what is
the author saying through this topic. I will help by giving you a few quotes to think
about that should hopefully get you started and help you to consider this in more
detail.

The most appropriate quote that you need to
consider comes in the final paragraph of the story, and comes just after the quote that
you have chosen to base your essay on. Describing the experience of falling with her
mother after being rescued from the burning house, the narrator
says:

Curled
as I was, against her stomach, I was not startled by the cries of the crowd or the
looking faces. The wind roared and beat its hot breath at our back, and flames whistled.
I slowly wondered what would happen if we missed the circle or bounced out of it. Then I
wrapped my hands around my mother's
hands.

You might like to
consider the way that the narrator experiences a tremendous sense of calm and unity
whilst going through quite a scary experience. This of course is paralleled in the first
accident that the narrator's mother experienced, when she told her
daughter:

My
mother once said that I'd be amazed at how many things a person can do within the act of
falling... But I also think she meant that even in that awful doomed second one could
think, for she certainly
did.

Perhaps the story's
message in relation to the topic you have selected relates to the elasticity of time,
and the way that even in a fall that takes a second it sometimes feels that we have
hours to think and respond.

Upon what points should I focus if I had to assess the role of Martin Luther King in the context of the constitutional and civil rights issues of...

I would first consult any task description or assignment
requirements before engaging in writing the essay.  Making sure these points are present
in your work is of vital importance.  I think that one of the areas upon which I would
place focus would be the concept of Constitutionality in King's work.  In his speeches
and overall message, Dr. King was successful in making the issue of Civil Rights one of
Constitutional legacy and American History.  Examine the presence of these ideas in his
speech, "I Have a Dream." King does not miss the chance to be able to speak to the idea
that Civil Rights is a part of the American legacy.  It is a part of the condition
through which American History can be recognized.  Dr. King was smart enough to
understand that the patriotism and love for America in the late 1950s and early 1960s
can be "coopted" in a matter of speaking to advance the agenda of Civil Rights.  While
so many other leaders took to denigrating America, King flipped the script and argued
that the idea of Civil Rights is merely an extension of the promises and possibilities
of American History and its Constitution.  In doing so, he is able to make the time
bound difficulty in the concept of Civil Rights come to pass for all
Americans.

What is one example of irony in "The Open Window," and what type of irony is it?

There is verbal irony in The Open Window by Saki, because
Vera talks about a "tragedy" that had occurred; however, she knew
that the "tragedy" was a lie, when Framton Nuttel believed this story to be
true.

You can tell that Vera is lying because at
the end of the short story, Vera mentions how Mr. Nuttel had developed a fear of dogs,
so must of been afraid of the spaniel. The reader heard the only conversations between
Vera and Mr. Nuttel, and it never mentioned anything about
dogs...

What the names in The Open Window mean
relative to the content of the story:

Mrs.
Sappleton: "sap" = fool; believes anything or taken advantage if
easily

Framton Nuttel: "framton" = frantic , "nut" =
crazy

Vera: "ver" = veer people off in the wrong direction
, "vera" = truth (so there is irony within the names as well).

Why is Devon described so carefully in the beginning of Knowles book A Separate Peace?

Thomas Wolfe wrote a novel entitled You Can't Go
Home Again in which he writes of his main character that he learned through
hardship that you can't go home to someone who will ease your burden and save
you:

For he
had learned some of the things that every man must find out for himself, and he had
found out about them as one has to find out--through error and through trial, through
fantasy and illusion, through falsehood and his own foolishness, through being mistake
and wrong and an idiot and egotistical and aspiring and hopeful and believing and
confused....And, at the end of it [self-appraisal], he knew that....you can't go home
again....back home to a young man's dream of glory,...back home to someone who can help
you, save you, ease the
burden....

Gene Forrester
attempts to go "back home again" to Devon School in an effort to find the clue to his
actions of the summer of 1942, back to Devon School to relive those terrible moments and
gain some understanding of what he has done, to find that something that will "save
him."  Indeed, it is ironic that Gene walks through the portal of the First Academy
Building that reads "Here Boys Come to be Made Men" in an effort to acquire an
understanding of what happened to incite him to kill his best friend.  On his second
tour through the campus where he finds the infamous tree, Gene realizes that "it was
what you had in your heart that counted."  And, he knows that he can never go back again
even though he can reencounter the tree that has "loomed in [his] memory as a huge lone
spike dominating the riverbank." For,

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Nothing endures, not a tree, not love, not even a
death by violence.

Gene
encounters the "fearful sites" of the campus that he is now able to identify and deal
with as he perceives the selfishness of that summer so long ago as a somewhat detached
narrator who arrives at self-knowledge.

What is the mood, or tone, of the poem "Precious Words" by Emily Dickinson?"Precious Words" by Emily Dickinson

In Emily Dickinson's poem "He ate and drank the Precious
words", the tone of the poem is brought forth by the message of the
poem.

Mood is defined as by the emotion the text brings out
in a reader. Therefore, the mood of a poem can change from reader to reader. This
happens because no reader is the same person, with the same personal history, and the
same emotions.

Therefore, the answer to the question will
reflect what I believe to be the mood of the poem based upon my subjective
thought.

The mood of the poem is one of elation (or
happiness). The book that the man reads brings him to a metaphoric intoxication. It is
through this 'drunkeness' that the man is able to forget his past and current problems.
The book (which many have assumed to be either the Bible, or a text similar to the
Bible) allows the man to find a new happiness:

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Was but a book. What
liberty

A loosened spirit
brings!

The mood is simply
established, for me as the reader, through the recognition that one can find true
happiness and forgiveness somewhere.

In " The Stolen Party", by Liliana Heker, what do you think the author means by the phrase "an infinitely delicate balance" in the last sentence?

In "The Stolen Party", by Liliana Heker, the story closes
referring to "an infinitely delicate balance."

The
character, Rosaura, is caught off guard when the party's hostess, Sefiora Ines offers
her money. With her hand extended, thinking that she is about to receive a yo-yo and
bracelet, Rosaura presses against her mother when offered money. Rosaura, a cold look
bearing down on Ines, freezes.

Ines, aware that she has
crossed a line, knows not what to do. She, as frozen as Rosaura, is afraid to move. She
is fearful that she moves, she will "shatter an infinitely delicate
balance."

What is meant here is that, to this point,
Rosaura has not looked at herself as the child of a cleaning-woman. Instead, the
societal class lines for her were not distinguished yet. It is not until Ines offers her
the money that she realizes she is not, and will never be, of her class. Rosaura's
identity is in jeopardy of being shattered, just like the delicate balance between the
tow standing together.

How does a couple wishing to start a family maximize their chances of having a baby girl? having a baby boy? We've heard of positioning, timing,...

All myths. the sex of the child is pretty much 50/50,
although if the man comes from a family of boys, it seems they tend to have boys also,
but if he is the only boy with 3 sisters... he will likely have a very slight chance of
having mostly girls also. I'm not a physician, just from experience...my father has 5
sisters and 1 brother and between the 7 of them had 13 children, all girls but 1. This
is not the only case like this I've experienced.

I hope you
just have a healthy baby either way!

During a power outage, should a hotel with darkened halls and stairways provide staff to help guests safely find their way with flashlights?

Sadly, if a hotel were to assist a guest and the guest got
injured, the hotel would be liable.  The hotel cannot be found liable for a power
failure that is no fault of their own, as long as they have the appropriate emergency
lighting in place that runs on a battery backup.  If the power is out longer than the
battery on the emergency lighting lasts, the hotel still cannot usually be held
liable.

It's very sad how litigious our society has
become.  More companies have stopped offering convenience services for fear of being
sued by disgruntled customers and/or employees.

Back to the
case at hand, as the previous answer explained, if the facility has an emergency plan in
place, and the employees follow the plan to the letter, their liability may be limited. 
However, if an employee decides to do something that isn't listed as part of that
procedure, and something goes wrong, the company and the employee may end up being
liable for damages.

What is the theme or summary of the book The Right Stuff?

Tom Wolfe's novel, The Right Stuff,
describes the early days of the United States space program and the men who helped
launch the first manned flights. It is a book about the men who had "the right stuff"--a
combination of heroism, bravery, talent and athleticism--who began as test pilots and
who ended up as the famed Mercury astronauts. One of the primary characters is legendary
test pilot Chuck Yeager, whose fearlessness above the clouds became the epitome of the
dangerous missions undertaken by the pilots. Although not one of the Mercury astronauts,
Yeager's daring inspired many of the other pilots who tested the supersonic crafts being
built as a response to the USSR's own burgeoning space program. Yeager lived most of his
life out of the spotlight, as compared to the first astronauts, who became media heroes
before they circled the Earth. Yeager disdained the astronauts, who he considered merely
passengers aboard the space crafts and not true
pilots.

Wolfe explores the politics that the space program
encountered, using the backgrounds of the Cold War, Cuban missile crisis, and the
Vietnam War in the process. But the novel never strays far from the characters--such as
John Glenn, Gus Grissom and Alan Shepard--who risked their lives in those first,
dangerous missions in the tiny Mercury crafts.

How does the Prologue reflect the fundamental concerns carried throughout Romeo and Juliet?

The Prologue of the drama does a great job of establishing
the exposition to all that follows.  Even the most basic read of the element of
literature is established in this small opening.  Shakespeare is able to maximize the
pinnacle of audience interest, at its outset, in order to clearly establish what is
going to unfold and the fundamental concerns of the drama.  The Prologue establishes the
two warring families in the setting of the play, Verona.  In this, Shakespeare makes
very clear that the tension and warring between both families will form a critical
concern of the play and creates something that will not leave throughout the drama.  The
Prologue also establishes that there is a contradictory tone of love that is brought out
amidst this conflict, setting up the basic tension that will carry the audience from
start to finish.  The contrast of love amidst a background of war is what makes the
drama in the Prologue reflect the fundamental concern that will be present consistently
in the drama.  How does love exist in the midst of intense anger?  How do individuals
seek to rise above the world in which they live?  How can individuals be a part of the
world and yet be distinct from it?  These concerns help to drive the play and are
established in the opening.

Who funded the study in the book Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America.

Barbara Ehrenreich funded the study through two main
sources: first, the wages and tips she earned through the various jobs she undertook
during her experiments in various parts of the country; second, the financial resources
she had available through her "other" life as a published author and
researcher/activist.

As she prepared for her experiences
living and working with those trapped in low-wage jobs, Ehrenreich was very aware that
her situation was not the same as that of her coworkers. She had the option to leave her
low-paying jobs and her inexpensive housing whenever the hardships of the circumstances
became insurmountable, a choice that was not available to others. Her willingness to
step away from her material possessions into the low-income lifestyle enabled her to
share her experiences and reactions in the book.

Line j has a slope of -7/8. Line k is perpendicular to line j. What is the slope of line k?

Line J m=-7/8

Formula of
slope of line perpendicular or another line is:

m1m2=-1    
where m1 is slope 1 and m2 is the slope we have to
find

therefore
-7/8(m2)=-1

Take 8 on the other side as numerator and
multiply by -1 take -7 as numerator therefore both the
subtraction signs get cancelled.

therefore 8/7 is the slope
of the K.

How does the poem "A Poison Tree" by William Blake support or negate the proposition that anger tends to make people irrational?"A Poison Tree" by...

This excellent poem clearly concerns the theme of anger
and how when it is not dealt with it can become intensely destructive. In relation to
your question, it might be helpful to look at the second stanza, which, through an
extended metaphor, discusses the way that the speaker dealt with his anger and nurtured
it, comparing it to tending a plant:

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And I watered it in
fears,

Night and morning with my
tears;

And I sunned it with
smiles,

And with soft deceitful
wiles.

Note the imagery in
this stanza and the way that the speaker tends his anger as he would a tree. The speaker
is described as feeding his anger with tears, fears and deceit, which, we could argue,
is not the most rational way to approach his anger. Clearly this could be used as
evidence to support your proposition. Due to the anger that the speaker harbours inside
of him towards his foe, he expresses a range of emotions indicating the way that he is
looking his rationalism and becoming increasingly irrational. This of course relates
back to the key theme of the poem in the way that anger that is left to simmer and
fester ends up hurting both the object of that anger and the person nursing those
feelings as well.

In Sophocles's play Oedipus Rex, when Tiresias does speak, he speaks the truth. Why doesn’t Oedipus accept the story that Tiresias tells?

In Sophocles's play
Oedipus Rex, when Tiresias speaks, he speaks the truth. Why doesn't
Oedipus accept the story that Tiresias tells?

Various
answers to this question suggest themselves, including the
following:

• At first Oedipus suspects that
  Tiresias may be disloyal to Thebes (382-85).


• He also
  suspects Tiresias of disloyalty to himself (Oedipus;
  395).


• He accuses Tiresias of “stubbornness”
  (402).


• He accuses Tiresias of insulting Thebes
  (407).


• He even suspects Tiresias of having helped to plan
  Laius’s death:

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I get the feeling you conspired in the
act,
and played your part, as much as you could do,
short of killing
him with your own hands.
(413-15)

Given the fact that
Oedipus has already accused Tiresias of being unpatriotic, personally disloyal,
stubborn, disrespectful to Thebes, and partly responsible for the death of Laius, it is
not surprising that he is unwilling to believe Tiresias when the latter finally reveals
that Oedipus himself was the murderer of Laius. Tiresias several times accuses Oedipus
of having an uncontrolled temper (402-04; 409-10), and surely this temper also helps
explain why Oedipus rejects Tiresias’s revelations about Oedipus
himself.

Once Tiresias makes his personal revelations about
Oedipus, Oedipus repeats many of the same suspicions and charges he had already leveled
against the old man. He says, for instance,

• that
  Tiresias is a liar (445-46).


• that Tiresias has been
  bribed by Creon (464).


• that Tiresias is untalented
  (473-75)

During the course of his argument with
Tiresias, Oedipus reveals that he himself is arrogant, easy to angry, and greatly
irrational. These defects in his personality are some of the reasons he rejects the old
man’s revelations, but other reasons involve his assumptions that Tiresias himself is
afflicted with all the defects of character outlined above.  Ironically, Oedipus’s
suspicions about the alleged flaws in Tiresias’s character help reveal the flaws in
Oedipus himself.

-- Ian Johnston translation
(see link below).

As the narrative begins, why has a throng gathered in the market place?Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter

With one of his motifs the sanctimonious hypocrisy and the
religious stringency of the Puritans, Hawthorne immediately creates a scene descriptive
of these characteristics in Chapter 1 of The Scarlet Letter.  The
Puritans are dressed in "sad-colored" garments and "grey steeple-crowned hats"
interspersed with women who wears hoods, assembled before the heavy door with iron
spikes.  And, it is with irony that Hawthorne mentions that the first action of these
Puritans who came to America for religious freedom is to build a prison as fast as they
have built a burial ground: 

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The rust on the ponderous iron-work of its oaken
door looked more antique than anything else in the New
World.

Again, it is ironic
that these people who have sought new shores for personal freedoms, should stand and
wait to see one whom they have imprisoned.  And, as they wait, many make caustic remarks
about the prisoner; others anticipate their delight in the prisoner's punishments. 
Certainly, their remarks are cruel.

What does Ponyboy mean when he says that he lies to himself all the time in The Outsiders? He did it twice... ...in Chapter 1, p. 18, and when...

The death of Ponyboy's parents was a traumatic experience
for him, just as it would be for any 14 year old. Ponyboy has problems dealing with the
new head of the household, his 20 year old brother, Darry. Darry works all the time,
having given up his chance at a college football scholarship in order to support the
family. Darry takes his responsibility seriously, since he knows his two younger
brothers may be placed in a foster home if things go wrong. Consequently, Darry keeps a
tight rein on Pony, who he knows has a bright future ahead of him (unlike Soda, who has
already dropped out of school). Pony tries to convince himself that he hates Darry, and
that Darry hates him. Soda tells him that it is not true, but Pony is never quite sure.
Pony's guilt concerning this relationship hounds him throughout the
novel.

Following Johnny's death, Pony tries to convince
himself that it was he, and not Johnny, who had killed the Soc in the park. This comes
in part because Pony has suffered a concussion and is not thinking clearly, but it is
primarily because he blames himself for all of the problems--Johnny killing the Soc, the
church fire, and for Johnny's critical injuries. Johnny was Pony's best friend, and Pony
tries to keep Johnny's memory alive by trying to remember only the good things he had
shared with him.

What are the types of digestion and of digestive system of platyhelminthes?

The digestive system of flatworms is incomplete, not fully
developed, yet more advanced than in any other simple livings, therefore, they complete
their digestion by means of extracellular and intracellular
activity.

The complete digestive system of the flatworms
consists of mouth, a tube similar to pharynx and the intestine that could be branched to
enlarge the area of absoption of nutrients. We notice that the dygestive system presents
a single opening, therefore the wastes are eliminated through the same place the food
enters into the pharynx, such as, in flatworms, the mouth plays also the role of
anus.

There is another complementary way through flatworms
excrete materials that they do not need anymore, namely flame
cells.

What did the Pentagon Papers do to Vietnam?What happened with Vietnam, not US or anything else. Just need to know about vietnam.

The Pentagon Papers told the true story of what happened
in Vietnam and what decisions were made and why. They also shows that the United States
officials had lied about Vietnam. The papers themselves did not DO anything to Vietnam,
rather they explained what had been done in Vietnam and they also showed that Johnson
had planned on expanding the war in Vietnam, not ending it as he had indicated
publicly.

readability="11.618691588785">

The Pentagon Papers were mostly an
indictment of the Democratic administration of href="http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2292.html">Lyndon B. Johnson, but
they fed the Nixon administration's preoccupation with finding information and document
leakers. They eventually led to the secret White House "Plumbers" group and then to
Watergate. In its turn, Watergate led to the first resignation of an American president,
Richard M. Nixon. The Pentagon Papers contained plans to invade Vietnam, even though
President Johnson had told the public that he had no intention to stage an
invasion.

What the release of
these papers served to do was to lessen popular support for the Vietnam war and to call
the words of politicians into question.

In response to your
question, then, with regard to what happened with Vietnam, the main element of the
Pentagon Papers is the lies that were being told about US involvement in Vietnam and US
intentions as to the future of the war with Vietnam.

Why should a rebellion in Cuba (an internal Spanish issue) become a cause for war inthe US?

There are at least three reasons for
this.

First, because of its history, the US tended to be
sympathetic to groups that were rebelling against a colonial government.  Many Americans
thought that a country that had itself rebelled against a European monarchy should help
rebels who were doing the same.  In this sense, the US saw the rebellion as a cause for
war due to ideological reasons.

Second, there were those in
the US who were looking for any excuse to go to war.  These people, like Theodore
Roosevelt, believed that the US was growing soft.  They believed that the nation needed
to have a war to make Americans tougher.   This group saw Cuba as a convenient way to
test and enhance American masculinity.

Finally, there were
those who wanted the US to have an empire.  This motive was mixed up with the previous
motive.  These imperialists felt that the US needed to keep up with the European
countries that all had and/or were gaining empires.

For
these reasons, an issue that was seemingly internal to Spain became a cause for war in
the US.

Discuss an element of thematic appreciation in Stoker's Dracula.

I think that one of the most fascinating themes in
Stoker's work is how love figures into salvation and damnation.  This is a thematic
appreciation that really can play a prominent role in the analysis of the work.  The
idea of how love is separate from the salvation of human beings or the damnation of
their souls is an very unique element out of Stoker's work.  It seems that the
construction of the salvation of the soul is constructed outside of love.  This means
that love does not play a prominent role in the construct of saving or condemning one's
soul.  I think that this is something unique because the Romantic period that preceded
Stoker's Victorianism made it very clear that to find love and to have love is the key
to spiritual redemption.  The ability for the Romantic notion of the soul to be redeemed
rested in the ability to love.  That is not the case in Stoker's world.  The psychic
link that Mina shares with Dracula has no impact it seems on her ability to be saved or
damned.  She has to be rescued from Dracula's power or she will be condemned.  The
strictly moral absolutism of the Victorian era is one where there is a construction to
save the soul of the individual outside of love.  In fact, if one argues that Dracula
actually "loved" Lucy and Mina, this love inhibits their ability to be saved.  It is a
very interesting thematic element of the novel to see how love plays a role, if it plays
a role, in an individual's salvation or damnation.

How is the theme of social clashes explored in The Merchant of Venice?

I wonder if this question can be answered with reference
to the way that Venice is presented as a society made up of different social classes but
also different ethnic groupings. Of course, the central social "clash" would be the way
in which Jews are treated and abused by Venetian society, as is shown through Antonio's
mistreatment of Shylock. Venice is presented as a society that is definitely not
characterised by harmony and unity. Consider the charges that Shylock brings against
Antonio in Act I scene 3, which is of course when Antonio tries to borrow money from
him:

You call
me misbeliever, cutthroat dog,

And spit upon my Jewish
gaberdine...

Such lines speak
of blatant abuse and division between the various social elements of Venetian society,
which was famed as a centre for merchants and tradesmen. Even in the famous court scene
of Act IV scene 1, Shylock clearly is not pleading his case in front of an impartial
Duke. Let us remember that the Duke himself describes Shylock as "A stony adversary, an
inhuman wretch / Uncapable of pity, void and empty / From any dram of mercy." Social
clashes are evident through the obvious prejudice that exists in this society against
Jews, who are clearly treated in a terrible way by all
concerned.

What is the importance of religion in Jude the Obscure?

Religion drives two things in particular in this
novel.

First, religion and religious ideas initially define
Jude's self-image and later his ambition. The moral precepts of Christianity also form
Jude's uncritical moral views until Sue has a chance to convince him that these views do
not allow for the honest pursuit of one's truest life (if that life does not include
marriage or if it means divorce, etc.). 

In the first three
sections of the novel, Jude occassionally makes biblical references and also pursues a
religiously founded education (for a time). He also gets most of his work as a stone
mason in religious contexts - in churches. 

readability="8">

Jude has been trained to reconstruct Gothic,
medieval churches. Hardy placed great value in historical preservation, believing
urbanization to be the source of the destruction of the rural
past.

Religion also drives
the moral vision of the society of England at large. It is this vision that Jude finally
rebels against, to some degree, and which Sue chafes against constantly, begining with
her purchase of two Roman statues. These statues are then smashed by the house mother
where Sue is staying, symbolizing the nature of the conflict: the honest feelings of the
individual are destroyed if they do not conform to the widely held moral feelings of
society. 

Even Phillotson, a quite conventional man, finds
that he is forced to go against the views of society at large. He is
defeated. 

It is religion, as a general body of ideas, that
represents and codifies the moral views of the society depicted in the novel. It is
religion, ironically and symbolically, that lands the fatal blow against Jude and Sue
when they are run out of town while working on a job re-furbishing the ten
commandments. 

The most significant aspect of the pervasive
religious moral view of the day is the view of marriage. The novel's central interest is
marriage, the inflexibility of the institution, and the effects of marriage on the
spirits of those who are married. 

In The Crucible, in examining Reverend Parris, what evidence is there that justice didn’t prevail?

There are a couple of points to make here.  The first
would be that Parris is evidence that justice does not prevail because he is empowered. 
The fact that someone like him would be in the position of power is representative that
justice is not present.  Parris' insecurities, his coveting of power and control, as
well as the manipulative manner in which he uses religion are all representative of how
injustice is present if someone like him holds power.  Additionally, Parris' role during
the trials also feeds the idea that justice did not prevail.  Parris' pressures on
Danforth and the entire court proceedings is representative of a lack of justice.  His
pointed attacks on Proctor, seeking to pervert the court process to remedy his own
personal animosity, is also representative of how justice does not
prevail.

On another level, though, one could argue that
post- trial, justice does prevail with what happens to Parris.  It is evident in Act IV
that Parris' credibility with the judges is in doubt.  When he confesses that Abigail
has stolen his money and fled, that he is the source of death threats, and that he is
working on a "deal" to use Hale to secure confessions, it brings some level of doubt to
his position.  This also helps to show him as fraudulent, confirmed by the ending.  In
the last section of the play entitled, "Echoes Down the Corridor," the ending of Parris
does reflect that justice might have very well prevailed in the long
term:

Not long
after the fever died, Parris was voted from office, walked out on the highroad, and was
never heard from again.

For
someone that sought to be the center of everyone's attention, such an ending might be
just in its own right.

What was the background, major events and results of the seven years war?I just need direct history about the seven years war between the British,...

The Seven Years War, known as the French and Indian War in
America, arose due to conflicts between France and Britain over territories in North
America. Spain was ruled by a Bourbon King, following the War of the Spanish Succession,
and was thus allied with France. It was the first truly world war, and was fought in
North America, Europe and India. An excellent discussion of the War in America and how
it led to the American Revolution is contained in Fred Thompson's Crucible of
War. A more detailed description of the War in Europe is contained in the
link below.

The major battle in the Americas was the Battle
of Quebec in which forces under General Wolfe defeated a French force under the Marquis
de Montcalm. Both Wolfe and Montcalm died as a result of injuries received in the
battle.

The war ended with the Peace of Paris of 1763 and a
number of ancillary treaties. As a result of the treaty, France withdrew from mainland
North America. France was given the option of retaining French America (basically
Canada) or several islands in the Caribbean. It chose the islands as they were a source
of sugar, a major trade item. French Canada was ceded to Great Britain, and Louisiana
was ceded to Spain.

How do I solve this problem? (x+2)(x-1)-(2 x+5)=-7

Well, first you simplify the
equation:

(x^2+x-2)-(2x+5)=-7

x^2-x-7=-7

Then
by using the Addition Property of Equality
(APE),

x^2-x-7=-7

Since it's a
quadratic equation, it
becomes

x^2-x=0

By
factoring,

x(x-1)=0

Therefore,

x=0,
or x=1.

I hope I've helped.
:)

What are all solutions of equation f(-3x)=0 if the roots of equation f(x)=0 are -1 and -2?

Since the equation f(x) = 0 has two roots, then the
equation is a quadratic:

f(x) =
(x+1)(x+2)

f(x) = x^2 + 3x +
2

f(-3x) = (-3x)^2 + 3*(-3x) +
2

f(-3x) = 9x^2 - 9x + 2

We'll
apply quadratic formula:

x1 = [9+sqrt(81 -
72)]/18

x1 = (9+3)/18

x1 =
12/18

x1 = 2/3

x2 =
(9-3)/18

x2 = 6/18

x2 =
1/3

Another way to solve the problem is to consider that
any root of an equation, substituted within equation, verifies
it.

f(-1) = 0

But f(-3x) =
0

f(-3x) = f(-3*(1/3)) = f(-1) = 0 => x =
1/3

f(-3x) = f(-3*(2/3)) = f(-2) = 0 => x =
2/3

Therefore, the solutions of the quadratic
equation f(-3x)=0 are {1/3 ; 2/3}.

There are many images that reflect change in "A Pair of Tickets," by Amy Tan, from her book The Joy Luck Club. How does Tan use these images of...

In "A Pair of Tickets" from Amy Tan's The Joy
Luck Club, images used in the story indicate change, a central theme in this
story.

Upon arriving in China, Jing-Mei reports that she
feels like she is changing:

readability="11">

The minute our train...enters...China, I feel
different. I can feel the skin on my forehead tingling, my blood rushing through a new
course, my bones aching with a familiar old pain. And I think, My mother was right. I am
becoming Chinese.

In the
beginning of this "chapter," Jing-Mei remembers that she had once told her mother that
she (Jing-Mei) wasn't really Chinese at all, but her mother assured her that it is
buried deep within—it would stay there until she was ready to let it
out:

Cannot be
helped...someday you will see...it is in your blood, waiting to be let
go.

When this occurs,
Jing-Mei will have accepted her Chinese "side:" her mother is sure it will
happen.

There are several images that support the theme of
change in the story. Food may be one of these images. When Jing-Mei goes to China and
she and her father check in to their hotel, their Chinese relatives want burgers and
fries. However, Jing-Mei had been looking forward to her first Chinese meal. This could
support the theme of change: had she come to China under different circumstances,
Jing-Mei might also have preferred an American meal. Perhaps her desire for a "real"
Chinese meal also indicates that she is going through a
change.

Another image presented several times includes
pictures. The first is the one in Jing-Mei's passport. When the picture was taken,
Jing-Mei had a chic haircut and a good deal of make-up which altered her appearance.
Now, because of the heat, her face is "bare;" this change may indicate that as she
enters China, the people will see who she truly is and she will not be hiding behind a
"mask," showing a changed Jing-Mei.

The fact that many
things in China seem the same as they are in America make Jing-Mei comment twice (upon
arriving at the hotel), "This is communist China?" These images of sameness may indicate
that Jing-Mei is finding herself at home with the Chinese culture: it is not as
"foreign" to her as she had thought.

Dreams are a recurring
image in the story: her dreams and her mother's dreams. Before Jing-Mei leaves for
China, she repeatedly dreams of her half-sisters rejecting her. The image she has of
them and herself in the dream are very different than their images when they meet. At
first glance, the twins look just like Jing-Mei's mother. In a
moment, that image changes. They are her family—they embrace each other and see their
mother within each other. This shows a transformation in how Jing-Mei sees herself, her
sisters, and her vision of how they all "connect" to their
mother.

Jing-Mei's mother had a dream of returning home.
That cannot be, but her daughter does so instead. Jing-Mei's mother
also dreamed that her children would be united—her "long-cherished wish:" this occurs
(joyously) because Jing-Mei sees herself and her heritage differently, and has "embraced
her mother's dream as her own."

There are also the images
of the Polaroid pictures Jing-Mei takes. They change gradually, mimicking the passage of
time needed for Jing-Mei to find herself. As with life, the picture gives only a shadow
of what may come—it is not until the reaction of the chemicals is complete that one can
fully see the final, finished image: three sisters very much like their mother, and
Jing-Mei—her mother's daughter at last.

How does sociology define religion?And what are the 4 sociological classifications within religion?

The sociology of religion refers to religion in society. 
Rather than looking at the truth or proof of
truth behind certain beliefs and practices, religious sociology simply looks
at what religions practice, where they came from (historically), how they have changed
and developed, and what are the common and universal themes among
them.

That said, the basic classification system for
sociology in religion is called the "church-sect typology."  It is broken down into four
sections:

1. The
   church: as an institution, the church is
   defined as a religion that embraces religious expression in society, provides a common
   worldview (how to live, etc.) for its members, and does not tolerate religious
   competition.  Examples at this level include the Catholic church, protestant churches
   (collectively), or
   Islam.


2. Denominations: within
   many churches there often exists different denominations.  Essentially, these sub-groups
   subscribe to one common belief (of the larger church) but disagree on smaller details
   and practices.  Examples at this level within the protestant church include Southern
   Baptist, Methodist, or
   Presbyterian.


3. Sects: sects
   are even smaller groups which form by breaking apart (typically) from a denomination. 
   Often, they are formed from discontent and disagreement.  Many evangelical (Protestant)
   Christian denominations have further divided into more specific sects.
   


4. Cults or New
   Religious Movements: like sects, cults are considered new religious
   movements, but rather than breaking off of an existing movement, cults most often form
   completely independently.  Rather than advocating a return to an existing "church" (or
   pure religion), cults claim to believe in something completely new as a result, many
   times, of long lost scriptures or new prophesies.  There have been small cults which
   make headlines through mass suicides or other radical (and often horrific) displays of
   unity, but there are also those who consider Jehovah's Witnesses or Mormons, for
   example, to be cults, because they base their beliefs off of
   additional scriptures and modern
   prophesies.

Sociologists href="http://fasnafan.tripod.com/religion.pdf">define religion according to
substantive qualities (an instution with superhuman beings (Spiro)) or functional
qualities (symbols that determine power and an order of existence
(Geertz)).

How do I discuss different interpretations or readings of a text in an essay (text response), specifically, twelve angry men by Reginald Rose..thanks!

When my students were learning about Literary Analysis in
College Composition,  we read Anthem by Ayn Rand together as a
class.  Anthem is a short, easily read, but very thought
provoking, dystopian novel.  It is filled with great discussion fodder. You can also
receive a classroom set of it free through the Ayn Rand
Institute.

Then as a class we looked at it through many
different lenses.  We discussed how it would work with Reader Response,  with
Deconstructionism, with Feminisim, with Marxism, with Historical Analysis, et cetera.
 We discussed this in depth, using only one or two of the literary theories a
day.

After they had a firm grasp on the many different
'lenses' they could look at a text through,  we moved on to a classic book of their own
choosing. They each wrote an essay about the book using the Literary theory of their
choice.  It was highly effective, and I felt I had prepared my seniors for how to write
about a book on a college level.

Good luck to you with your
lesson.

What role do women play in The Bronze Bow?

Interestingly enough, the role of women in The Bronze Bow
can be understood by contrasting their role to that of the men within the story.  The
female author, Elizabeth Speare, uses the role of the male to be played out as a fighter
who is physically strong, full of pride, and protective.  She creates Daniel, the
protagonist, as a strong-willed and filled with anger young man who wants revenge. This
is due to the death of his parents by the Roman soldiers. Rosh and Joel have the similar
characteristics, even though Rosh is mentally directed differently than Joel. Simon, who
may have a different disposition of all the male characters, still exhibits the concept
of fighting for what is right and being physically
strong. 

However, it is the role of the women in this story
to be played out as a submissive character who is physically weak, kind, and loving.  
Daniel's grandmother cares for Leah; Thace cares for Daniel when he is hurt; and the
physically and mentally weak Leah, loves her brother and Marcus, a Roman soldier. The
irony of the woman's role is that although they are physically weak and submissive, they
demonstrate the true inner strength of love and forgiveness that the male counterpart
lacks with in the story.  The female role is necessary to allow the plot to transpose
the protagonist into a renewed character.  It is through the contrasting sex roles that
the author demonstrates the tremendous strength of both, hate and
love.