The metric system was proposed in 1670 by French clergyman
Gabriel Mouton. Mouton proposed a base-ten system of measurement in which the basic unit
of length would be the milliare, a distance equal to one minute of
arc along a meridian (one ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to a pole). In
1875 a group of European nations collectively adopted the concept. The unit of length
was named the meter from the Greek word metron, which means
"measure", in the sense of a portion or allotment.
Until
1960 a marked platinum bar, kept by international agreement in a special vault in
France, was used as the standard length for a meter. In 1960 it was defined more exactly
as 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of the radiation of krypton 86. In 1983 the meter was again
redefined as 1/299,792,458 of the distance light travels in a vacuum in one second.
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