What is the role of mysticism in medieval culture?

Medieval Europe was torn by cultural, religious and
political strife. Communities were plagued with epidemics and famine, and life was
generally bleak for many. Most Europeans found solace in the mainstream religious
authority of the Catholic Church, but others sought religious ecstasy through less
popular means. Throughout Europe, groups of Jews and Christians formed secret societies
that incorporated unique rituals and dogmas. In France and Spain, Jews formed an
esoteric school of thought called Kabbalah. In northern Europe, some returned to Druid
and Wiccan practices despite the threat persecution. Though many of these religious
communities eventually disbanded, they expanded the scope of what was considered
religiously acceptable behavior. Mystics introduced new ways of understanding mainstream
religions. In addition, many mystical communities offered save havens to women, the
poor, and social outcasts.