During emotional states, epinephrine and norepinephrine are released because of activation of what?

These are both hormones, or chemical messengers that
travel in the bloodstream to a target organ, where an effect will occur. They are part
of the endocrine system. Epinephrine, also called adrenaline, is released from the
adrenal glands, located on top of each kidney. It is both a hormone and a
neurotransmitter. In emergency situations, it helps with the fight or flight response of
the sympathetic nervous system. Its release triggers increased heart rate, the muscles
will tense, more air moves into the lungs and blood flows more rapidly. This will ensure
that a person has a chance to fight back or flee from an emergency. The major trigger of
adrenaline is usually some type of stress. This could be a threat, excitement, noise,
etc. Norepinephrine, or noradrenaline is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. When it is
released from sympathetic neurons, it will increase the rate of heart contractions. As a
stress hormone, it affects parts of the brain where attention and responses are
controlled. It also contributes to the fight or flight response by increasing heart
rate, releasing glucose for energy and increasing blood flow to where its needed. These
are necessary chemicals that enable the body to cope because of the activation of the
flight or fight response.