. The present transport system of India comprises several
modes of transport including rail, road, coastal shipping, air transport,
etc.
The Railways in India provide
the principal mode of tranportation for freight and passengers.
India has one of the largest road networks in
the world, aggregating to about 33 lakh kilometers at present. The country's road
network consists of National High-ways, State Highways, major/other district roads and
villages/rural roads.'
Shipping plays an important role in
the transport sector of India's economy. Approximately, 90 percent of the country's
trade by volume (70 per cent in terms of value) is moved by sea. India has the largest
merchant shipping fleet among the developing countries and ranks 20th amongst the
countries with the largest cargo carrying fleet with 8.83 million GT as on 01.06.2008
and the average of the fleet being 18 years.
The Ministry of Civil
Aviation is responsible for the formulation of national policies and programmes for
development and regulation of civil aviation and for devising and implementing schemes
for orderly growth and expansion of civil air
transport.
India has about 14,500 km of
navigable waterways which comprise rivers, canals, backwaters, creeks, etc. About 50
million tonnes of cargo corresponding to 2,82 billion tonne km was transported in
2005-2006 by Inland Water Transport (IWT).
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