Give examples of two real life applications of operating systems with valid reasoning.

A realtime operating system is a special type of operating
system used for what are called embedded systems.  These are computers that often don't
have a screen or keyboard and have limited resources such as memory or processor speed.
 An operating system (OS) such as Windows or MacOSX are not realtime
OSs.

A realtime OS has the special requirement (in addition
to being on an embedded system) that some operations need to be done within a specific
timeframe or the operation is invalid.  For example, sitting at your computer, if you
don't touch a key for a few minutes, the computer isn't going to have a problem with
that.  However, in all realtime OSs, delays in the processing will cause
errors.

Here are two examples of realtime OSs that are
commonly used:

(1) A pacemaker.  This is a device that is
inserted in someone's chest to provide electrical impulses at regular intervals to help
their heart beat.  If the device missed a beat, it may be
fatal.

(2) The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) controller in
a car.  When the driver of the car presses on the brake, this device controls the
signals to the actual brake pads with the wheels.  If the device does not correctly
manage the timing of the brake pads, the car will not stop
correctly.

Realtime OSs involve special programming that
takes additional training for software engineers and is considered more difficult to get
correct for safe applications.